{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T07:09:03Z","timestamp":1790492943713,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,5]],"date-time":"2007-12-05T09:48:06Z","timestamp":1196848086000},"page":"1426-1437","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Flavonoids diosmetin and luteolin inhibit midazolam metabolism by human liver microsomes and recombinant CYP 3A4 and CYP3A5 enzymes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Luigi","family":"Quintieri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Palatini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Nassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Ruzza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maura","family":"Floreani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1081\/DMR-120001392","article-title":"Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data","volume":"34","author":"Rendic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.1","article-title":"Cytochrome P-450 3A4: regulation and role in drug metabolism","volume":"39","author":"Guengerich","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.104.001313","article-title":"Evidence of significant contribution from CYP3A5 to hepatic drug metabolism","volume":"32","author":"Huang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1038\/86882","article-title":"Sequence diversity in CYP3A promoters and characterization of the genetic basis of polymorphic CYP3A5 expression","volume":"27","author":"Kuehl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.62.1.162","article-title":"Co-regulation of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 and contribution to hepatic and intestinal midazolam metabolism","volume":"62","author":"Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3248S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.10.3248S","article-title":"Overview of dietary flavonoids: nomenclature, occurrence and intake","volume":"133","author":"Beecher","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.08.182","article-title":"Herbal remedies in the United States: potential adverse interactions with anticancer agents","volume":"22","author":"Sparreboom","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01472-8","article-title":"The effects of plant flavonoids on mammalian cells: implications for inflammation, heart disease, and cancer","volume":"52","author":"Middleton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7258(02)00298-X","article-title":"The biochemistry and medical significance of the flavonoids","volume":"96","author":"Havsteen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(95)02227-9","article-title":"Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids","volume":"20","author":"Rice-Evans","year":"1996","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2797(01)00285-X","article-title":"Flavonoids\u2014potent and versatile biologically active compounds interacting with cytochromes P450","volume":"139","author":"Hodek","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2004.01.001","article-title":"Flavonoids: antioxidants or signalling molecules?","volume":"36","author":"Williams","year":"2004","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2005.06.048","article-title":"Dietary flavonoids: effects on xenobiotic and carcinogen metabolism","volume":"20","author":"Moon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol In Vitro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3109\/03602539409029789","article-title":"Role of human cytochrome P-450s in the metabolic activation of chemical carcinogens and toxins","volume":"26","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1994","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(99)00215-2","article-title":"Bioflavonoids: selective substrates and inhibitors for cytochrome P450 CYP1A and CYP1B1","volume":"144","author":"Doostdar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1995.1010","article-title":"Heterogenous effects of natural flavonoids on monooxygenase activities in human and rat liver microsomes","volume":"130","author":"Siess","year":"1995","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib17","first-page":"137","article-title":"Human cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) mediated midazolam metabolism: the effect of assay conditions and regioselective stimulation by alpha-naphthoflavone, terfenadine and testosterone","volume":"8","author":"M\u00e4enp\u00e4\u00e4","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacogenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1067\/mcp.2000.105756","article-title":"Lack of correlation between in vitro and in vivo studies on the effects of tangeretin and tangerin juice on midazolam hydroxylation","volume":"67","author":"Backman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.2165\/00129784-200404050-00002","article-title":"Interaction between grapefruit juice and cardiovascular drugs","volume":"4","author":"Bailey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Cardiovasc Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib20","first-page":"12","article-title":"Grapefruit juice and drug interaction. exploring mechanisms of this interaction and potential toxicity for certain drugs","volume":"61","author":"Bressler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geriatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib21","first-page":"1228","article-title":"Mechanisms of enhanced oral availability of CYP3A4 substrates by grapefruit constituents. Decreased enterocyte CYP3A4 concentration and mechanism-based inactivation by furanocoumarins","volume":"25","author":"Schmiedlin-Ren","year":"1997","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-200002000-00028","article-title":"Influence of dietary components on the gastrointestinal metabolism and transport of drugs","volume":"22","author":"Evans","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib23","first-page":"217","article-title":"Inhibition of human CYP3A4 activity by grapefruit flavonoids, furanocoumarins and related compounds","volume":"4","author":"Ho","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(01)00415-0","article-title":"Polyphenolics of Salvia\u2014a review","volume":"59","author":"Lu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2007.01.020","article-title":"Water and methanolic extracts of Salvia officinalis protect HepG2 cells from t-BHP induced oxidative