{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T05:32:24Z","timestamp":1791955944287,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]],"date-time":"2021-06-30T04:52:41Z","timestamp":1625028761000},"page":"101561","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Hormone therapy regimens for managing the menopause and premature ovarian insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Eleni","family":"Armeni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stavroula A.","family":"Paschou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios G.","family":"Goulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Lambrinoudaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.01.128","article-title":"Executive summary of the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop + 10: addressing the unfinished agenda of staging reproductive aging","volume":"97","author":"Harlow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib2","series-title":"EMAS care online: the essential guide to women's health in midlife and beyond","author":"Rees","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001241","article-title":"The 2017 hormone therapy position statement of the North American Menopause Society","volume":"25","author":"NAMS","year":"2018","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew027","article-title":"ESHRE Guideline: management of women with premature ovarian insufficiency","volume":"31","author":"Webber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2016.04.013","article-title":"Maintaining postreproductive health: a care pathway from the European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS)","volume":"89","author":"Armeni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1177\/2053369120957514","article-title":"The British Menopause Society & Women's Health Concern 2020 recommendations on hormone replacement therapy in menopausal women","volume":"26","author":"Hamoda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Post Reprod Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib7","series-title":"Life expectancy at birth in the EU: men vs. women - products eurostat news - eurostat","author":"Eurostat","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000319","article-title":"The North American Menopause Society recommendations for clinical care of midlife women","volume":"21","author":"Shifren","year":"2014","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib9","article-title":"Menopause","volume":"1","author":"Davis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Prim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-020-05497-8","article-title":"Is there a role for menopausal hormone therapy in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis? Osteoporos","volume":"31","author":"Rozenberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Establ Result Coop Eur Found Osteoporos Natl Osteoporos Found USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001609","article-title":"The 2020 genitourinary syndrome of menopause position statement of the North American Menopause Society","volume":"27","author":"NAMS","year":"2020","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.3109\/13697137.2015.1020484","article-title":"Long-term health consequences of premature or early menopause and considerations for management","volume":"18","author":"Faubion","year":"2015","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2010.04.011","article-title":"EMAS position statement: managing women with premature ovarian failure","volume":"67","author":"Vujovic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2020.11.004","article-title":"Premature ovarian insufficiency: a toolkit for the primary care physician","volume":"147","author":"Lambrinoudaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e31817b076a","article-title":"Estrogen and progestogen use in postmenopausal women: july 2008 position statement of the North American Menopause Society","volume":"15","author":"Utian","year":"2008","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib16","first-page":"CD002978","article-title":"Oral oestrogen and combined oestrogen\/progestogen therapy versus placebo for hot flushes","volume":"2004","author":"MacLennan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2021.101469","article-title":"Pharmacologic and hormonal treatments for menopausal sleep disturbances: a network meta-analysis of 43 randomized controlled trials and 32,271 menopausal women","volume":"57","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001602","article-title":"TX-001HR is associated with a clinically meaningful effect on severity of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms in the REPLENISH trial","volume":"27","author":"Constantine","year":"2020","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000971","article-title":"Effects of oral versus transdermal menopausal hormone treatments on self-reported sleep domains and their association with vasomotor symptoms in recently menopausal women enrolled in the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS)","volume":"25","author":"Cintron","year":"2018","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2021.04.005","article-title":"Topical estrogens and non-hormonal preparations for postmenopausal vulvovaginal atrophy: an EMAS clinical guide","volume":"148","author":"Hirschberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2019.1703951","article-title":"An overview of dehydroepiandrosterone (EM-760) as a treatment option for genitourinary syndrome of menopause","volume":"21","author":"Holton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expet Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib22","first-page":"884","article-title":"Management of symptomatic vulvovaginal atrophy: 2013 position statement of the North American Menopause Society","volume":"20","author":"NAMS","year":"2013","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2053369120985743","article-title":"The testosterone prescribing practice of BMS menopause specialists","author":"Scott","year":"2021","journal-title":"Post Reprod Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000364","article-title":"Differential effects of progestogens used for menopausal hormone therapy","volume":"61","author":"van Heertum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2016.1187123","article-title":"The impact of micronized progesterone on the endometrium: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Stute","year":"2016","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000492","article-title":"The north American menopause society statement on continuing use of systemic hormone therapy after age 65","volume":"22","author":"NAMS","year":"2015","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001674","article-title":"What