{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T11:15:49Z","timestamp":1793099749141,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum Leipzig, Germany"},{"name":"Pharos University in Alexandria"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T18:55:31Z","timestamp":1570733731000},"page":"113665","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The role of \u03b17nAChR in controlling the anti-inflammatory\/anti-arthritic action of galantamine"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"170","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8674-8516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mennatallah A.","family":"Gowayed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Rothe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Rossol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed S.","family":"Attia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Baerwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8819-9891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanan S.","family":"El-Abhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rowaida","family":"Refaat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1393.013","article-title":"The inflammatory reflex and the role of complementary and alternative medical therapies","volume":"1172","author":"Oke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01321","article-title":"The inflammatory reflex","author":"Tracey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. London"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2009.31","article-title":"The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: towards innovative treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"5","author":"van Maanen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20052362","article-title":"Splenectomy inactivates the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway during lethal endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis","volume":"203","author":"Huston","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.06.011","article-title":"Brain acetylcholinesterase activity controls systemic cytokine levels through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway","volume":"23","author":"Pavlov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0030","unstructured":"M.A. van Maanen, Cholinergic nervous system as therapeutic approach for the treatment of arthritis, 2009."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040463","article-title":"Cholinergic stimulation blocks endothelial cell activation and leukocyte recruitment during inflammation","volume":"201","author":"Saeed","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.06.082","article-title":"Unexpected finding of a marked non-neuronal cholinergic system in human knee joint synovial tissue","volume":"442","author":"Grimsholm","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(99)00259-1","article-title":"Diversity of mRNA expression for muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in human mononuclear leukocytes and leukemic cell lines","volume":"266","author":"Sato","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.06.018","article-title":"Suppression of neuroinflammation and immunomodulation by the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine","volume":"203","author":"Nizri","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6681","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0902212","article-title":"Activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory system by nicotine attenuates neuroinflammation via suppression of Th1 and Th17 responses","volume":"183","author":"Nizri","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.12.003","article-title":"The immunosuppressive effects of nicotine during human mixed lymphocyte reaction","volume":"559","author":"Takahashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-011-1192-8","article-title":"Modulation of inflammatory pathways by the immune cholinergic system","volume":"45","author":"Nizri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.07.038","article-title":"Effect of galantamine on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats","volume":"764","author":"Gowayed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)01109-4","article-title":"Allosteric sensitization of nicotinic receptors by galantamine, a new treatment strategy for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"49","author":"Maelicke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2009.02266.x","article-title":"Cell specific synovial expression of nicotinic alpha 7 acetylcholine receptor in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis","volume":"70","author":"Westman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Scand. J. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.10.024","article-title":"Evaluation of the effect of losartan and methotrexate combined therapy in adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats","volume":"698","author":"Refaat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.30.5.553","article-title":"The metabolism and excretion of galantamine in rats, dogs, and humans","volume":"30","author":"Mannens","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5615","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0027-07.2007","article-title":"Nicotinic \u03b17 receptors as a new target for treatment of cannabis abuse","volume":"27","author":"Solinas","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.05.005","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of atorvastatin in a rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis","volume":"516","author":"Barsante","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(75)90274-4","article-title":"Effect of glutathione depletion on tissue deposition of methylmercury in rats","volume":"31","author":"Richardson","year":"1975","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27584","article-title":"2010 rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative","volume":"62","author":"Aletaha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1181","article-title":"Natural regulatory T cells in infectious disease","volume":"6","author":"Belkaid","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-02-002774","article-title":"Regulatory T cells in cancer","volume":"108","author":"Beyer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.162941","article-title":"T Regulatory lymphocytes prevent angiotensin ii\u2013induced hypertension and vascular injury","volume":"57","author":"Barhoumi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.03.008","article-title":"Impairment of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T-cells in autoimmune liver disease","volume":"41","author":"Longhi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R138","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2028","article-title":"Failure of catecholamines to shift T-cell cytokine responses toward a Th2 profile in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"8","author":"Wahle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reuma.2012.09.001","article-title":"Current therapies in rheumatoid arthritis: A Latin American perspective","volume":"9","author":"Burgos-Vargas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reumatol. Clin."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-008-0723-4","article-title":"Intracellular calcium responses to cholinergic stimulation of lymphocytes from healthy donors and patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"29","author":"Nast","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2007.01.025","article-title":"A CFSE based assay for measuring CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cell mediated suppression of auto-antigen specific and polyclonal T cell responses","volume":"322","author":"Venken","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Meth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2014.15","article-title":"Loss of estrogen-mediated immunoprotection underlies female gender bias in experimental Crohn\u2019s-like ileitis","author":"Goodman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1159\/000303050","article-title":"Defective circulating CD4CD25+ Foxp3+ CD127low regulatory T-cells in patients with chronic heart failure","volume":"25","author":"Tang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell. Physiol. Biochem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.70.6.849","article-title":"Modes of action of Freund\u2019s adjuvants in experimental models of autoimmune diseases","volume":"70","author":"Billiau","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.06.126","article-title":"Central sympathetic