{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T19:00:50Z","timestamp":1792004450345,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,1]],"date-time":"2012-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,1]],"date-time":"2012-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,23]],"date-time":"2012-05-23T00:00:30Z","timestamp":1337731230000},"page":"569-580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Early determinants of type-2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"L.M.","family":"Berends","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.E.","family":"Ozanne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib1","series-title":"Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60679-X","article-title":"National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2.7 million participants","volume":"378","author":"Danaei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Births: final data for 2007","volume":"58","author":"Martin","year":"2010","journal-title":"National Vital Staistics Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181cbd5f5","article-title":"Trends in birth weight and gestational length among singleton term births in the United States: 1990\u20132005","volume":"115","author":"Donahue","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250050698","article-title":"Low birth weight is associated with NIDDM in discordant monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs","volume":"40","author":"Poulsen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.303.6809.1019","article-title":"Fetal and infant growth and impaired glucose tolerance at age 64","volume":"303","author":"Hales","year":"1991","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00399095","article-title":"Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia (syndrome X): relation to reduced fetal growth","volume":"36","author":"Barker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00400248","article-title":"Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: the thrifty phenotype hypothesis","volume":"35","author":"Hales","year":"1992","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07244-9","article-title":"Glucose tolerance in adults after prenatal exposure to famine","volume":"351","author":"Ravelli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0460","article-title":"Impaired insulin secretion after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine","volume":"29","author":"de Rooij","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.2.343","article-title":"Low birth weight and high birth weight infants are both at an increased risk to have type 2 diabetes among schoolchildren in Taiwan","volume":"26","author":"Wei","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.609","article-title":"Twelve type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci identified through large-scale association analysis","volume":"42","author":"Voight","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-009-1291-1","article-title":"Interaction between prenatal growth and high-risk genotypes in the development of type 2 diabetes","volume":"52","author":"Pulizzi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.2337\/dc05-1993","article-title":"The effects of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 gene on glucose\/insulin metabolism interact with prenatal exposure to famine","volume":"29","author":"de Rooij","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199511000-00017","article-title":"Growth in full-term small-for-gestational-age infants: from birth to final height","volume":"38","author":"Karlberg","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051046","article-title":"Association between poor glucose tolerance and rapid post natal weight gain in seven-year-old children","volume":"41","author":"Crowther","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3708","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0757","article-title":"Heritability of childhood weight gain from birth and risk markers for adult metabolic disease in prepubertal twins","volume":"94","author":"Beardsall","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.000638","article-title":"Early growth and coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes: findings from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (HBCS)","author":"Eriksson","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/39.1.129","article-title":"Adiposity rebound in children: a simple indicator for predicting obesity","volume":"39","author":"Rolland-Cachera","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2505","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-005-0007-4","article-title":"Early growth and type 2 diabetes: evidence from the 1946 British birth cohort","volume":"48","author":"Wadsworth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E60","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.5.e60","article-title":"Muscularity and fatness of infants and young children born small- or large-for-gestational-age","volume":"102","author":"Hediger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.47.254.652","article-title":"Cellular development of some human organs before birth","volume":"47","author":"Widdowson","year":"1972","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib23","first-page":"1401","article-title":"Insulin resistance early in adulthood in subjects born with intrauterine growth retardation","volume":"85","author":"Jaquet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2778","article-title":"Early development of adiposity and insulin resistance after catch-up weight gain in small-for-gestational-age children","volume":"91","author":"Ibanez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2010.29302","article-title":"Nutrition in infancy and long-term risk of obesity: evidence from 2 randomized controlled trials","volume":"92","author":"Singhal","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.2174\/157339911794940684","article-title":"Breastfeeding and diabetes","volume":"7","author":"Gouveri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Current Diabetes Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.5.1043","article-title":"Does breastfeeding influence risk of type 2 diabetes in later life? A quantitative analysis of published evidence","volume":"84","author":"Owen","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prolonged breast-feeding protects mothers from later-life obesity and related cardio-metabolic