{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:20:57Z","timestamp":1791199257908,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]],"date-time":"2007-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1175385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,20]],"date-time":"2006-09-20T11:42:19Z","timestamp":1158752539000},"page":"911-922","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: Past, present and future"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"De Clercq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/323464a0","article-title":"A novel selective broad-spectrum anti-DNA virus agent","volume":"323","author":"De Clercq","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1126\/science.200.4341.563","article-title":"(S)-9-(2,3-Dihydroxypropyl)adenine: an aliphatic nucleoside analog with broad spectrum antiviral activity","volume":"200","author":"De Clercq","year":"1978","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1038\/272583a0","article-title":"9-(2-Hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine activity against viruses of the herpes group","volume":"272","author":"Schaeffer","year":"1978","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5716","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.74.12.5716","article-title":"Selectivity of action of an antiherpetic agent-9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine","volume":"74","author":"Elion","year":"1977","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1021\/jm00381a004","article-title":"Alkyl esters of 3-adenin-9-yl-2-hydroxypropanoic acid: a new class of broad-spectrum antiviral agents","volume":"28","author":"De Clercq","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-3542(87)80004-9","article-title":"Antiviral activity of phosphonylmethoxyalkyl derivatives of purine and pyrimidines","volume":"8","author":"De Clercq","year":"1987","journal-title":"Antivir Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro975","article-title":"Antivirals and antiviral strategies","volume":"2","author":"De Clercq","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1877","article-title":"Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: a key class of antiviral drugs","volume":"4","author":"De Clercq","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890450221","article-title":"Successful treatment of a squamous papilloma of the hypopharynx\u2013esophagus by local injections of (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine","volume":"45","author":"Van Cutsem","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199803)54:3<219::AID-JMV13>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Treatment of severe laryngeal papillomatosis with intralesional injections of cidofovir [(S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine]","volume":"54","author":"Snoeck","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.125.10.1143","article-title":"Intralesional cidofovir for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in children","volume":"125","author":"Pransky","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.100534","article-title":"Large plantar wart caused by human papillomavirus-66 and resolution by topical cidofovir therapy","volume":"43","author":"Davis","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1997.03890440061010","article-title":"Resolution of recalcitrant molluscum contagiosum virus lesions in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients treated with cidofovir","volume":"133","author":"Meadows","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1084","article-title":"A case of human orf in an immunocompromised patient treated successfully with cidofovir cream","volume":"64","author":"Geerinck","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021812","article-title":"Adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B","volume":"348","author":"Hadziyannis","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020681","article-title":"Adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B","volume":"348","author":"Marcellin","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042957","article-title":"Long-term therapy with adefovir dipivoxil for HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B","volume":"352","author":"Hadziyannis","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051214","article-title":"Variant of hepatitis B virus with primary resistance to adefovir","volume":"354","author":"Schildgen","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.2.332","article-title":"Differential antiherpesvirus and antiretrovirus effects of the (S) and (R) enantiomers of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: potent and selective in vitro and in vivo antiretrovirus activities of (R)-9-(2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)-2,6-diaminopurine","volume":"37","author":"Balzarini","year":"1993","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1996.0234","article-title":"Activity of the (R)-enantiomers of 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)-adenine and 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)-2,6-diaminopurine against human immunodeficiency virus in different human cell systems","volume":"219","author":"Balzarini","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.7.1568","article-title":"Antiretroviral efficacy and pharmacokinetics of oral bis-(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine in mice","volume":"42","author":"Naesens","year":"1998","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.3.612","article-title":"Anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity and cellular metabolism of a potential prodrug of the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate 9-R-(2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)adenine (PMPA), bis(isopropyloxymethylcarbonyl)PMPA","volume":"42","author":"Robbins","year":"1998","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.1.1.21","article-title":"Potential of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates in the treatment of DNA virus and retrovirus infections","volume":"1","author":"De Clercq","year":"2003","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti-infect Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051871","article-title":"Tenofovir DF, emtricitabine, and efavirenz vs. zidovudine, lamivudine, and efavirenz for HIV","volume":"354","author":"Gallant","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200404090-00019","article-title":"Tenofovir-related nephrotoxicity in HIV-infected patients","volume":"18","author":"Barrios","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1086\/499048","article-title":"Tenofovir-associated acute and chronic kidney disease: a case of multiple drug interactions","volume":"42","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000138983.45235.02","article-title":"Renal dysfunction with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens is not observed more frequently: a cohort and case-control study","volume":"37","author":"Jones","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1086\/428840","article-title":"Changes in renal function associated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate treatment, compared with nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor treatment","volume":"40","author":"Gallant","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200206140-00008","article-title":"Tenofovir DF in antiretroviral-experienced patients: results from a 48-week, randomized, double-blind