{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T04:59:35Z","timestamp":1776142775138,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005412","name":"Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SCU.SB1403.12464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCU.SB1403.12464"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behavioural Brain Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T06:56:58Z","timestamp":1774767418000},"page":"116196","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Astrocyte-derived exosomes in cognitive recovery: A comparative assessment of neurobehavioral, molecular, and electrophysiological dimensions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"507","author":[{"given":"Elham","family":"Hoveizi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azam","family":"Karimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lotfollah","family":"Khajehpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zohreh","family":"Ghotbeddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Pyecroft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2009.00781.x","article-title":"The rat as an animal model of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"13","author":"Benedikz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00201","article-title":"Brain stimulation in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"9","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2018.03.036","article-title":"Transplanted neural-like cells improve memory and Alzheimer-like pathology in a rat model","volume":"20","author":"Hoveizi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1392-5","article-title":"Nucleus basalis of Meynert revisited: anatomy, history and differential involvement in Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"129","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4124","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23415","article-title":"Cholinergic circuitry of the human nucleus basalis and its fate in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"521","author":"Mesulam","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-023-07114-y","article-title":"The effects of different acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on EEG patterns in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review","volume":"45","author":"Arjmandi-Rad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib7","article-title":"Electroencephalogram and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: clinical and research approaches","volume":"2014","author":"Tsolaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Alzheimer\u2019S. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib8","article-title":"Comparison of the efficiency of ultrafiltration, precipitation, and ultracentrifugation methods for exosome isolation","volume":"38","author":"Ansari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8S","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270006288734","article-title":"Pharmacology of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors for combination therapy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"46","author":"Geerts","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22031273","article-title":"The cholinergic system, the adrenergic system and the neuropathology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"22","author":"Bekdash","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.32604\/biocell.2022.017248","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells: as a multi-target cell therapy for clearing \u03b2-amyloid deposition in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"46","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biocell"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11040600","article-title":"Alternative targets to fight Alzheimer\u2019s disease: focus on astrocytes","volume":"11","author":"Valenza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13630","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232113630","article-title":"Astrocytes as a therapeutic target in alzheimer\u2019s disease\u2013comprehensive review and recent developments","volume":"23","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Giraldo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10572","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231810572","article-title":"Glial cell-mediated neuroinflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"23","author":"Al-Ghraiybah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3921","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S466821","article-title":"Unveiling the complex role of exosomes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-019-1358-y","article-title":"The functions and clinical application potential of exosomes derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells: a comprehensive review","volume":"10","author":"Hong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222-023-00064-2","article-title":"Stem cell-derived exosome versus stem cell therapy","volume":"1","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Bioeng."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3390\/mps5050077","article-title":"Sequential isolation of microglia and astrocytes from young and aged adult mouse brains for downstream transcriptomic analysis","volume":"5","author":"Buenaventura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Methods Protoc."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10196","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27689","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells derived beta cell precursors on a nanofibrous scaffold: an approach to treat diabetes mellitus","volume":"234","author":"Hoveizi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309240","article-title":"The protective effect of DMI on hippocampus EEG, behavioral and biochemical parameters in hypoxia-induced seizure on neonatal period","volume":"19","author":"Nazarizadeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib21","first-page":"6135","article-title":"Identification and analysis of exosomes secreted from macrophages extracted by different methods","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Pathol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02384-9","article-title":"Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their derived exosomes resolve doxorubicin-induced chemobrain: critical role of their miRNA cargo","volume":"12","author":"El-Derany","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0147360","article-title":"Surface phosphatidylserine is responsible for the internalization on microvesicles derived from hypoxia-induced human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into human endothelial cells","volume":"11","author":"Wei","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"131","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib24","article-title":"Sample preparation and imaging of exosomes by transmission electron microscopy","author":"Jung","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp. JoVE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.105689","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of adipose tissue mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes with conditioned media on neutrophil function and apoptosis","volume":"74","author":"Mahmoudi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1550280","article-title":"The role of natural exosomes from SHED-MSC in immunoregulation of M0\/M1 polarized macrophage cells","volume":"16","author":"Fallah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.8266","article-title":"Co-administration of sub-effective doses of the constituents of Crocus sativus L. crocins with those of the antipsychotics clozapine and risperidone counteract memory deficits caused by blockade of the NMDA receptor in rats","author":"Vartzoka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib28","article-title":"Role of the cholinergic muscarinic receptors of the CA1 area in the memory impairment induced by iron oxide nanoparticle in adult male rats","volume":"6","author":"Karimi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nanomed. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-025-02456-y","article-title":"The effects of neural stem cell-derived exosomes in the improvement of passive avoidance memory: a behavioral, molecular, and electrophysiological study in adult male wistar rats","volume":"76","author":"Karimi","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2024.01.047","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease current therapies, novel drug delivery systems and future directions for better disease management","volume":"367","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa012","article-title":"Basal forebrain volume reliably predicts the cortical spread of Alzheimer\u2019s degeneration","volume":"143","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Cabello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.34172\/icnj.2021.15","article-title":"Effect of nucleus basalis magnocellularis lesions on memory and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor, il-1\u03b2, glucose, and corticosterone levels in adult rats","volume":"8","author":"Hosseini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Neurosci. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-020-00613-6","article-title":"EEG alpha reactivity and cholinergic system integrity in Lewy body dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"12","author":"Schumacher","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alzheimer's. Res. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17915","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-74780-9","article-title":"Electrophysiological correlates of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism","volume":"10","author":"Roy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9040930","article-title":"Astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles regulate dendritic complexity through miR-26a-5p activity","volume":"9","author":"Luarte","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108829","article-title":"Astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles promote synapse formation via fibulin-2-mediated TGF-\u03b2 signaling","volume":"34","author":"Patel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196_bib37","first-page":"2024","article-title":"Endocytic BDNF secretion through extracellular vesicle-dependent secretory pathways in astrocytes","author":"Han","year":"2024","journal-title":"bioRxiv"}],"container-title":["Behavioural Brain Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166432826001725?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0166432826001725?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T04:31:04Z","timestamp":1776141064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0166432826001725"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S0166432826001725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196","relation":{},"ISSN":["0166-4328"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0166-4328","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Astrocyte-derived exosomes in cognitive recovery: A comparative assessment of neurobehavioral, molecular, and electrophysiological dimensions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Behavioural Brain Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbr.2026.116196","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116196"}}