inhibition ameliorates joint pathology and shifts cytokines profiles in spleen but not joint draining lymph nodes in a model of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"49","author":"Lorton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)09068-6","article-title":"Blockade of nicotinic currents in hippocampal neurons defines methyllycaconitine as a potent and specific receptor antagonist","volume":"41","author":"Alkondon","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0180","series-title":"Ageing and Dementia Current and Future Concepts","first-page":"203","article-title":"Nicotinic receptor modulation: advantages for successful Alzheimer\u2019s disease therapy","author":"Geerts","year":"2002"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2011.00083","article-title":"Galantamine alleviates inflammation and other obesity-associated complications in high-fat diet-fed mice","volume":"17","author":"Satapathy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0190","first-page":"1727","article-title":"Effect of cholinesterase inhibitor galanthamine on circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha in rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced peritonitis","volume":"123","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J. (English Edition)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2011.150318","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory effects of sympathectomy in murine antigen-induced arthritis are associated with a reduction of Th1 and Th17 responses","volume":"71","author":"Ebbinghaus","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0200","first-page":"567","article-title":"Monophosphoryl lipid A as a prophylactic for sepsis and septic shock","volume":"392","author":"Gustafson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Prog. Clin. Biol. Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.01.006","article-title":"Linking oxidative stress to inflammation: Toll-like receptors","volume":"48","author":"Gill","year":"2010","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol. Med."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000034509.14906.AE","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokine concentrations are acutely increased by hyperglycemia in humans: role of oxidative stress","volume":"106","author":"Esposito","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes193","article-title":"Myeloperoxidase and oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"51","author":"Stamp","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152925","article-title":"Increased reactive oxygen species formation and oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"11","author":"Mateen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-009-8044-0","article-title":"Methanolic extract of Ruta graveolens L. inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress in adjuvant induced model of arthritis in rats","volume":"17","author":"Ratheesh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4595","DOI":"10.2174\/09298673113209990148","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of galantamine and some of its derivatives","volume":"20","author":"Tsvetkova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2010.00778.x","article-title":"Synergistic neuroprotective effect of combined low concentrations of galantamine and melatonin against oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells","volume":"49","author":"Romero","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pineal Res."},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-2003-5-613","article-title":"Antioxidant properties of galantamine hydrobromide","volume":"58","author":"Traykova","year":"2003","journal-title":"Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung C"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0245","series-title":"Seminars in Immunology","first-page":"424","article-title":"Two modes of immune suppression by Foxp3+ regulatory T cells under inflammatory or non-inflammatory conditions","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2011"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201041335","article-title":"Co-stimulation by dendritic cells maintains the peripheral pool of tregs","volume":"41","author":"Garbi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0255","first-page":"dxp095","article-title":"Regulatory T cells: how do they suppress immune responses?","author":"Sakaguchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R567","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1445","article-title":"Resistance to IL-10 inhibition of interferon gamma production and expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 in CD4+ T cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"6","author":"Yamana","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16717","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1112722108","article-title":"Resistance to regulatory T cell-mediated suppression in rheumatoid arthritis can be bypassed by ectopic foxp3 expression in pathogenic synovial T cells","volume":"108","author":"Beavis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.03.016","article-title":"Central role of defective interleukin-2 production in the triggering of islet autoimmune destruction","volume":"28","author":"Tang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1774","article-title":"Instability of the transcription factor Foxp3 leads to the generation of pathogenic memory T cells in vivo","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0811556106","article-title":"Heterogeneity of natural Foxp3+ T cells: a committed regulatory T-cell lineage and an uncommitted minor population retaining plasticity","volume":"106","author":"Komatsu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2775","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20499","article-title":"CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis: differences in the presence, phenotype, and function between peripheral blood and synovial fluid","volume":"50","author":"van Amelsfort","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"50","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19857","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0810713105","article-title":"The defect in T-cell regulation in NOD mice is an effect on the T-cell effectors","volume":"105","author":"D'Alise","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1564","article-title":"Myelin-specific regulatory T cells accumulate in the CNS but fail to control autoimmune inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Korn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12287","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.172382999","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 regulation of CD4+ C25+ T cell levels in NOD mice","volume":"99","author":"Wu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-010-1710-0","article-title":"The Th17\/Treg imbalance and cytokine environment in peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"32","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2007.01882.x","article-title":"The quantitative analysis of peripheral blood FOXP3-expressing T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"37","author":"Lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Invest."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3085","article-title":"Phosphorylation of FOXP3 controls regulatory T cell function and is inhibited by TNF-[alpha] in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Nie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-012-2365-9","article-title":"The effect of various disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs on the suppressive function of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells","volume":"33","author":"Oh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."}],"container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295219303648?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295219303648?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T13:07:33Z","timestamp":1757768853000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006295219303648"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S0006295219303648"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-2952"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-2952","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The role of \u03b17nAChR in controlling the anti-inflammatory\/anti-arthritic action of galantamine","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biochemical Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.113665","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"113665"}}