study","volume":"16","author":"Schooley","year":"2002","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-5_Part_1-200309020-00006","article-title":"Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in nucleoside-resistant HIV-1 infection: a randomized trial","volume":"139","author":"Squires","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200404300-00019","article-title":"Renal safety of tenofovir in HIV treatment-experienced patients","volume":"18","author":"Izzedine","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1086\/378068","article-title":"Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate","volume":"37","author":"Gallant","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200206140-00004","article-title":"Genotypic and phenotypic analyses of HIV-1 in antiretroviral-experienced patients treated with tenofovir DF","volume":"16","author":"Margot","year":"2002","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib34","first-page":"22","article-title":"K65R, TAMs and tenofovir","volume":"6","author":"Miller","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5239.1197","article-title":"Prevention of SIV infection in macaques by (R)-9-(2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine","volume":"270","author":"Tsai","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9771","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.20.9771-9775.2000","article-title":"Efficacy of post-exposure prophylaxis after intravaginal exposure of pig-tailed macaques to a human-derived retrovirus (human immunodeficiency virus type 2)","volume":"74","author":"Otten","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1086\/322781","article-title":"Two low doses of tenofovir protect newborn macaques against oral simian immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"184","author":"Van Rompay","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib38","series-title":"Proceedings of the 12th conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections","first-page":"113","article-title":"Chemoprophylaxis with oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate delays but does not prevent infection in rhesus macaques given repeated rectal challenges of SHIV","author":"Subbarao","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib39","series-title":"Proceedings of the 13th conference on retroviruses and opportunities infections","first-page":"61","article-title":"Prevention of rectal SHIV transmission in macaques by tenofovir\/FTC combination","author":"Garcia-Lerma","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000210608.70762.c3","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of tenofovir vaginal gel in abstinent and sexually active HIV-infected and uninfected women","volume":"20","author":"Mayer","year":"2006","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1086\/381784","article-title":"Genotypic and phenotypic predictors of the magnitude of response to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate treatment in antiretroviral-experienced patients","volume":"189","author":"Miller","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib42","series-title":"Proceedings of the 13th conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections","first-page":"102","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of tenofovir, abacavir, and lamivudine resistance by the K70E mutation in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase","author":"Sluis-Cremer","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.3.1395-1400.2005","article-title":"Diminished replicative fitness of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates harboring the K65R mutation","volume":"43","author":"Weber","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21055","article-title":"Anti-hepatitis B virus efficacy of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in HIV-infected patients","volume":"43","author":"Benhamou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350501000507","article-title":"Cross-resistance testing of next-generation nucleoside and nucleotide analogues against lamivudine-resistant HBV","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib46","series-title":"Proceedings of the 12th conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections","first-page":"109","article-title":"Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate is not inferior to adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of hepatitis B virus in subjects who are co-infected with HIV: results of ACTG A5127","author":"Peters","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2471","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00138-06","article-title":"Intracellular metabolism and in vitro activity of tenofovir against hepatitis B virus","volume":"50","author":"Delaney","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350501000612","article-title":"Selection of hepatitis B virus polymerase mutations in HIV-coinfected patients treated with tenofovir","volume":"10","author":"Sheldon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1081\/NCN-200059772","article-title":"Antiviral potential of a new generation of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates, the 6-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)alkoxy]-2,4-diaminopyrimidines","volume":"24","author":"De Clercq","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.3.1010-1016.2005","article-title":"Antiadenovirus activities of several classes of nucleoside and nucleotide analogues","volume":"49","author":"Naesens","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.3.1177-1180.2005","article-title":"Novel acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues with potent anti-hepatitis B virus activities","volume":"49","author":"Ying","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5056","DOI":"10.1021\/ja043045z","article-title":"Deoxythreosyl phosphonate nucleosides as selective anti-HIV agents","volume":"127","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib53","series-title":"Proceedings of the 13th conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections","first-page":"66","article-title":"GS9148: a novel nucleotide active against HIV-1 variants with drug resistance mutations in reverse transcriptase","author":"Cihlar","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2642","DOI":"10.1021\/jo00008a013","article-title":"Regiospecific and highly stereoselective electrophilic addition to furanoid glycals: synthesis of phosphonate nucleotide analogues wit potent activity against HIV","volume":"56","author":"Kim","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Org Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.5.1898-1906.2005","article-title":"Selective intracellular activation of a novel prodrug of the human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase inhibitor tenofovir leads to preferential distribution and accumulation in lymphatic tissue","volume":"49","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"}],"container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295206005855?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295206005855?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T15:29:48Z","timestamp":1707233388000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006295206005855"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0006295206005855"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.09.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-2952"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-2952","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]}}}