disorders","author":"Wiklund","year":"2011","journal-title":"Public Health Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00685.x","article-title":"Changes in booking body mass index over a decade: retrospective analysis from a Glasgow Maternity Hospital","volume":"10","author":"Kanagalingam","year":"2005","journal-title":"BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)34050-6","article-title":"The effect of gestational weight gain by body mass index on maternal and neonatal outcomes","volume":"31","author":"Crane","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2009.250","article-title":"A nationally representative study of maternal obesity in England, UK: trends in incidence and demographic inequalities in 619\u00a0323 births, 1989\u20132007","volume":"34","author":"Heslehurst","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69473-7","article-title":"Interpregnancy weight change and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: a population-based study","volume":"368","author":"Villamor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(03)00828-7","article-title":"Increased fetal adiposity: a very sensitive marker of abnormal in utero development","volume":"189","author":"Catalano","year":"2003","journal-title":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib34","first-page":"83","article-title":"Effect of diabetes in pregnancy on offspring: follow-up research in the Pima Indians","volume":"9","author":"Dabelea","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Maternal-Fetal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.55.02.06.db05-0823","article-title":"Gestational glucose tolerance and risk of type 2 diabetes in young Pima Indian offspring","volume":"55","author":"Franks","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2361","article-title":"Childhood obesity and metabolic imprinting: the ongoing effects of maternal hyperglycemia","volume":"30","author":"Hillier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4275","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0709","article-title":"Effects of maternal surgical weight loss in mothers on intergenerational transmission of obesity","volume":"94","author":"Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.134","article-title":"Comparison of glucostatic parameters after hypocaloric diet or bariatric surgery and equivalent weight loss","volume":"19","author":"Plum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.12.2208","article-title":"Intrauterine exposure to diabetes conveys risks for type 2 diabetes and obesity: a study of discordant sibships","volume":"49","author":"Dabelea","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.12.2201","article-title":"Parental transmission of type 2 diabetes: the Framingham Offspring Study","volume":"49","author":"Meigs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib41","first-page":"2","article-title":"Developmental programming in response to maternal over-nutrition","author":"Alfaradhi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Frontiers in Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-005-1669-7","article-title":"Low birthweight is associated with specific changes in muscle insulin-signalling protein expression","volume":"48","author":"Ozanne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E534","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2001.280.3.E534","article-title":"Impaired PI 3-kinase activation in adipocytes from early growth-restricted male rats","volume":"280","author":"Ozanne","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology \u2013 Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2993","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0466-2","article-title":"Decreased protein levels of key insulin signalling molecules in adipose tissue from young men with a low birthweight: potential link to increased risk of diabetes?","volume":"49","author":"Ozanne","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511001735","article-title":"Maternal protein restriction in mice causes adverse metabolic and hypothalamic effects in the F1 and F2 generations","volume":"106","author":"Peixoto-Silva","year":"2011","journal-title":"British Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-0911","article-title":"Leptin-independent programming of adult body weight and adiposity in mice","volume":"152","author":"Cottrell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R291","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.90497.2008","article-title":"Forced catch-up growth after fetal protein restriction alters the adipose tissue gene expression program leading to obesity in adult mice","volume":"297","author":"Bol","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology \u2013 Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/427411b","article-title":"Lifespan: catch-up growth and obesity in male mice","volume":"427","author":"Ozanne","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01662-5","article-title":"Perinatal elevation of hypothalamic insulin, acquired malformation of hypothalamic galaninergic neurons, and syndrome x-like alterations in adulthood of neonatally overfed rats","volume":"836","author":"Plagemann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R134","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00355.2004","article-title":"Impaired glucose homeostasis and mitochondrial abnormalities in offspring of rats fed a fat-rich diet in pregnancy","volume":"288","author":"Taylor","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology \u2013 Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1122","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00335.2004","article-title":"Islet cell response in the neonatal rat after exposure to a high-fat diet during pregnancy","volume":"288","author":"Cerf","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology \u2013 Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-5996-2-37","article-title":"Evaluation of neonatally-induced mild diabetes in rats: maternal and fetal repercussions","volume":"2","author":"Iessi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4171","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-1279","article-title":"Maternal diabetes compromises the organization of hypothalamic feeding circuits and impairs leptin sensitivity in offspring","volume":"152","author":"Steculorum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2011.02268.x","article-title":"Neonatal exposure to leptin reduces glucose tolerance in adult