{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T21:48:23Z","timestamp":1792705703926,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022819","name":"Chengdu Sport University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022819","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82472611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82472611"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behavioural Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T16:26:51Z","timestamp":1770395211000},"page":"116084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Non-pharmacotherapy for craving in methamphetamine use disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"504","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5704-968X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jisheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhicheng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xulin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guosi","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2021.113795","article-title":"Neurotoxicity of methamphetamine: main effects and mechanisms","volume":"344","author":"Jayanthi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2014.08.003","article-title":"Methamphetamine: an update on epidemiology, pharmacology, clinical phenomenology, and treatment literature","volume":"143","author":"Courtney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib3","unstructured":"United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC),\u00a0World Drug Report 2024,\u00a0Retrieved from United Nations,\u00a02024."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.0246","article-title":"Neurobiology, Clinical Presentation, and Treatment of Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Review","volume":"77","author":"Paulus","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.001","article-title":"Barriers to accessing methamphetamine treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"168","author":"Cumming","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108060","article-title":"Non-pharmacological interventions for methamphetamine use disorder: a systematic review","volume":"212","author":"AshaRani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1177\/10998004221122522","article-title":"Psychological effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on individuals with methamphetamine use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biol. Res Nurs."},{"issue":"06","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib8","first-page":"53","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the effects of Tai Chi on physical fitness and psychological intervention in ATS-dependent patients of different genders","volume":"57","author":"Zhicheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"China Sports Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-052120-012811","article-title":"Health-related quality of life measurement in public health","volume":"43","author":"Kaplan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annu Rev. Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2385","article-title":"The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations","volume":"162","author":"Hutton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2017047","article-title":"Network meta-analysis: application and practice using Stata","volume":"39","author":"Shim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib13","unstructured":"T.M. Palmer, J.A.C. SterneMeta-Analysis in Stata: An Updated Collection from the Stata Journal2015."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1167","article-title":"Automated generation of node-splitting models for assessment of inconsistency in network meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"van Valkenhoef","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res Synth. Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003082","article-title":"CINeMA: an approach for assessing confidence in the results of a network meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Nikolakopoulou","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-075847","article-title":"Effect of exercise for depression: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"384","author":"Noetel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00236-9","article-title":"Brain disease model of addiction: why is it so controversial?","volume":"2","author":"Volkow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.05.022","article-title":"Imaging dopamine's role in drug abuse and addiction","author":"Volkow","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropharmacol. 56 Suppl. 1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apha.2016.01.002","article-title":"Impulsivity, Stimulant Abuse, and Dopamine Receptor Signaling","volume":"76","author":"London","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00999","article-title":"Effects of exercise on depression, anxiety, cognitive control, craving, physical fitness and quality of life in methamphetamine-dependent patients","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12788","article-title":"The neurobiological mechanisms of physical exercise in methamphetamine addiction","volume":"24","author":"Morais","year":"2018","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1080\/1354750X.2022.2049367","article-title":"Dopaminergic and glutamatergic biomarkers disruption in addiction and regulation by exercise: a mini review","volume":"27","author":"Abdullah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2021.173210","article-title":"Voluntary exercise as a treatment for incubated and expanded drug craving leading to relapse to addiction: Animal models","volume":"208","author":"Carroll","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharm. Biochem Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib24","article-title":"Effects of acute moderate- and high-intensity aerobic exercise on oxygenation in prefrontal cortex of male methamphetamine-dependent patients","volume":"13","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a039628","article-title":"Neural substrates and circuits of drug addiction","volume":"11","author":"Feltenstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib26","article-title":"Physical exercise prevented stress-induced anxiety via improving brain RNA methylation","volume":"9","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0174-x","article-title":"Physical activity and muscle-brain crosstalk","volume":"15","author":"Pedersen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib28","article-title":"Effect of Natural Rewards on Substance Use Disorder: An Incentive Sensitization Perspective","author":"Zheng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.20221022","article-title":"Converging Evidence for Frontopolar Cortex as a Target for Neuromodulation in Addiction Treatment","volume":"181","author":"Soleimani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-023-01776-0","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of neuromodulation therapies for substance use disorders","volume":"49","author":"Mehta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2025.103862","article-title":"Contralateral prefrontal and network engagement during left DLPFC 10 Hz rTMS: an interleaved TMS-fMRI study in healthy adults","volume":"48","author":"van Hattem","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.117149","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain stimulation, and other forms of neuromodulation for substance use disorders: Review of modalities and implications for treatment","volume":"418","author":"Mahoney","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.904252","article-title":"Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with methamphetamine use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of double-blind randomized controlled trials","volume":"13","author":"Chang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13452","article-title":"Multiple comparison of different noninvasive brain stimulation and pharmacologic interventions in patients with methamphetamine use disorders: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"76","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.32598\/bcn.2021.1929.1","article-title":"The effect of different transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) protocols on drug craving and cognitive functions in methamphetamine addicts","volume":"13","author":"Rezvanian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-022-01935-9","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in outpatients with substance use disorder: evolution over time and associated factors","volume":"20","author":"Simirea","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2021.08.010","article-title":"Understanding stimulant use and use disorders in a new era","volume":"106","author":"Ciccarone","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Clin. North Am."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.01.011","article-title":"Exercise-activated hepatic autophagy via the FN1-\u03b15\u03b21 integrin pathway drives metabolic benefits of exercise","volume":"35","author":"Kuramoto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.997960","article-title":"Effects of moderate-intensity exercise on social health and physical and mental health of methamphetamine-dependent individuals: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s11673-017-9784-y","article-title":"Stigma and self-stigma in addiction","volume":"14","author":"Matthews","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Bioeth. Inq."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-018-0180-x","article-title":"Drug addiction: a curable mental disorder?","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.034","article-title":"Acupuncture for substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"163","author":"Grant","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."}],"container-title":["Behavioural Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166432826000604?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166432826000604?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T16:43:39Z","timestamp":1779813819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0166432826000604"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0166432826000604"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084","relation":{},"ISSN":["0166-4328"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0166-4328","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Non-pharmacotherapy for craving in methamphetamine use disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Behavioural Brain Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116084","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116084"}}