{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T05:07:48Z","timestamp":1790485668654,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003810","name":"Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20180034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20180034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003810","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003810","name":"Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Doc-Fix FAPERGS\/CAPES\/04e2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Doc-Fix FAPERGS\/CAPES\/04e2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003810","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003810","name":"Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FAPERGS\/02\/2017 - 17\/2551-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAPERGS\/02\/2017 - 17\/2551-0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003810","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003810","name":"Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20170061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20170061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003810","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004263","name":"FAPERGS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004263","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behavioural Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T15:17:48Z","timestamp":1612883868000},"page":"113173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"special_numbering":"C","title":["tDCS and exercise improve anxiety-like behavior and locomotion in chronic pain rats via modulation of neurotrophins and inflammatory mediators"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"404","author":[{"given":"Bettega Costa","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6842-7241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liciane Fernandes","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirson Jo\u00e3o","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania Giotti","family":"Cioato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa Silva","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helouise Richardt","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0345-7845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Roberto Stefani","family":"Sanches","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Fregni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolnei","family":"Caumo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iraci L.S.","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-24-09896.2001","article-title":"Exacerbation of pain by anxiety is associated with activity in a hippocampal network","author":"Ploghaus","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2016.06.007","article-title":"Comorbid anxiety-like behavior and locus coeruleus impairment in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a comparative study with the chronic constriction injury model","author":"Alba-Delgado","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacology Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0587-12.2012","article-title":"Abnormalities in hippocampal functioning with persistent pain","author":"Mutso","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0020","article-title":"TNF-\u03b1 differentially regulates synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus and spinal cord by microglia-dependent mechanisms after peripheral nerve injury","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.01.021","article-title":"Peripheral inflammatory cytokines and immune balance in Generalised Anxiety Disorder: case-controlled study","author":"Hou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.08.051","article-title":"NGF and BDNF expression in mouse DRG after spared nerve injury","author":"Terada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2008.05.005","article-title":"Facilitated neurotrophin release in sensitized human skin","author":"Paterson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2009.06.012","article-title":"Central Sensitization: A Generator of Pain Hypersensitivity by Central Neural Plasticity","author":"Latremoliere","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2013.01.018","article-title":"Interleukin-10 down-regulates voltage gated sodium channels in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons","author":"Shen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11100","article-title":"Calcium imaging reveals glial involvement in transcranial direct current stimulation-induced plasticity in mouse brain","author":"Monai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2008.06.004","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation: state of the art 2008","volume":"1","author":"Nitsche","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2015.12.018","article-title":"A systematic review of the clinical efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in psychiatric disorders","author":"Kekic","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.12.047","article-title":"Voluntary exercise produces antidepressant and anxiolytic behavioral effects in mice","author":"Duman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2011.10.015","article-title":"Treadmill running frequency on anxiety and hippocampal adenosine receptors density in adult and middle-aged rats","author":"Costa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacology Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20634","article-title":"Voluntary exercise induces anxiety-like behavior in adult C57BL\/6J mice correlating with hippocampal neurogenesis","author":"Fuss","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.05.086","article-title":"The effects of chronic treadmill and wheel running on behavior in rats","author":"Burghardt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy093","article-title":"Frontal transcranial direct current stimulation induces dopamine release in the ventral striatum in human","author":"Fonteneau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2017.12.005","article-title":"Neurobiological mechanisms of antiallodynic effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in a mice model of neuropathic pain","volume":"1682","author":"Souza","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199520030-00004","article-title":"Exercise and brain neurotransmission","volume":"20","author":"Meeusen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Sport. