{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T09:29:44Z","timestamp":1790328584868,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,15]],"date-time":"2019-04-15T17:36:37Z","timestamp":1555349797000},"page":"781-802","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Checkpoint inhibitor-associated autoimmunity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Karim","family":"Ladak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne R.","family":"Bass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.56.2736","article-title":"Pooled analysis of long-term survival data from phase II and phase III trials of ipilimumab in unresectable or metastatic melanoma","volume":"33","author":"Schadendorf","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1305133","article-title":"Safety and tumor responses with lambrolizumab (anti-PD-1) in melanoma","volume":"369","author":"Hamid","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1412082","article-title":"Nivolumab in previously untreated melanoma without BRAF mutation","volume":"372","author":"Robert","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1501824","article-title":"Pembrolizumab for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"372","author":"Garon","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504627","article-title":"Nivolumab versus docetaxel in advanced squamous-cell non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"373","author":"Brahmer","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.59.0703","article-title":"Nivolumab for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: results of a randomized phase II trial","volume":"33","author":"Motzer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1510665","article-title":"Nivolumab versus everolimus in advanced renal-cell carcinoma","volume":"373","author":"Motzer","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504030","article-title":"Combined nivolumab and ipilimumab or monotherapy in untreated melanoma","volume":"373","author":"Larkin","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1414428","article-title":"Nivolumab and ipilimumab versus ipilimumab in untreated melanoma","volume":"372","author":"Postow","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709684","article-title":"Overall survival with combined nivolumab and ipilimumab in advanced melanoma","volume":"377","author":"Wolchok","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.03.001","article-title":"Immune checkpoint blockade: a common denominator approach to cancer therapy","volume":"27","author":"Topalian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1713444","article-title":"Tumor mutational burden and response rate to PD-1 inhibition","volume":"377","author":"Yarchoan","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1604958","article-title":"Mutations associated with acquired resistance to PD-1 blockade in melanoma","volume":"375","author":"Zaretsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.36","article-title":"Mechanism-driven biomarkers to guide immune checkpoint blockade in cancer therapy","volume":"16","author":"Topalian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Canc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4321","article-title":"Is autoimmunity the Achilles' heel of cancer immunotherapy?","volume":"23","author":"June","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-7613(95)90125-6","article-title":"Loss of CTLA-4 leads to massive lymphoproliferation and fatal multiorgan tissue destruction, revealing a critical negative regulatory role of CTLA-4","volume":"3","author":"Tivol","year":"1995","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"5238","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5238.985","article-title":"Lymphoproliferative disorders with early lethality in mice deficient in Ctla-4","volume":"270","author":"Waterhouse","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5502","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1126\/science.291.5502.319","article-title":"Autoimmune dilated cardiomyopathy in PD-1 receptor-deficient mice","volume":"291","author":"Nishimura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80089-8","article-title":"Development of lupus-like autoimmune diseases by disruption of the PD-1 gene encoding an ITIM motif-carrying immunoreceptor","volume":"11","author":"Nishimura","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2017.05.025","article-title":"Targeting the programmed cell death-1 pathway in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"16","author":"Sandigursky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2762","article-title":"A\u00a0rheostat for immune responses: the unique properties of PD-1 and their advantages for clinical application","volume":"14","author":"Okazaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20130790","article-title":"RGMb is a novel binding partner for PD-L2 and its engagement with PD-L2 promotes respiratory tolerance","volume":"211","author":"Xiao","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2015.10","article-title":"FOXP3+ regulatory T cells and their functional regulation","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12160","article-title":"tTregs, pTregs, and iTregs: similarities and differences","volume":"259","author":"Shevach","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/83713","article-title":"The immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome (IPEX) is caused by mutations of FOXP3","volume":"27","author":"Bennett","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2883","article-title":"Genetic associations in type I interferon related pathways with autoimmunity","volume":"12","author":"Delgado-Vega","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1015","article-title":"Microarray analysis of gene expression in lupus","volume":"5","author":"Crow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib28","first-page":"169","article-title":"PD-1 blockade augments Th1 and Th17 and suppresses Th2 responses in peripheral blood from patients with prostate and advanced melanoma cancer","volume":"35","author":"Dulos","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5591","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-09-1024","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II study comparing the tolerability and efficacy of ipilimumab administered with or without prophylactic budesonide in patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma","volume":"15","author":"Weber","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.5716","article-title":"Enterocolitis in patients with cancer after antibody blockade of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4","volume":"24","author":"Beck","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s11523-017-0495-4","article-title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis: diagnosis and management","volume":"12","author":"Prieux-Klotz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Targeted Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23177","article-title":"Rheumatic and musculoskeletal immune-related adverse events due to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"69","author":"Cappelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-017-0287-5","article-title":"Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and duration of prior anti-angiogenic therapy as biomarkers in metastatic RCC receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy","volume":"5","author":"Jeyakumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"69","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114268","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.23217","article-title":"Relationships