{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:35:29Z","timestamp":1792427729283,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Government of Aragon"},{"name":"Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie","award":["749058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["749058"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,2]],"date-time":"2019-03-02T10:35:21Z","timestamp":1551522921000},"page":"299-307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The FICI paradigm: Correcting flaws in antimicrobial in vitro synergy screens at their inception"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"G\u00f3mara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Ram\u00f3n-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0005","first-page":"84","article-title":"Tackling drug-resistant infections globally: final report and recommendations","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2015.07.010","article-title":"Rethinking the antibiotic discovery paradigm","volume":"2","author":"Hancock","year":"2015","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0015","article-title":"A review on antibiotic resistance: alarm bells are ringing","volume":"9","author":"Zaman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky019","article-title":"Discovery and development of new antibacterial drugs: learning from experience?","volume":"73","author":"Jackson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2015.983077","article-title":"Clinical, economic and societal impact of antibiotic resistance","volume":"16","author":"Barriere","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2012.03823.x","article-title":"Interventional strategies and current clinical experience with carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"18","author":"Akova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01195-18","article-title":"Treatment of infections by OXA-48-producing enterobacteriaceae","volume":"62","author":"Stewart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0040","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Rapid Communication\u202f: Key changes to treatment of multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR\/RR-TB). 2018."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4609","article-title":"An analysis of the attrition of drug candidates from four major pharmaceutical companies","volume":"14","author":"Waring","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2201","article-title":"Drugs for bad bugs: confronting the challenges of antibacterial discovery","volume":"6","author":"Payne","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2014.09.016","article-title":"Drug repurposing and the prior art patents of competitors","volume":"19","author":"Sternitzke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2016.05.015","article-title":"Drug combination therapy increases successful drug repositioning","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.4761","article-title":"Repurposing drugs to fast-track therapeutic agents for the treatment of cryptococcosis","volume":"6","author":"Truong","year":"2018","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4184","article-title":"Identification of small-molecule inhibitors of Zika virus infection and induced neural cell death via a drug repurposing screen","volume":"22","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003996","article-title":"Selamectin is the avermectin with the best potential for Buruli ulcer treatment","volume":"9","author":"Scherr","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01696-12","article-title":"Anthelmintic avermectins kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including multidrug-resistant clinical strains","volume":"57","author":"Lim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030018","article-title":"Antifungal chemical compounds identified using a C. elegans pathogenicity assay","volume":"3","author":"Breger","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.09744.018","article-title":"The anti-tubercular drug delamanid as a potential oral treatment for visceral leishmaniasis","author":"Patterson","year":"2016","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00979-18","article-title":"Repurposing strategy of atorvastatin against Trypanosoma cruzi: in vitro monotherapy and combined therapy with benznidazole exhibits synergistic trypanocidal activity","volume":"62","author":"Araujo-Lima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-018-3227-5","article-title":"In vitro antibacterial effects of statins against bacterial pathogens causing skin infections","volume":"37","author":"Ko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.559","article-title":"Combinations of antibiotics and nonantibiotic drugs enhance antimicrobial efficacy","volume":"7","author":"Ejim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000296","article-title":"Infective endocarditis in adults: Diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, and management of complications: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association","volume":"132","author":"Baddour","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i3","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh050","article-title":"Augmentin \u00ae (amoxicillin\/clavulanate) in the treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infection: a review of the continuing development of an innovative antimicrobial agent","volume":"53","author":"White","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1038\/msb.2011.71","article-title":"Systematic exploration of synergistic drug pairs","volume":"7","author":"Cokol","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Syst. Biol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6561","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01158-15","article-title":"Carbapenems and Rifampin exhibit synergy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium abscessus","volume":"59","author":"Kaushik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34293","DOI":"10.1038\/srep34293","article-title":"Repurposing clinically approved cephalosporins for tuberculosis therapy","volume":"6","author":"Ram\u00f3n-Garc\u00eda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fux003","article-title":"From Nano to Micro: using nanotechnology to combat microorganisms and their multidrug resistance","volume":"41","author":"Natan","year":"2017","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)06847-4","article-title":"The search for synergy: a critical review from a response surface perspective","volume":"47","author":"Greco","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.149","article-title":"Analysis of drug combinations: current methodological landscape","volume":"3","author":"Foucquier","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res. Perspect."