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S195840","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with anxiety: Current perspectives","author":"Stein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0105","first-page":"377","volume":"8","author":"Kilkenny","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2020.02.025","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with exercise modulates the inflammatory profile and hyperalgesic response in rats subjected to a neuropathic pain model: long-term effects","author":"Lopes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.12.001","article-title":"Long-lasting effect of transcranial direct current stimulation in the reversal of Hyperalgesia and cytokine alterations induced by the neuropathic pain model","volume":"9","author":"Cioato","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(88)90209-6","article-title":"A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces d\u2026 [Pain. 1988] - PubMed result","volume":"33","author":"Bennett","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2015.11.012","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation improves short-term memory in an animal model of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"26","author":"Leffa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(99)00032-7","article-title":"Effect of physical exercise on seizure occurrence in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy in rats","volume":"37","author":"Arida","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.44","article-title":"The use of the elevated plus maze as an assay of anxiety-related behavior in rodents","author":"Walf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding","author":"Bradford","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2010.10.032","article-title":"Anxiety-like behavior in the elevated-plus maze tests and enhanced IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, NADPH oxidase-1, and iNOS mRNAs in the hippocampus during early stage of adjuvant arthritis in rats","author":"Skurlova","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-019-05356-3","article-title":"Anxiolytic effects of the novel \u03b12\u03b4 ligand mirogabalin in a rat model of chronic constriction injury, an experimental model of neuropathic pain","author":"Murasawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301590","article-title":"Usefulness of antidepressants for improving the neuropathic pain-like state and pain-induced anxiety through actions at different brain sites","author":"Matsuzawa-Yanagida","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aem087","article-title":"Mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in nerve-injured C57BL\/6J mice is not associated with fear-avoidance- and depression-related behaviour","author":"Hasnie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-007-1093-y","article-title":"Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on the excitability of the leg motor cortex","author":"Jeffery","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2019.00266","article-title":"Pre-stimulus brain activity is associated with state-anxiety changes during single-session transcranial direct current stimulation","author":"Nishida","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145714000686","article-title":"State dependent effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on methamphetamine craving","author":"Shahbabaie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2005.02.002","article-title":"Behavioral specificity of non-genomic glucocorticoid effects in rats: effects on risk assessment in the elevated plus-maze and the open-field","author":"Mikics","year":"2005","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2006.46","article-title":"Neurobiology of exercise","author":"Dishman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1113\/JP272738","article-title":"Systematic evaluation of the impact of stimulation intensity on neuroplastic after-effects induced by transcranial direct current stimulation","author":"Jamil","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf238","article-title":"Pharmacological approach to the mechanisms of transcranial DC-stimulation-induced after-effects of human motor cortex excitability","author":"Liebetanz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2019.02.014","article-title":"Ceasing exercise induces depression-like, anxiety-like, and impaired cognitive-like behaviours and altered hippocampal gene expression","author":"Morgan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2013.02.009","article-title":"Cessation of voluntary wheel running increases anxiety-like behavior and impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice","author":"Nishijima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2015.06.016","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) reverts behavioral alterations and brainstem BDNF level increase induced by neuropathic pain model: long-lasting effect","volume":"64","author":"Filho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacology Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2017.10.023","article-title":"Anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors are associated with altered hippocampal energy and inflammatory status in a mouse model of Crohn\u2019s disease","author":"Haj-Mirzaian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2017.03.025","article-title":"In vivo evaluation of the hippocampal glutamate, GABA and the BDNF levels associated with spatial memory performance in a rodent model of neuropathic pain","author":"Saffarpour","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0225","article-title":"Adult hippocampal neurogenesis along the dorsoventral axis contributes differentially to environmental enrichment combined with voluntary exercise in alleviating chronic inflammatory pain in mice","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2006.01.458","article-title":"Persistent pain produces stress-like alterations in hippocampal neurogenesis and gene expression","author":"Duric","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2013.04.005","article-title":"Effect of treadmill exercise on the BDNF-mediated pathway in the hippocampus of stressed rats","author":"Fang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2013.01.007","article-title":"Treadmill exercise induces age-related changes in aversive memory, Neuroinflammatory and epigenetic processes in the rat hippocampus","author":"Lovatel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.10.001","article-title":"Direct current stimulation modulates LTP and LTD: activity dependence and dendritic effects","author":"Kronberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22180","article-title":"Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation boosts synaptic