{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T11:18:46Z","timestamp":1776511126727,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":125,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,1]],"date-time":"2010-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1291161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,23]],"date-time":"2011-06-23T19:31:03Z","timestamp":1308857463000},"page":"811-827","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":152,"title":["Epidemiology of gout: An update"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"E.U.R.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"D\u00edaz-Torn\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Perez-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.M.","family":"March","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.106","article-title":"SLC2A9 is a newly identified urate transporter influencing serum urate concentration, urate excretion and gout","volume":"40","author":"Vitart","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Genetics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-10-199911160-00007","article-title":"Synovial fluid analysis for diagnosis of intercritical gout","volume":"131","author":"Pascual","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib3","first-page":"41","article-title":"Clinical features of gout in a cohort of Italian patients","volume":"61","author":"Zampogna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reumatismo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-196712000-00019","article-title":"Principles of current management of primary gout","volume":"254","author":"Y\u00fc","year":"1967","journal-title":"The American Journal of the Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.31.3.166","article-title":"Gout in a New England town. A prevalence study in Sudbury, Massachusetts","volume":"31","author":"O\u2019Sullivan","year":"1972","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib6","first-page":"395","article-title":"Serum uric acid levels and gout: what does this herald for the population?","volume":"12","author":"Rigby","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780200320","article-title":"Preliminary criteria for the classification of the acute arthritis of primary gout","volume":"20","author":"Wallace","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e3181945b79","article-title":"Clinical diagnostic criteria for gout: comparison with the gold standard of synovial fluid crystal analysis","volume":"15","author":"Malik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.123687","article-title":"The limited validity of the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology for classifying gout patients in primary care","volume":"69","author":"Janssens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.055251","article-title":"EULAR evidence based recommendations for gout. Part I: diagnosis. Report of a task force of the standing committee for international clinical studies including therapeutics (ESCISIT)","volume":"65","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.055269","article-title":"EULAR evidence based recommendations for gout. Part II: management. Report of a task force of the EULAR standing committee for international clinical studies including therapeutics (ESCISIT)","volume":"65","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.091385","article-title":"Diagnosis of chronic gout: evaluating the american college of rheumatology proposal, European league against rheumatism recommendations, and clinical judgment","volume":"37","author":"Pelaez-Ballestas","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.75.Suppl_5.S17","article-title":"The gout diagnosis","volume":"75","author":"Dore","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib14","first-page":"1501","article-title":"The interaction between uric acid level and other risk factors on the development of gout among asymptomatic hyperuricemic men in a prospective study","volume":"27","author":"Lin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.37.5.466","article-title":"A prospective study of gout in New Zealand Maoris","volume":"37","author":"Brauer","year":"1978","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3004","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.266.21.3004","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for gout in white men","volume":"266","author":"Roubenoff","year":"1991","journal-title":"The Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib17","first-page":"2403","article-title":"Epidemiology of gout: is the incidence rising?","volume":"29","author":"Arromdee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib18","first-page":"499","article-title":"Epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and gout in two regions of the Czech Republic in a descriptive population-based survey in 2002\u20132003","volume":"24","author":"Hanova","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.024091","article-title":"Gout epidemiology: results from the UK general practice research database, 1990\u20131999","volume":"64","author":"Mikuls","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1053\/j.mpmed.2006.07.012","article-title":"Gout","volume":"34","author":"Nuki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24193","article-title":"Gout and the risk of Parkinson\u2019s disease: a cohort study","volume":"59","author":"De Vera","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis & Rheumatism: Arthritis Care & Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02283109","article-title":"The pattern of rheumatic disorders seen amongst patients attending urban and rural clinics in west Africa","volume":"11","author":"Adebajo","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.44.2.121","article-title":"Chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases in black Zimbabweans","volume":"44","author":"Lutalo","year":"1985","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib24","first-page":"441","article-title":"Risk