{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T21:08:13Z","timestamp":1788815293379,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001412","name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["File No. 09\/0013(12405)\/2021-EMR-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["File No. 09\/0013(12405)\/2021-EMR-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002742","name":"Banaras Hindu University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002742","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P-14\/0793"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P-14\/0793"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T23:13:35Z","timestamp":1786576415000},"page":"118355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"P2","title":["Naltrexone attenuates airway remodeling by modulating neuromediators and sensory ion channels in cigarette smoke-induced COPD pathophysiology"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"253","author":[{"family":"Soni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shalini","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atul","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak Kr","family":"Choudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pratikkumar","family":"Gaglani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Subhashini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.14218\/FIM.2023.00026","article-title":"A clinical review on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"3","author":"Suriyakumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Future Integr. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-024-01265-1","article-title":"Guggulsterone protects against cigarette smoke-induced COPD linked lung inflammation","volume":"82","author":"Kaur","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2925","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S523519","article-title":"Pathogenic cell in COPD: mechanisms of airway remodeling, immune dysregulation, and therapeutic implications","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Chronic Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00040703","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: molecular and cellularmechanisms","volume":"22","author":"Barnes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0025","article-title":"Small airway disease as a key factor in COPD: new perspectives and insights","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0030","first-page":"82","article-title":"Understanding structural changes in the respiratory tract in chronic disease","volume":"1","author":"Nasirova","year":"2025","journal-title":"Academic J. Sci. Technol. Educ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.2147\/JEP.S159124","article-title":"Airway remodeling disease: primary human structural cells and phenotypic and pathway assays to identify targets with potential to prevent or reverse remodeling","author":"Rosethorne","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3786","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043786","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"24","author":"Christopoulou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-011-9279-2","article-title":"Fibrotic response of tissue remodeling in COPD","volume":"189","author":"Salazar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lung"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0050","article-title":"Neuroimmune circuits in respiratory pathophysiology: decoding molecular crosstalk for precision therapeutic targeting","volume":"58","author":"Chen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.07.020","article-title":"Neuroimmune pathways regulating airway inflammation","volume":"131","author":"Trevizan-Bau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e41730","article-title":"Transient receptor potential channels in dental inflammation and pain perception: a comprehensive review","volume":"11","author":"Chantadul","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0065","article-title":"Neuro-immune regulation in inflammation and airway remodeling of allergic asthma","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.51585\/gjvr.2024.1.0070","article-title":"Current pharmacotherapeutic properties of low-dose naltrexone therapy in humans and possible therapeutic and prophylactic indications in cats and dogs","volume":"4","author":"Marangaloo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ger J. Vet. Res."},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6034","DOI":"10.2174\/138161212803582496","article-title":"Non-analgesic effects of opioids: mechanisms and potential clinical relevance of opioid-induced immunodepression","volume":"18","author":"Sacerdote","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Legan, J. A., & Gentry, J. (2025, February). Pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Comprehensive Review of Current Treatments and Future Directions. Medical Research Archives, [online] 13 (2).","DOI":"10.18103\/mra.v13i2.6328"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci6040082","article-title":"Low-dose naltrexone (LDN)\u2014review of therapeutic utilization","volume":"6","author":"Toljan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-020-00898-0","article-title":"Low-dose naltrexone for chronic pain: update and systemic review","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Pain Headache Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0095","article-title":"Glial cell type-specific changes in spinal dipeptidyl peptidase 4 expression and effects of its inhibitors in inflammatory and neuropatic pain","author":"Gerber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5699","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115699","article-title":"Infection-associated mechanisms of neuro-inflammation and neuro-immune crosstalk in chronic respiratory diseases","volume":"22","author":"Camp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2717","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13750","article-title":"Opioids and the immune system\u2013friend or foe","volume":"175","author":"Plein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2024.2418983","article-title":"Current and emerging opioids for the treatment of chronic cough: a mini review","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2025.111866","article-title":"Dual blockade of TLR-4 and mu-opioid receptor by very low-dose naltrexone prevents respiratory depression via modulating redox homeostasis and airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"134","author":"Soni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65493-4","article-title":"Induction