plasticity and memory in mice via epigenetic regulation of Bdnf expression","volume":"6","author":"Podda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.03.035","article-title":"Direct current stimulation promotes BDNF-dependent synaptic plasticity: potential implications for motor learning","author":"Fritsch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2015.10.011","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) neuromodulatory effects on mechanical hyperalgesia and cortical BDNF levels in ovariectomized rats","volume":"145","author":"Da Silva Moreira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-015-4212-1","article-title":"Exogenously induced brain activation regulates neuronal activity by top-down modulation: conceptualized model for electrical brain stimulation","volume":"233","author":"Spezia Adachi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2012.10.009","article-title":"Reversal of chronic stress-induced pain by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in an animal model","volume":"1489","author":"Spezia Adachi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2019.112024","article-title":"Peripheral anti-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-10 treatment mitigates interleukin-1\u03b2 - induced anxiety and sickness behaviors in adult male rats","author":"Munshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.08.005","article-title":"Peripheral nerve injury triggers neuroinflammation in the medial prefrontal cortex and ventral Hippocampus in a subgroup of rats with coincident affective behavioural changes","author":"Fiore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2017.10.007","article-title":"Adult hippocampal neurogenesis in neuropathic pain and alkyl glycerol ethers treatment","author":"Tyrtyshnaia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Histochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2008.02.004","article-title":"IL-10 modulates depressive-like behavior","author":"Mesquita","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2015.03.001","article-title":"Interleukin-10 levels in rat models of nerve damage and neuropathic pain","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0300","article-title":"Role of IL-10 in resolution of inflammation and functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury","author":"Mietto","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000001600","article-title":"Exercise combined with ultrasound attenuates neuropathic pain in rats associated with downregulation of IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1, but with upregulation of IL-10","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e31824c4ed4","article-title":"Exercise training attenuates neuropathic pain and cytokine expression after chronic constriction injury of rat sciatic nerve","volume":"114","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.07.075","article-title":"Neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects of low-intensity aerobic exercise on sciatic nerve crush injury in mice","volume":"194","author":"Bobinski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000268","article-title":"Early increasing-intensity treadmill exercise reduces neuropathic pain by preventing nociceptor collateral sprouting and disruption of chloride cotransporters homeostasis after peripheral nerve injury","volume":"156","author":"L\u00f3pez-\u00c1lvarez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00164-X","article-title":"Effect of NGF and anti-NGF on neuropathic pain in rats following chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve","author":"Ro","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-009-9430-2","article-title":"Intrathecal NGF administration reduces reactive astrocytosis and changes neurotrophin receptors expression pattern in a rat model of neuropathic pain","author":"Cirillo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-009-9950-7","article-title":"Nerve growth factor of red nucleus involvement in pain induced by spared nerve injury of the rat sciatic nerve","author":"Jing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.07.007","article-title":"Repeated intramuscular injections of nerve growth factor induced progressive muscle hyperalgesia, facilitated temporal summation, and expanded pain areas","author":"Hayashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0345","article-title":"Short-term swimming exercise attenuates the sensitization of dorsal horn neurons in rats with NGF-induced low back pain","author":"de Azambuja","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pain (United Kingdom)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/01.j.pain.0000460339.23976.12","article-title":"Exercise therapy normalizes BDNF upregulation and glial hyperactivity in a mouse model of neuropathic pain","author":"Almeida","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2008.04.004","article-title":"BDNF as a pain modulator","author":"Merighi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2308-08.2008","article-title":"Up-regulation of P2X4 receptors in spinal microglia after peripheral nerve injury mediates BDNF release and neuropathic pain","author":"Ulmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23527","article-title":"Overexpression of P2X4 receptor in Schwann cells promotes motor and sensory functional recovery and remyelination via BDNF secretion after nerve injury","author":"Su","year":"2019","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2018.00534","article-title":"A review of acute aerobic exercise and transcranial direct current stimulation effects on cognitive functions and their potential synergies","volume":"12","author":"Steinberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Behavioural Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166432821000607?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166432821000607?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T21:17:18Z","timestamp":1777497438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0166432821000607"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":74,"alternative-id":["S0166432821000607"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173","relation":{},"ISSN":["0166-4328"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0166-4328","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"tDCS and exercise improve anxiety-like behavior and locomotion in chronic pain rats via modulation of neurotrophins and inflammatory mediators","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Behavioural Brain Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113173","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"113173"}}