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00437-18","article-title":"The Continued Value of Disk Diffusion for Assessing Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Clinical Laboratories: Report from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Methods Development and Standardization Working Group","volume":"56","author":"Humphries","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2244","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01527-09","article-title":"Synergistic activities of three triazoles with caspofungin against Candida glabrata isolates determined by time-kill, etest, and disk diffusion methods","volume":"54","author":"Kiraz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01779-15","article-title":"Synergy of beta-lactams with vancomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: correlation of the disk diffusion and the checkerboard methods","volume":"54","author":"Sy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3861","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00474-11","article-title":"Synergistic drug combinations for tuberculosis therapy identified by a novel high-throughput screen","volume":"55","author":"Ram\u00f3n-Garc\u00eda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4678","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00497-10","article-title":"Synergy testing by etest, microdilution checkerboard, and time-kill methods for pan-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii","volume":"54","author":"Sopirala","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/49.2.345","article-title":"Comparison of Etest, chequerboard dilution and time-kill studies for the detection of synergy or antagonism between antifungal agents tested against Candida species","volume":"49","author":"Lewis","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.1.140-143.2005","article-title":"Synergy tests by E test and checkerboard methods of antimicrobial combinations against Brucella melitensis","volume":"43","author":"Orhan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.8.1914","article-title":"Comparison of three different in vitro methods of detecting synergy: time-kill, checkerboard, and E test","volume":"40","author":"White","year":"1996","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2011.05.003","article-title":"Detection of synergy using the combination of polymyxin B with either meropenem or rifampin against carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"70","author":"Pankey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2017.09.017","article-title":"In vitro interaction of ceftazidime\u2013avibactam in combination with different antimicrobials against KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates","volume":"65","author":"Gaibani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5166","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.12.5166-5168.2005","article-title":"In vitro synergy of daptomycin plus rifampin against Enterococcus faecium resistant to both linezolid and vancomycin","volume":"49","author":"Pankey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126479","article-title":"Three dimensional checkerboard synergy analysis of colistin, meropenem, tigecycline against multidrug-resistant clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates","volume":"10","author":"Stein","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1701881","article-title":"Efficient measurement and factorization of high-order drug interactions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"3","author":"Cokol","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/137.2.122","article-title":"A method for testing for synergy with any number of agents","volume":"137","author":"Berenbaum","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4124","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01121-14","article-title":"When does 2 plus 2 equal 5? A review of antimicrobial synergy testing","volume":"52","author":"Doern","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207983","article-title":"US Cystic Fibrosis Foundation and European Cystic Fibrosis Society consensus recommendations for the management of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in individuals with cystic fibrosis","volume":"71","author":"Floto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg301","article-title":"Synergy, antagonism, and what the chequerboard puts between them","volume":"52","author":"Odds","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(02)00473-X","article-title":"Comparison of methods of interpretation of checkerboard synergy testing","volume":"44","author":"Bonapace","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.3.613","article-title":"Reproducibility of the microdilution checkerboard method for antibiotic synergy","volume":"37","author":"Rand","year":"1993","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5104","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01230-13","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro synergy of polymyxins and carbapenems","volume":"57","author":"Zusman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0250","first-page":"785","article-title":"Cell viability assays","volume":"114","author":"Riss","year":"2013","journal-title":"Assay Guid. Man. [Internet]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(70)90174-0","article-title":"Turbidity measurements of bacterial cultures in some available commercial instruments","volume":"38","author":"Koch","year":"1970","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki477","article-title":"In vitro antibacterial activities of tigecycline in combination with other antimicrobial agents determined by chequerboard and time-kill kinetic analysis","volume":"57","author":"Petersen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.111.005769","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of antibacterial drugs","volume":"65","author":"Nielsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0270","series-title":"Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine","first-page":"330","article-title":"Antimicrobial combinations","author":"Eliopoulos","year":"1996"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600651104","article-title":"Comparative stability of cephalosporin in aqueous solution: kinetics and mechanisms of degradation","volume":"65","author":"Yamana","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-017-3140-3","article-title":"Evaluation of colistin stability in agar and comparison of four methods for MIC testing of colistin","volume":"37","author":"Turlej-Rogacka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2016.06.033","article-title":"Simultaneous determination and stability studies of linezolid, meropenem and vancomycin in bacterial growth medium by high-performance liquid chromatography","volume":"1028","author":"Wicha","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr., B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.22.5.743","article-title":"Synergism between aminoglycosides and cephalosporins with antipseudomonal activity: Interaction index and killing curve method","volume":"22","author":"Hallander","year":"1982","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/48.suppl_1.5","article-title":"Determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations","volume":"48","author":"Andrews","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00177-08","article-title":"Prevention of drug carryover effects in studies assessing antimycobacterial efficacy of