factors for gout in Togolese patients","volume":"67","author":"Mijiyawa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine: Revue du Rhumatisme"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib25","first-page":"63","article-title":"Prevalence of major rheumatic disorders in Jammu","volume":"5","author":"Mahajan","year":"2003","journal-title":"JK Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib26","first-page":"240","article-title":"Diseases W-ICSWILoAfRCOPfCoR. Prevalence of rheumatic diseases in a rural population in western India: a WHO-ILAR COPCORD Study","volume":"49","author":"Chopra","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib27","first-page":"2252","article-title":"Prevalence of the rheumatic diseases in urban Vietnam: a WHO-ILAR COPCORD study","volume":"30","author":"Minh Hoa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib28","first-page":"1382","article-title":"Epidemiology of rheumatic disease in rural Thailand: a WHO-ILAR COPCORD study. Community oriented programme for the control of rheumatic disease","volume":"25","author":"Chaiamnuay","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/37.5.491","article-title":"Prevalence of the major rheumatic disorders in the adult population of north Pakistan","volume":"37","author":"Farooqi","year":"1998","journal-title":"British Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib30","first-page":"18","article-title":"Incidence and various risk factors for gout in the Georgian SSR","volume":"59","author":"Tsitlanadze","year":"1987","journal-title":"Terapevticheski\u012d Arkhiv"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00332554","article-title":"Rheumatic disease in a Philippine village. II: a WHO-ILAR-APLAR COPCORD study, phases II and III","volume":"11","author":"Wigley","year":"1991","journal-title":"Rheumatology International"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib32","first-page":"201","article-title":"A population study of hyperuricaemia and gout in Japan\u2013analysis of sex, age and occupational differences in thirty-four thousand people living in Nagano Prefecture","volume":"22","author":"Akizuki","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ryumachi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-9140-5_8","article-title":"Clinical features of 4000 gouty subjects in Japan","volume":"122A","author":"Nishioka","year":"1980","journal-title":"Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib34","first-page":"647","article-title":"Epidemiology of hyperuricemia and gout in Japan","volume":"66","author":"Hakoda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nippon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib35","first-page":"1595","article-title":"The epidemiology of gout and hyperuricemia in a rural population of Java","volume":"19","author":"Darmawan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib36","first-page":"1859","article-title":"Dietary and lifestyle changes associated with high prevalence of\u00a0hyperuricemia and gout in the Shandong coastal cities of Eastern China","volume":"35","author":"Miao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib37","first-page":"302","article-title":"Prevalence of rheumatic diseases in Taiwan: a population study of urban, suburban, rural differences","volume":"21","author":"Chou","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/37.3.258","article-title":"The epidemiology of hyperuricaemia and gout in Taiwan aborigines","volume":"37","author":"Chou","year":"1998","journal-title":"British Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib39","first-page":"1364","article-title":"High prevalence of gout and related risk factors in Taiwan\u2019s aborigines","volume":"24","author":"Chang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib40","first-page":"965","article-title":"Rheumatic disease in an Australian aboriginal community in north Queensland, Australia. A WHO-ILAR COPCORD survey","volume":"31","author":"Minaur","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.56.1.22","article-title":"Gout is on the increase in New Zealand","volume":"56","author":"Klemp","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"6596","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.295.6596.457","article-title":"Migration and gout: the Tokelau Island migrant study","volume":"295","author":"Prior","year":"1987","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(81)90052-7","article-title":"Hyperuricaemia and gout in western Samoans","volume":"34","author":"Jackson","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Chronic Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.51.2.186","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic arthritis in four geographical areas of the Scottish Highlands","volume":"51","author":"Steven","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib45","first-page":"819","article-title":"Prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions in an Italian population sample: results of a regional community-based study. I. The MAPPING study","volume":"23","author":"Salaffi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"Espec Congr","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib46","first-page":"116","article-title":"Gout in two primary care centers","volume":"3","author":"Pou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reumatolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib47","first-page":"1589","article-title":"Prevalence of rheumatic diseases in Greece: a cross-sectional population based epidemiological study. The ESORDIG Study","volume":"30","author":"Andrianakos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.076232","article-title":"Gout in the UK and Germany: prevalence, comorbidities and management in general practice 2000\u20132005","volume":"67","author":"Annemans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib49","first-page":"527","article-title":"Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, chondrocalcinosis