{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:13:10Z","timestamp":1789708390798,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82060335"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82060335"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004479","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20242BAB26159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20242BAB26159"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004479","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T23:15:02Z","timestamp":1769296502000},"page":"117752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Phosphate binders suppress glutaminase activity for treatment of cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy murine models"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"246","author":[{"given":"Ze-ning","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-xing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen-kai","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-long","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang-feng","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing-rong","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3818-0268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.12.022","article-title":"Hedgehog-YAP signaling pathway regulates glutaminolysis to control activation of hepatic stellate cells","volume":"154","author":"Du","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.03.021","article-title":"Intestinal glutaminase activity is increased in liver cirrhosis and correlates with minimal hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"41","author":"Romero-G\u00f3mez","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"9615","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60383-9","article-title":"Liver cirrhosis","volume":"371","author":"Schuppan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2019.12.006","article-title":"Increased glutaminolysis marks active scarring in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis progression","volume":"10","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA117.000444","article-title":"Glutaminolysis is required for transforming growth factor-\u03b21\u2013induced myofibroblast differentiation and activation","volume":"293","author":"Bernard","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0030","first-page":"1192","article-title":"Glutaminase and glutamine synthetase activities in human cirrhotic liver","volume":"52","author":"Matsuno","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0035","article-title":"Regulation of hepatic stellate cell proliferation and activation by glutamine metabolism","volume":"12","author":"Avila","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-005-7913-5","article-title":"Role of phosphate-activated glutaminase in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"20","author":"Romero-G\u00f3mez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20152","article-title":"Prognostic value of altered oral glutamine challenge in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"39","author":"Romero-G\u00f3mez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2012.112","article-title":"Ammonia-lowering strategies for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"92","author":"Rose","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1600561","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"375","author":"Wijdicks","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3587","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy: effects of liver failure on brain function","volume":"14","author":"Felipo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281-+","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-153-5-201009070-00002","article-title":"Variations in the promoter region of the glutaminase gene and the development of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis a cohort study","volume":"153","author":"Romero-G\u00f3mez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0912522","article-title":"Drug therapy: oral phosphate binders in patients with kidney failure","volume":"362","author":"Tonelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1159\/000046093","article-title":"Renal mineral handling in normal rats treated with sevelamer hydrochloride (Renagel), a noncalcemic phosphate binder","volume":"89","author":"Nagano","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2024.116121","article-title":"Sevelamer reverses liver fibrosis by deactivation of hepatic stellate cells","volume":"222","author":"Lv","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1112495109","article-title":"Mitochondrial localization and structure-based phosphate activation mechanism of Glutaminase C with implications for cancer metabolism","volume":"109","author":"Cassago","year":"2012","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2022.101564","article-title":"High-resolution structures of mitochondrial glutaminase C tetramers indicate conformational changes upon phosphate binding","volume":"298","author":"Nguyen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-024-00970-9","article-title":"Ammonia-induced stress response in liver disease progression and hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"21","author":"Gallego-Dur\u00e1n","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.02.015","article-title":"Serum ammonia levels do not correlate with overt hepatic encephalopathy severity in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis","volume":"22","author":"Bajaj","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.03.042","article-title":"Clearance and production of ammonia quantified in humans by constant ammonia infusion-the effects of cirrhosis and ammonia-targeting treatments","volume":"79","author":"Eriksen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2577","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.16156","article-title":"Emodin promotes hepatic stellate cell senescence and alleviates liver fibrosis via a nuclear receptor (Nur77)-mediated epigenetic regulation of glutaminase 1","volume":"180","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109787","article-title":"THDP17 decreases ammonia production through glutaminase inhibition. A new drug for hepatic encephalopathy therapy","volume":"9","author":"D\u00edaz-Herrero","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6\u20137","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2005.11.017","article-title":"Glutamine in the mechanism of ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling","volume":"48","author":"Jayakumar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14911","article-title":"2021 ISHEN guidelines on animal models of hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"41","author":"DeMorrow","year":"2021","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.07.013","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy: Novel insights into classification, pathophysiology and therapy","volume":"73","author":"Rose","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.11.019","article-title":"Ammonia produces pathological changes in human hepatic stellate cells and is a target for therapy of portal hypertension","volume":"64","author":"Jalan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado1648","article-title":"Hyperammonemia induces programmed liver cell death","volume":"11","author":"Kerbert","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-024-01503-x","article-title":"Ammonia-induced lysosomal and mitochondrial damage causes cell death of effector CD8+T cells","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-020-00549-8","article-title":"Astrocyte swelling in hepatic encephalopathy: molecular perspective of cytotoxic edema","volume":"35","author":"Sepehrinezhad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-023-00807-x","article-title":"Hepatic inflammatory responses in liver fibrosis","volume":"20","author":"Hammerich","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.06.012","article-title":"Immune mechanisms linking metabolic injury to inflammation and fibrosis in fatty liver disease - novel insights into cellular communication circuits","volume":"77","author":"Peiseler","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2003.10.016","article-title":"Systemic inflammatory response exacerbates the neuropsychological effects of induced hyperammonemia in cirrhosis","volume":"40","author":"Shawcross","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1418","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00633.2013","article-title":"Phosphate overload directly induces systemic inflammation and malnutrition as well as vascular calcification in uremia","volume":"306","author":"Yamada","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol."},{"issue":"44","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23058","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M116.731042","article-title":"Sevelamer improves steatohepatitis, inhibits liver and intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and reverses innate immune dysregulation in a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"291","author":"McGettigan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.25723","article-title":"Cirrhosis, bile acids and gut microbiota Unraveling a complex relationship","volume":"4","author":"Ridlon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.10.030","article-title":"Dysregulated bile acid signaling contributes to the neurological impairment in murine models of acute and chronic liver failure","volume":"37","author":"Xie","year":"2018","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00459.x","article-title":"Bile acid binding to sevelamer HCl","volume":"62","author":"Braunlin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Kidney Int."}],"container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295226000833?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295226000833?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T08:37:14Z","timestamp":1778056634000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006295226000833"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0006295226000833"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-2952"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-2952","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Phosphate binders suppress glutaminase activity for treatment of cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy murine models","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biochemical Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117752","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117752"}}