of lung fibrosis in the mouse by intratracheal instillation of fluorescein isothiocyanate is not T-cell-dependent","volume":"155","author":"Christensen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.023","article-title":"Blocking \u03bc-opioid receptor by naltrexone exaggerates oxidative stress and airway inflammation via the MAPkinase pathway in a murine model of asthma","volume":"212","author":"Pandey","year":"2024","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2024.116689","article-title":"SIRT-2 inhibition by AK-7 orchestrates fibrotic cascades in airways through neuroimmune interaction via TRPA1, TRPM8 and TGF-\u03b2 signalling","volume":"232","author":"Yadav","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1404122","article-title":"Inhibiting SIRT-2 by AK-7 restrains airway inflammation and oxidative damage promoting lung resurgence through NF-kB and MAP kinase signaling pathway","volume":"15","author":"Yadav","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s40203-026-00584-w","article-title":"In silico evaluation of natural opioid ligands interaction and their therapeutic prospects in neuroinflammation","volume":"14","author":"Gaglani","year":"2026","journal-title":"In Silico Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-27543-1","article-title":"Potential of hydroethanolic leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum in ameliorating redox status and lung injury in COPD: an in vivo and in silico study","volume":"13","author":"Srivastava","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00036.2025","article-title":"Lung-innervating neurons in lung homeostasis and diseases","volume":"41","author":"Su","year":"2026","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70497","article-title":"Neuro\u2010IMMUNE CROSSTALK: MOLECULAR MECHANISMS, BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS, DISEASES, AND THERAPEUTIC TARGets","volume":"7","author":"Guo","year":"2026","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0165","article-title":"Inflammation mechanism and research progress of COPD","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-9-42","article-title":"Cigarette smoke enhances Th-2 driven airway inflammation and delays inhalational tolerance","volume":"9","author":"Van Hove","year":"2008","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3461","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.109261","article-title":"The lung-brain axis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-associated neurocognitive dysfunction: mechanistic insights and potential therapeutic options","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.64229\/85z3yy20","article-title":"Cortisol signaling in stress-induced pathophysiology: molecular mechanism and therapeutic implication","volume":"1","author":"Mustapha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Modern Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0185","article-title":"Neuroimmune interaction in inflammatory diseases","volume":"2","author":"Otmishi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Med. Circ. Respirat. Pulm. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azzoni, R., Perdijk, O., Harris, N. L., & Marsland, B. J. (2023). Neuroimmune interactions in the lung. Annual review of immunology, 42.","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-083122-042512"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202100437","article-title":"Molecular pathways underlying tissue injuries in the bladder with ketamine cystitis","volume":"35","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0200","article-title":"Chronic stress, neuroinflammation, and depression: an overview of pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging anti-inflammatories","volume":"14","author":"Hassamal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Psych."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6894","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23136894","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in pulmonary fibrosis: EMMPRIN\/CD147 comes into play","volume":"23","author":"Chuli\u00e1-Peris","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1177\/1049909119838974","article-title":"Pharmacology update: low-dose naltrexone as a possible nonopioid modality for some chronic, nonmalignant pain syndromes","volume":"36","author":"Trofimovitch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Hospice Palliative Med.\u00ae"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01464-x","article-title":"TRP (transient receptor potential) ion channel family: structures, biological functions and therapeutic interventions for diseases","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2719","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052719","article-title":"TRP ion channels in immune cells and their implications for inflammation","volume":"25","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.590261","article-title":"Involvement of neural transient receptor potential channels in peripheral inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Silverman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0230","unstructured":"Maaroufi, H. (2021). Interactions of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels could explain smell, taste, and\/or chemesthesis disorders. arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.06294."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1080\/08923973.2022.2122500","article-title":"The potential interplay between opioid and the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4)","volume":"45","author":"Zare","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol."}],"container-title":["Biochemical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295226006945?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006295226006945?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T20:19:22Z","timestamp":1788812362000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006295226006945"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S0006295226006945"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-2952"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-2952","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Naltrexone attenuates airway remodeling by modulating neuromediators and sensory ion channels in cigarette smoke-induced COPD pathophysiology","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biochemical Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.118355","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"118355"}}