and gouty arthritis at age 79","volume":"13","author":"Bergstrom","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib50","first-page":"177","article-title":"Musculoskeletal pain, disability and health-seeking behavior in adult Kuwaitis using a validated Arabic version of the WHO-ILAR COPCORD Core Questionnaire","volume":"22","author":"Al-Awadhi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib51","first-page":"1384","article-title":"WHO-ILAR COPCORD study (Stage 1, urban study) in Iran","volume":"35","author":"Davatchi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib52","first-page":"678","article-title":"Prevalence rates of spondyloarthropathies, rheumatoid arthritis, and other rheumatic disorders in an Alaskan Inupiat Eskimo population","volume":"15","author":"Boyer","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2007.00173.x","article-title":"The impact of gout on work absence and productivity","volume":"10","author":"Kleinman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Value in Health: The Journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib54","first-page":"1582","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia over 10 years among older adults in a managed care population","volume":"31","author":"Wallace","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e31819b61cb","article-title":"Community-based study to estimate prevalence and burden of illness of rheumatic diseases in Cuba: a COPCORD study","volume":"15","author":"Reyes-Llerena","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib56","first-page":"287","article-title":"Rheumatic diseases and labor disability in adult rural population","volume":"43","author":"Alvarez Nemegyei","year":"2005","journal-title":"Revista Medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib57","first-page":"617","article-title":"Community based study to estimate prevalence, burden of illness and help seeking behavior in rheumatic diseases in Mexico city. A COPCORD study","volume":"20","author":"Cardiel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib58","first-page":"1813","article-title":"Characteristics of chronic gout in northern Sulawesi, Indonesia","volume":"33","author":"Padang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib59","first-page":"868","article-title":"A clinical study of crystal-proven gouty arthritis in a university hospital","volume":"86","author":"Louthrenoo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib60","first-page":"2189","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for urolithiasis in primary gout: is a reappraisal needed?","volume":"32","author":"Alvarez-Nemegyei","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.t01-2-00171.x","article-title":"The association between gout and nephrolithiasis in men: the health professionals\u2019 follow-up study","volume":"64","author":"Kramer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney International"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib62","first-page":"1923","article-title":"Factors associated with musculoskeletal disability and chronic renal failure in clinically diagnosed primary gout","volume":"32","author":"Alvarez-Nemegyei","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20065","article-title":"Hyperuricemia and coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"62","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Care & Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmg413","article-title":"Gout, just a nasty event or a cardiovascular signal? A study from primary care","volume":"20","author":"Janssens","year":"2003","journal-title":"Family Practice"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rhu.0000147049.12220.32","article-title":"Prevalence of comorbid conditions and prescription medication use among patients with gout and hyperuricemia in a managed care setting","volume":"10","author":"Riedel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X167651","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome-related conditions among people with and without gout: prevalence and resource use","volume":"23","author":"Novak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Current Medical Research and Opinion"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib67","first-page":"1882","article-title":"Serum uric acid levels and risk for vascular diseases in patients with metabolic syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Hjortnaes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22466","article-title":"Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with gout: the third national health and Nutrition examination survey","volume":"57","author":"Choi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e31819c0dba","article-title":"First acute gout attacks commonly precede features of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"15","author":"Hernandez-Cuevas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-007-0750-7","article-title":"Ischemia heart disease and greater waist circumference are risk factors of renal function deterioration in male gout patients","volume":"27","author":"Su","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.10.403","article-title":"Does hyperuricemia affect mortality? A\u00a0prospective cohort study of Japanese male workers","volume":"10","author":"Tomita","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib72","first-page":"531","article-title":"Relation between uricemia and all-causes cardiovascular and coronary mortality in both genders of non-selected sample of the Belgium population","volume":"49","author":"Aboa Eboule","year":"2001","journal-title":"Revue d\u2019Epidemiologie et de Sante Publique"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24612","article-title":"Hyperuricemia and risk of stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"61","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.10.1104","article-title":"Long-term