damage","volume":"167","author":"Lima","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib26","first-page":"29","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of oral diosmin in healthy volunteers","volume":"30","author":"Cova","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200363010-00005","article-title":"Micronised purified flavonoid fraction: a review of its use in chronic venous insufficiency, venous ulcers and haemorrhoids","volume":"63","author":"Lyseng-Williamson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1177\/00033197050560i104","article-title":"Chronic venous insufficiency and the therapeutic effects of Daflon 500mg","volume":"56","author":"Bergan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-002-0543-5","article-title":"Diosmin pretreatment affects bioavailability of metronidazole","volume":"58","author":"Rajnarayana","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1999.00073.x","article-title":"CYP3A4 drug interactions: correlation of 10 in vitro probe substrates","volume":"48","author":"Kenworthy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4389","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(88)90622-3","article-title":"Characterization of midazolam metabolism using human hepatic microsomal fractions and hepatocytes in suspension obtained by perfusing whole human livers","volume":"37","author":"Fabre","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib32","first-page":"89","article-title":"Oxidation of midazolam and triazolam by human liver cytochrome P450IIIA4","volume":"36","author":"Kronbach","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018906614320","article-title":"Inhibition of human CYP3A catalyzed 1\u2032-hydroxy midazolam formation by ketoconazole, nifedipine, erythromycin, cimetidine, and nizatidine","volume":"11","author":"Wrighton","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1177\/00912700122012724","article-title":"Human drug metabolism and the cytochromes P450: application and relevance of in vitro models","volume":"41","author":"Venkatakrishnan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib35","first-page":"359","article-title":"A simple method for discriminating between full and partial inhibitors","volume":"16","author":"Palatini","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biochem Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib36","series-title":"Enzyme kinetics","author":"Segel","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1996.tb04251.x","article-title":"Midazolam hydroxylation by human liver microsomes in vitro: inhibition by fluoxetine, norfluoxetine, and by azole antifungal agents","volume":"36","author":"von Moltke","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib38","first-page":"940","article-title":"Inhibition and kinetics of cytochrome P4503A activity in microsomes from rat, human, and cDNA-expressed human cytochrome P450","volume":"24","author":"Ghosal","year":"1996","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.31.7.945","article-title":"Prediction of the in vivo interaction between midazolam and macrolides based on in vitro studies using human liver microsomes","volume":"31","author":"Ito","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.31.7.938","article-title":"In vitro metabolism of midazolam, triazolam, nifedipine, and testosterone by human liver microsomes and recombinant cytochromes P450: role of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5","volume":"31","author":"Patki","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1080\/00498250500489968","article-title":"Enzymatic characteristics of CYP3A5 and CYP3A4: a comparison of in vitro kinetic and drug\u2013drug interaction patterns","volume":"36","author":"Emoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.30.8.883","article-title":"Comparative metabolic capabilities of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7","volume":"30","author":"Williams","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/10408449209145319","article-title":"The human hepatic cytochromes P450 involved in drug metabolism","volume":"22","author":"Wrighton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Crit Rev Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(24)15274-9","article-title":"Inhibition of cytochrome P-450 3A (CYP3A) in human intestinal and liver microsomes: comparison of Ki values and impact of CYP3A5 expression","volume":"27","author":"Gibbs","year":"1999","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.61.3.495","article-title":"Midazolam oxidation by cytochrome P450 3A4 and active-site mutants: an evaluation of multiple binding sites and of the metabolic pathway that leads to enzyme inactivation","volume":"61","author":"Khan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib46","first-page":"185","article-title":"Sequences of intestinal and hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 cDNAs are identical","volume":"26","author":"Lown","year":"1998","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1081\/DMR-120018248","article-title":"Interactions of herbs with cytochrome P450","volume":"35","author":"Zhou","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-931555","article-title":"Influence of biotransformation of luteolin, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, 3\u2032,4\u2032-dihydroxyflavone and apigenin by cultured rat hepatocytes on antioxidative capacity and inhibition of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity","volume":"72","author":"Schlupper","year":"2006","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib49","first-page":"1157","article-title":"In vivo and in vitro glucuronidation of the flavonoid diosmetin in rats","volume":"21","author":"Boutin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.04.002","article-title":"The effect of quercetin phase II metabolism on its MRP1 and MRP2 inhibiting potential","volume":"74","author":"van Zanden","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295207007691?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295207007691?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T02:16:04Z","timestamp":1737598564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006295207007691"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0006295207007691"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-2952"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-2952","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}}}