mice","volume":"202","author":"Itoh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Physiologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/75.6.993","article-title":"Early nutrition and leptin concentrations in later life","volume":"75","author":"Singhal","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199607000-00018","volume":"40","author":"Leger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatric Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.132.1.7678218","article-title":"Circulating levels of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF-II, and IGF-binding proteins in the small for gestational age fetal rat","volume":"132","author":"Unterman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4645","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0844","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin sensitivity, and secretion from birth to age three years in small-for-gestational-age children","volume":"91","author":"Iniguez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.03.107","article-title":"Catch-up growth in girls born small for gestational age precedes childhood progression to high adiposity","volume":"96","author":"Ibanez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2011.98","article-title":"Insulin sensitivity at childhood predicts changes in total and central adiposity over a 6-year period","volume":"35","author":"Labayen","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1159\/000091519","article-title":"Metabolic aspects of insulin resistance in individuals born small for gestational age","volume":"65","author":"Vaag","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hormone Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2005-624","article-title":"Maternal undernutrition during early to mid-gestation in the ewe results in altered growth, adiposity, and glucose tolerance in male offspring","volume":"85","author":"Ford","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1266","article-title":"Accelerated postnatal growth increases lipogenic gene expression and adipocyte size in low-birth weight mice","volume":"58","author":"Isganaitis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0621","article-title":"Intrauterine growth restriction and adult disease: the role of adipocytokines","volume":"160","author":"Briana","year":"2009","journal-title":"European Journal of Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R9","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.90725.2008","article-title":"Insulin, leptin, and food reward: update 2008","volume":"296","author":"Figlewicz","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib66","first-page":"275","article-title":"Central insulin and leptin-mediated autonomic control of glucose homeostasis","volume":"22","author":"Marino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2874","article-title":"Targeting the CNS to treat type 2 diabetes","volume":"8","author":"Sandoval","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Drug Discovery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3192","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-1217","article-title":"Fetal hypothalamic neuroprogenitor cell culture: preferential differentiation paths induced by leptin and insulin","volume":"152","author":"Desai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.12.080","article-title":"Hypothalamic neurosphere progenitor cells in low birth-weight rat newborns: neurotrophic effects of leptin and insulin","volume":"1378","author":"Desai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v2.i8.119","article-title":"Nutritional programming of pancreatic beta-cell plasticity","volume":"2","author":"Hill","year":"2011","journal-title":"World Journal of Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib71","first-page":"266","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress and pancreatic beta-cell death","volume":"22","author":"Fonseca","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1159\/000243170","article-title":"Effect of a low protein diet during pregnancy on the fetal rat endocrine pancreas","volume":"57","author":"Snoeck","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biology of the Neonate"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051219","article-title":"Effect of ageing on beta-cell mass and function in rats malnourished during the perinatal period","volume":"42","author":"Garofano","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2495","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-007-0811-0","article-title":"Different mechanisms operating during different critical time-windows reduce rat fetal beta cell mass due to a maternal low-protein or low-energy diet","volume":"50","author":"Dumortier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6110","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006110","article-title":"Early low protein diet aggravates unbalance between antioxidant enzymes leading to islet dysfunction","volume":"4","author":"Theys","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2762","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.10-156075","article-title":"Poor maternal nutrition leads to alterations in oxidative stress, antioxidant defense capacity, and markers of fibrosis in rat islets: potential underlying mechanisms for development of the diabetic phenotype in later life","volume":"24","author":"Tarry-Adkins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-122796","article-title":"Poor maternal nutrition followed by accelerated postnatal growth leads to telomere shortening and increased markers of cell senescence in rat islets","volume":"23","author":"Tarry-Adkins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09491","article-title":"Chronic high-fat diet in fathers programs beta-cell dysfunction in female rat offspring","volume":"467","author":"Ng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1740215","article-title":"Decreased beta-cell proliferation impairs the adaptation to pregnancy in rats malnourished during perinatal life","volume":"174","author":"Avril","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Journal of Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17046","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806560105","article-title":"Persistent epigenetic differences associated with prenatal exposure to famine in humans","volume":"105","author":"Heijmans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114507894438","article-title":"Feeding pregnant rats a protein-restricted diet persistently alters the methylation of