providers need to know about progestogens in hormone therapy","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2016.1153056","article-title":"Why perimenopausal women should consider to use a levonorgestrel intrauterine system","volume":"32","author":"Wildemeersch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol Off J Int Soc Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2011.11.010","article-title":"EMAS clinical guide: selective estrogen receptor modulators for postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"71","author":"Palacios","year":"2012","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000001585","article-title":"Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMS): keys to understanding their function","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pharmacotherapeutic options for the treatment of menopausal symptoms","author":"Genazzani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expet Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2005.02.011","article-title":"Tibolone: clinical recommendations and practical guidelines. A report of the International Tibolone Consensus Group","volume":"51","author":"Kenemans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2010.495437","article-title":"Tibolone in postmenopausal women: a review based on recent randomised controlled clinical trials","volume":"26","author":"Biglia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gynecol. Endocrinol. Off. J. Int. Soc. Gynecol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib34","first-page":"CD008536","article-title":"Short-term and long-term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women","volume":"10","author":"Formoso","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-021-01425-8","article-title":"Association between menopausal hormone therapy, mammographic density and breast cancer risk: results from the E3N cohort study","volume":"23","author":"Fornili","year":"2021","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1505241","article-title":"Vascular effects of early versus late postmenopausal treatment with estradiol","volume":"374","author":"Hodis","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx131","article-title":"Hormone therapy use and risk of chronic disease in the nurses' health study: a comparative analysis with the women's health initiative","volume":"186","author":"Bhupathiraju","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000450","article-title":"Estradiol-based postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality","volume":"22","author":"Mikkola","year":"2015","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib39","article-title":"Hormone therapy for preventing cardiovascular disease in post-menopausal women","volume":"CD002229","author":"Boardman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.11217","article-title":"Menopausal hormone therapy and long-term all-cause and cause-specific mortality: the women's health initiative randomized trials","volume":"318","author":"Manson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib41","first-page":"123","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review and meta-regression analysis to examine the \u2018timing hypothesis\u2019 of hormone replacement therapy on mortality, coronary heart disease, and stroke","volume":"22","author":"Nudy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmy039","article-title":"The route of administration, timing, duration and dose of postmenopausal hormone therapy and cardiovascular outcomes in women: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Oliver-Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1615643","article-title":"Effects of oral and transdermal estrogen replacement therapy on markers of coagulation, fibrinolysis, inflammation and serum lipids and lipoproteins in postmenopausal women","volume":"85","author":"Vehkavaara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thromb Haemostasis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2020.03.007","article-title":"Menopause symptom management in women with dyslipidemias: an EMAS clinical guide","volume":"135","author":"Anagnostis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198606193142505","article-title":"Biologic effects of transdermal estradiol","volume":"314","author":"Chetkowski","year":"1986","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib46","article-title":"Use of hormone replacement therapy and risk of venous thromboembolism: nested case-control studies using the QResearch and CPRD databases","volume":"364","author":"Vinogradova","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000319","article-title":"The North American Menopause Society recommendations for clinical care of midlife women","volume":"21","author":"Shifren","year":"2014","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnab011","article-title":"Recommended hormone therapy in menopause: concepts, controversies and approach to treatment","author":"Flores","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2018.08.009","article-title":"Menopause and diabetes: EMAS clinical guide","volume":"117","author":"Slopien","year":"2018","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib50","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cardiovascular health after menopause transition, pregnancy disorders, and other gynaecologic conditions: a consensus document from European cardiologists, gynaecologists, and endocrinologists","author":"Maas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30189-5","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of testosterone for women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trial data","volume":"7","author":"Islam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet. Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1080\/13697137.2020.1804547","article-title":"Premature ovarian insufficiency: an international menopause society white paper","volume":"23","author":"Panay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Climacteric"}],"container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521690X21000786?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521690X21000786?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T16:57:16Z","timestamp":1761497836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521690X21000786"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521690X21000786"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-690X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-690X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hormone therapy regimens for managing the menopause and premature ovarian insufficiency","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101561","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101561"}}