{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:17:47Z","timestamp":1761488267786,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,10]],"date-time":"2015-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2078,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bbmt.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,11]],"date-time":"2009-06-11T05:59:16Z","timestamp":1244699956000},"page":"991-995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Fatal Rhizopus Pneumonia in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Patients Despite Posaconazole Prophylaxis: Two Cases and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lazaros J.","family":"Lekakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amber","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeanette","family":"Prante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Ribes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Monohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioannis G.","family":"Baraboutis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athanasios T.","family":"Skoutelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dianna S.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1L005","article-title":"Posaconazole: an oral triazole with an extended spectrum of activity","volume":"42","author":"Rachwalski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa061094","article-title":"Posaconazole vs. fluconazole or itraconazole prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia","volume":"356","author":"Cornely","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa061098","article-title":"Posaconazole or fluconazole for prophylaxis in severe graft-versus-host disease","volume":"356","author":"Ullmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55a","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V110.11.163.163","article-title":"Results of a randomized, double-blind trial of fluconazole (FLU) vs. voriconazole (VORI) for the prevention of invasive fungal infections (IFI) in 600 allogeneic blood and marrow transplant (BMT) patients","volume":"110","author":"Wingard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1086\/430710","article-title":"Predictors of pulmonary zygomycosis versus invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with cancer","volume":"41","author":"Chamilos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705614","article-title":"Breakthrough zygomycosis after voriconazole administration among patients with hematologic malignancies who receive hematopoietic stem-cell transplants or intensive chemotherapy","volume":"39","author":"Trifilio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5243","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.10.5243-5246.2005","article-title":"Quality control and reference guidelines for CLSI broth microdilution susceptibility method (M 38-A document) for amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole","volume":"43","author":"Espinel-Ingroff","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.2.658-666.2006","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of posaconazole in patients with persistent febrile neutropenia or refractory invasive fungal infection","volume":"50","author":"Ullmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00454-06","article-title":"Posaconazole plasma concentrations in juvenile patients with invasive fungal infection","volume":"51","author":"Krishna","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.27.12.1627","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of oral posaconazole in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with graft-versus-host disease","volume":"27","author":"Krishna","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.5.1581-1582.2002","article-title":"In vitro activities of posaconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and fluconazole against 37 clinical isolates of zygomycetes","volume":"46","author":"Sun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2310","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.7.2310-2312.2002","article-title":"In vivo activity of posaconazole against Mucor spp. in an immunosuppressed-mouse model","volume":"46","author":"Sun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1086\/511039","article-title":"Posaconazole for the treatment of azole-refractory oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis in subjects with HIV infection","volume":"44","author":"Skiest","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.1.126-133.2006","article-title":"Posaconazole as salvage therapy for zygomycosis","volume":"50","author":"Greenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e61","DOI":"10.1086\/500212","article-title":"Posaconazole is effective as salvage therapy in zygomycosis: a retrospective summary of 91 cases","volume":"42","author":"van Burik","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1086\/375075","article-title":"Mucormycosis (zygomycosis) in a heart-kidney transplant recipient: recovery after posaconazole therapy","volume":"36","author":"Tobon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2008.01499.x","article-title":"Posaconazole as first line treatment for disseminated zygomycosis","volume":"51","author":"Peel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2007.05.178","article-title":"Early use of posaconazole in the successful treatment of rhino-orbital mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus oryzae","volume":"55","author":"Kok","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infection"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.02.053","article-title":"Periorbital zygomycosis (mucormycosis) treated with posaconazole","volume":"142","author":"Rutar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2008.01595.x","article-title":"Successful therapy with ABLC, surgery and posaconazole for Rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis liver eumycetoma in a child with acute leukaemia","volume":"52","author":"Sedlacek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.47069-0","article-title":"Rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis sinus-orbital zygomycosis in an immunosuppressed patient: successful treatment with posaconazole after a complicated clinical course","volume":"56","author":"Stark","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.20572","article-title":"Successful treatment of pulmonary zygomycosis with posaconazole in a recipient of a haploidentical donor stem cell transplant","volume":"47","author":"Gilman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib23","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparative in vitro activities of posaconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B against Aspergillus and Rhizopus, and synergy testing for","author":"Arikan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rhizopus. Med Mycol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00492-08","article-title":"Posaconazole enhances the activity of amphotericin B against hyphae of zygomycetes in vitro","volume":"52","author":"Perkhofer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg020","article-title":"In vitro susceptibilities of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungals","volume":"51","author":"Dannaoui","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3786","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00628-08","article-title":"Posaconazole combined with amphotericin B, an effective therapy for a murine disseminated infection caused by Rhizopus oryzae","volume":"52","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01124-08","article-title":"Posaconazole mono- or combination therapy for the treatment of murine zygomycosis","volume":"53","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00969-06","article-title":"Posaconazole prophylaxis in experimental systemic zygomycosis","volume":"51","author":"Barchiesi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2008.01536.x","article-title":"Rhino-cerebral zygomycosis resistant to antimycotic treatment: a case report","volume":"52","author":"Vyzantiadis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2008.199","article-title":"Breakthrough Rhizopus infection on posaconazole prophylaxis following allogeneic stem cell transplantation","volume":"42","author":"Schlemmer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib31","first-page":"2597","article-title":"[Invasive zygomycosis in patients treated for haematological malignancies]","volume":"151","author":"Verweij","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nederlands tijdschrift geneeskunde"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00506-08","article-title":"The utility of galactomannan enzyme immunoassay and (1-3) {beta}-D-glucan in the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections: low sensitivity for Aspergillus fumigatus infection in hematologic malignancy patients","volume":"47","author":"Hachem","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02091-07","article-title":"Contribution of the (1-3)-beta-D-glucan assay for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections","volume":"46","author":"Persat","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3690","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00917-08","article-title":"Detection of a molecular biomarker for zygomycetes by quantitative PCR assays of plasma, bronchoalveolar lavage, and lung tissue in a rabbit model of experimental pulmonary zygomycosis","volume":"46","author":"Kasai","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1083879109002092?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1083879109002092?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T14:34:17Z","timestamp":1761057257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1083879109002092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1083879109002092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-8791"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1083-8791"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fatal Rhizopus Pneumonia in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Patients Despite Posaconazole Prophylaxis: Two Cases and Review of the Literature","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.04.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2009 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}