specific cytosines in the hepatic PPAR alpha promoter of the offspring","volume":"100","author":"Lillycrop","year":"2008","journal-title":"British Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02277","article-title":"Transcription factors regulating beta-cell function","volume":"155","author":"Cerf","year":"2006","journal-title":"European Journal of Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12253","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2037852100","article-title":"Predicting aberrant CpG island methylation","volume":"100","author":"Feltus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2009.10.002","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms in the development of type 2 diabetes","volume":"21","author":"Pinney","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib85","first-page":"2316","article-title":"Development of type 2 diabetes following intrauterine growth retardation in rats is associated with progressive epigenetic silencing of Pdx1","volume":"118","author":"Park","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5449","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1019007108","article-title":"Maternal diet and aging alter the epigenetic control of a promoter-enhancer interaction at the Hnf4a gene in rat pancreatic islets","volume":"108","author":"Sandovici","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28785","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M505695200","article-title":"Progressive accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations and decline in mitochondrial function lead to beta-cell failure","volume":"280","author":"Simmons","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13611","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M800128200","article-title":"Histone code modifications repress glucose transporter 4 expression in the intrauterine growth-restricted offspring","volume":"283","author":"Raychaudhuri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4963","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.176156","article-title":"Hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin promoter methylation becomes altered by early overfeeding: an epigenetic model of obesity and the metabolic syndrome","volume":"587","author":"Plagemann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm.2010.051","article-title":"Epigenetic malprogramming of the insulin receptor promoter due to developmental overfeeding","volume":"38","author":"Plagemann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2011.01.009","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus, a microRNA-related disease?","volume":"157","author":"Guay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Translational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10112","article-title":"MicroRNAs 103 and 107 regulate insulin sensitivity","volume":"474","author":"Trajkovski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-10-478","article-title":"Maternal high fat diet during pregnancy and lactation alters hepatic expression of insulin like growth factor-2 and key microRNAs in the adult offspring","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib94","unstructured":"Ferland-McCollough D, Fernandez-Twinn D, Cannell I, et\u00a0al. Nutritional programming of adipose miRNAs. Cell Death & Differentiation; in press."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20807","article-title":"Diabetic embryopathy: a role for the epigenome?","volume":"91","author":"Salbaum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Birth Defects. Part A, Clinical and Molecular Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23925","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023925","article-title":"Early second-trimester serum miRNA profiling predicts gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"6","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3006","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.11.3006","article-title":"Pathways of infant and childhood growth that lead to type 2 diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Eriksson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.6.1253","article-title":"International Small for Gestational Age Advisory Board consensus development conference statement: management of short children born small for gestational age","volume":"111","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000284","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000284","article-title":"Genetic markers of adult obesity risk are associated with greater early infancy weight gain and growth","volume":"7","author":"Elks","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-008-0948-5","article-title":"Association between age at menarche and risk of diabetes in adults: results from the EPIC-Norfolk cohort study","volume":"51","author":"Lakshman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e132","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040132","article-title":"Earlier mother\u2019s age at menarche predicts rapid infancy growth and childhood obesity","volume":"4","author":"Ong","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-1670","article-title":"Physical activity attenuates the effect of low birth weight on insulin resistance in adolescents: findings from two observational studies","volume":"60","author":"Ortega","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2531","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1875-9","article-title":"Leisure-time physical activity and type 2 diabetes during a 28 year follow-up in twins","volume":"53","author":"Waller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60815-5","article-title":"Changing the future of obesity: science, policy, and action","volume":"378","author":"Gortmaker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521690X12000218?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521690X12000218?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T16:44:54Z","timestamp":1761497094000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521690X12000218"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"references-count":104,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521690X12000218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-690X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-690X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Early determinants of type-2 diabetes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beem.2012.03.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}