cardiovascular mortality among middle-aged men with gout","volume":"168","author":"Krishnan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24164","article-title":"Serum uric acid level as an independent risk factor for all-cause, cardiovascular, and ischemic stroke mortality: a chinese cohort study","volume":"61","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.43.3.394","article-title":"Gout in South African blacks","volume":"43","author":"Mody","year":"1984","journal-title":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib77","first-page":"451","article-title":"Rheumatic diseases in black Africa","volume":"60","author":"Mijiyawa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Revue du Rhumatisme"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib78","first-page":"1346","article-title":"The prevalence of hyperuricemia in a population of the coastal city of Qingdao, China","volume":"33","author":"Nan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib79","first-page":"228","article-title":"The epidemiology study of hyperuricemia and gout in a community population of Huangpu District in Shanghai","volume":"111","author":"Chen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chinese Medical Journal"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib80","first-page":"1136","article-title":"Study on the prevalence of arthritis and relevant factors in Shanghai","volume":"24","author":"Shi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chung Hua Liu Hsing Ping Hsueh Tsa Chih"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib81","first-page":"2245","article-title":"Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study","volume":"30","author":"Dai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/23.4.276","article-title":"Hyperuricaemia, gout and kidney function in New Zealand Maori men","volume":"23","author":"Gibson","year":"1984","journal-title":"British Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s002960000076","article-title":"Hyperuricemia in Saudi Arabia","volume":"20","author":"Al-Arfaj","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rheumatology International"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2008.14.2.164","article-title":"Disease-related and all-cause health care costs of elderly patients with gout","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11441","article-title":"Complex segregation and linkage analysis of familial gout in Taiwanese aborigines","volume":"50","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02238762","article-title":"Characteristics of gouty arthritis in the Guatemalan population","volume":"16","author":"Garcia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg035","article-title":"Younger age of onset of gout in Taiwan","volume":"42","author":"Yu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib88","first-page":"342","article-title":"Acute gouty arthritis is seasonal","volume":"25","author":"Schlesinger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib89","first-page":"225","article-title":"Risk factors for gout: a hospital-based study in urban black South Africans","volume":"65","author":"Tikly","year":"1998","journal-title":"Revue du Rhumatisme (English ed.)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2369","article-title":"Comparing the prevalence of rheumatic diseases in China with the rest of the world","volume":"10","author":"Felson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Research & Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(05)80007-1","article-title":"Rheumatic diseases in African blacks","volume":"24","author":"Adebajo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1907","article-title":"Epidemiology, risk factors, and lifestyle modifications for gout","volume":"8","author":"Saag","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Research & Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib93","first-page":"427","article-title":"Estimates of the prevalence of selected arthritic and musculoskeletal diseases in the United States","volume":"16","author":"Lawrence","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1038\/ncprheum0556","article-title":"The changing epidemiology of gout","volume":"3","author":"Roddy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 15","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib95","first-page":"S65","article-title":"Epidemiology of hyperuricemia and gout","volume":"11","author":"Luk","year":"2005","journal-title":"The American Journal of Managed Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib96","first-page":"1045","article-title":"Community based epidemiological study on hyperuricemia and gout in Kin-Hu, Kinmen","volume":"27","author":"Lin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(77)90022-1","article-title":"Some unusual features of gouty arthritis in females","volume":"6","author":"Yu","year":"1977","journal-title":"Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e3181945d2c","article-title":"The effect of serum urate on gout flares and their associated costs: an administrative claims analysis","volume":"15","author":"Halpern","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2008.09.002","article-title":"Arthroscopic elimination of monosodium urate deposition of the first metatarsophalangeal joint reduces the recurrence of gout","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2006.04.006","article-title":"The online case-crossover study is a novel approach to study triggers for recurrent disease flares","volume":"60","author":"Zhang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bor.0000209434.82096.1f","article-title":"Recent developments in diet and gout","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2007.04.007","article-title":"Dietary factors associated with hyperuricemia in adults","volume":"37","author":"Yu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20080016","article-title":"The