TMC207","volume":"46","author":"Lounis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6521","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00803-15","article-title":"Rapid, semiquantitative assay to discriminate among compounds with activity against replicating or nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"59","author":"Gold","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01951-10","article-title":"Rifampin stability in 7H9 broth and L\u00f6wenstein-Jensen medium","volume":"49","author":"Yu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.3.1.33","article-title":"Effect of assay medium on the antibacterial activity of certain penicillins and cephalosporins","volume":"3","author":"Pursiano","year":"1973","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2011.02.009","article-title":"The importance of using the optimal plasticware and glassware in studies involving peptides","volume":"414","author":"Goebel-Stengel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.302588","article-title":"The mycobacterial transcriptional regulator whiB7 gene links redox homeostasis and intrinsic antibiotic resistance","volume":"287","author":"Burian","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp434","article-title":"In vitro pharmacodynamic models to determine the effect of antibacterial drugs","volume":"65","author":"Gloede","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.05.026","article-title":"Correcting a fundamental flaw in the paradigm for antimicrobial susceptibility testing","volume":"20","author":"Ersoy","year":"2017","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0340","unstructured":"EUCAST. The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 8.1 [Internet]. 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.eucast.org."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2775","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx241","article-title":"Screening for synergistic activity of antimicrobial combinations against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae using inkjet printer-based technology","volume":"72","author":"Brennan-Krohn","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0012-2013","article-title":"In vitro activity of antimicrobial combinations against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"46","author":"Santos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp384","article-title":"Combination testing of multidrug-resistant cystic fibrosis isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: use of a new parameter, the susceptible breakpoint index","volume":"65","author":"Milne","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/15.suppl_A.131","article-title":"Two compartment kinetic model with multiple artificial capillary units","volume":"15","author":"Blaser","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0365","first-page":"007","article-title":"The hollow fiber infection model for antimicrobial pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics","volume":"S1","author":"Cadwell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ484","article-title":"Hollow fiber system model for tuberculosis: the European medicines agency experience","volume":"61","author":"Cavaleri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S105","DOI":"10.1086\/426190","article-title":"Levofloxacin-imipenem combination prevents the emergence of resistance among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"40","author":"Lister","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00246","article-title":"In vitro Pharmacokinetics\/pharmacodynamics evaluation of fosfomycin combined with amikacin or colistin against KPC2-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"7","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01909","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01909-17","article-title":"Repurposing and reformulation of the antiparasitic agent flubendazole for treatment of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis, a neglected fungal disease","volume":"62","author":"Nixon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2013.06.010","article-title":"PK\/PD models in antibacterial development","volume":"16","author":"Velkov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2017.09.009","article-title":"Use of Monte Carlo simulation and considerations for PK-PD targets to support antibacterial dose selection","volume":"36","author":"Trang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E37","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03752.x","article-title":"The role of pharmacokinetics\/pharmacodynamics in setting clinical MIC breakpoints: the EUCAST approach","volume":"18","author":"Mouton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2010.08.018","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo model systems to study microbial biofilm formation","volume":"83","author":"Coenye","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00101","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00101-18","article-title":"Combination of tedizolid and daptomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an in vitro model of simulated endocardial vegetations","volume":"62","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0415","first-page":"Doc17","article-title":"In vitro synergy of antibiotic combinations against planktonic and biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"12","author":"Ghorbani","year":"2017","journal-title":"GMS Hyg. Infect. Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1080\/1120009X.2017.1390633","article-title":"Investigation of the effects of various antibiotics against Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilms on in vitro catheter model","volume":"30","author":"Mataraci Kara","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Chemother."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.6.1771-1776.1999","article-title":"The calgary biofilm device: new technology for rapid determination of antibiotic susceptibilities of bacterial biofilms the calgary biofilm device: new technology for rapid determination of antibiotic susceptibilities of bacterial biofilms","volume":"37","author":"Ceri","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2006.11.010","article-title":"A new device for rapid evaluation of biofilm formation potential by bacteria","volume":"68","author":"Chavant","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"}],"container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295219300875?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295219300875?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T13:07:26Z","timestamp":1757768846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006295219300875"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"references-count":86,"alternative-id":["S0006295219300875"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-2952"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-2952","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The FICI paradigm: Correcting flaws in antimicrobial in vitro synergy screens at their inception","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biochemical Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.03.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}