effect of the interaction between obesity and drinking on hyperuricemia in Japanese male office workers","volume":"19","author":"Shiraishi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib104","first-page":"62","article-title":"Dietary habits and behavioral characteristics of gout patients in an aboriginal village, Taugyue of Ilan county in Taiwan","volume":"25","author":"Hwang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nutritional Sciences Journal"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035700","article-title":"Purine-rich foods, dairy and protein intake, and the risk of gout in men","volume":"350","author":"Choi","year":"2004","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.5.1480","article-title":"Effects of diet, physical activity and performance, and body weight on incident gout in ostensibly healthy, vigorously active men","volume":"87","author":"Williams","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"7639","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39449.819271.BE","article-title":"Soft drinks, fructose consumption, and the risk of gout in men: prospective cohort study","volume":"336","author":"Choi","year":"2008","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00302147","article-title":"Clinical and family studies in Hungarian patients with gout","volume":"12","author":"Mituszova","year":"1992","journal-title":"Rheumatology International"},{"issue":"9654","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61343-4","article-title":"Association of three genetic loci with uric acid concentration and risk of gout: a genome-wide association study","volume":"372","author":"Dehghan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e197","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050197","article-title":"SLC2A9 is a high-capacity urate transporter in humans","volume":"5","author":"Caulfield","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-008-0039-0","article-title":"Gout and coronary artery disease: epidemiologic clues","volume":"10","author":"Krishnan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Current Rheumatology Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007654507054","article-title":"Relationship between hyperuricemia and other cardiovascular disease risk factors among adult males in Taiwan","volume":"16","author":"Chu","year":"2000","journal-title":"European Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2008.05.022","article-title":"Uric acid: a marker of increased cardiovascular risk","volume":"202","author":"Gagliardi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0b013e328313631a","article-title":"A prospective study of gout and cancer","volume":"18","author":"Boffetta","year":"2009","journal-title":"European Journal of Cancer Prevention"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2007.08.008","article-title":"Association between serum uric acid and the adult treatment panel III-defined metabolic syndrome: results from a single hospital database","volume":"57","author":"Rho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken305","article-title":"Gout and the risk of type 2 diabetes among men with a high cardiovascular risk profile","volume":"47","author":"Choi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2008.01.002","article-title":"Serum uric acid and incident diabetes in Mauritian Indian and Creole populations","volume":"80","author":"Nan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice"},{"issue":"1283","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib118","first-page":"43","article-title":"High prevalence of gout in patients with Type 2 diabetes: male sex, renal impairment, and diuretic use are major risk factors","volume":"121","author":"Suppiah","year":"2008","journal-title":"The New Zealand Medical Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.4314\/eamj.v79i4.8882","article-title":"Rheumatic disorders in Sub-saharan Africa","volume":"79","author":"McGill","year":"2002","journal-title":"East African Medical Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23176","article-title":"Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States. Part II","volume":"58","author":"Lawrence","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NPR.0000342180.40414.be","article-title":"Gout: tips on diagnosis, treatment, and patient education","volume":"33","author":"Montgomery","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Nurse Practitioner"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib122","first-page":"66","article-title":"Primary gout in Shantou: a clinical and epidemiological study","volume":"116","author":"Zeng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chinese Medical Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R17","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2368","article-title":"Rheumatic diseases in China","volume":"10","author":"Zeng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Research & Therapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(94)00244-K","article-title":"The prevalence and prophylaxis of gout in England","volume":"48","author":"Harris","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.080938","article-title":"Serum urate during acute gout","volume":"36","author":"Schlesinger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"}],"container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521694210000902?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521694210000902?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,7]],"date-time":"2024-04-07T22:46:19Z","timestamp":1712529979000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521694210000902"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"references-count":125,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521694210000902"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6942"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6942","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}}}