between lymphocyte counts and treatment-related toxicities and clinical responses in patients with solid tumors treated with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"8","author":"Diehl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1356","article-title":"Peripheral blood clinical laboratory variables associated with outcomes following combination nivolumab and ipilimumab immunotherapy in melanoma","volume":"7","author":"Rosner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2017.12.015","article-title":"Association between pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and outcome of patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab","volume":"16","author":"Bilen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Genitourin Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S153290","article-title":"Prognostic utility of baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Sacdalan","year":"2018","journal-title":"OncoTargets Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2017.07.007","article-title":"Fluctuations in routine blood count might signal severe immune-related adverse events in melanoma patients treated with nivolumab","volume":"88","author":"Fujisawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-11-75","article-title":"Gene expression profiling of whole blood in ipilimumab-treated patients for identification of potential biomarkers of immune-related gastrointestinal adverse events","volume":"11","author":"Shahabi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Transl Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2016.1249559","article-title":"Clinical implication of tumor-associated and immunological parameters in melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab","volume":"5","author":"Damuzzo","year":"2016","journal-title":"OncoImmunology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx108","article-title":"Baseline gut microbiota predicts clinical response and colitis in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab","volume":"28","author":"Chaput","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI96798","article-title":"Early B cell changes predict autoimmunity following combination immune checkpoint blockade","volume":"128","author":"Das","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Investig"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2018.8","article-title":"Targeting the IL-6\/JAK\/STAT3 signalling axis in cancer","volume":"15","author":"Johnson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13226","article-title":"Cytokine biomarkers to predict antitumor responses to nivolumab suggested in a phase 2 study for advanced melanoma","volume":"108","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.06.130","article-title":"Personalised medicine: development and external validation of a prognostic model for metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab","volume":"51","author":"Valpione","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-015-0081-1","article-title":"Baseline circulating IL-17 predicts toxicity while TGF-\u03b21 and IL-10 are prognostic of relapse in ipilimumab neoadjuvant therapy of melanoma","volume":"3","author":"Tarhini","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib47","first-page":"9","article-title":"Ipilimumab efficacy and safety in patients with advanced melanoma: a retrospective analysis of HLA subtype from four trials","volume":"10","author":"Wolchok","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Immun"},{"issue":"6375","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao4572","article-title":"Patient HLA class I genotype influences cancer response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy","volume":"359","author":"Chowell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib49","series-title":"Cancer, autoimmunity and immunology conference","first-page":"2","article-title":"Autoimmunity following cancer treatment, more questions than answers","author":"Herold","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib50","series-title":"Cancer, autoimmunity and immunology conference","first-page":"2","article-title":"Autoimmune diabetes following treatment with checkpoint inhibitors","author":"Bluestone","year":"2018"},{"issue":"6264","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad1329","article-title":"Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade relies on the gut microbiota","volume":"350","author":"V\u00e9tizou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2017.08.004","article-title":"Metagenomic shotgun sequencing and unbiased metabolomic profiling identify specific human gut microbiota and metabolites associated with immune checkpoint therapy efficacy in melanoma patients","volume":"19","author":"Frankel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-2073","article-title":"Use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of patients with cancer and preexisting autoimmune disease: a systematic review","volume":"168","author":"Abdel-Wahab","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw443","article-title":"Anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with advanced melanoma and preexisting autoimmune disorders or major toxicity with ipilimumab","volume":"28","author":"Menzies","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2015.4368","article-title":"Ipilimumab therapy in patients with advanced melanoma and preexisting autoimmune disorders","volume":"2","author":"Johnson","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-1136","article-title":"Nivolumab in resected and unresectable metastatic melanoma: characteristics of immune-related adverse events and association with outcomes","volume":"22","author":"Freeman-Keller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.1916","article-title":"Pembrolizumab cutaneous adverse events and their association with disease progression","volume":"151","author":"Sanlorenzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.2707","article-title":"Association of vitiligo with tumor response in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with pembrolizumab","volume":"152","author":"Hua","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.57.4756","article-title":"Vitiligo-like depigmentation in patients with stage III-IV melanoma receiving immunotherapy and its association with survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Teulings","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-015-0671-4","article-title":"Immunotherapy and hypophysitis: clinical presentation, treatment, and biologic insights","volume":"19","author":"Faje","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"issue":"22 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6681","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-0187","article-title":"Prognostic factors related to clinical response in patients with metastatic melanoma treated by CTL-associated antigen-4 blockade","volume":"13","author":"Downey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib62","article-title":"Tocilizumab for the management of immune mediated adverse events secondary to PD-1 blockade","author":"Stroud","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Oncol Pharm Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2012.12.963","article-title":"The risk of rash associated with ipilimumab in patients with cancer: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis","volume":"69","author":"Minkis","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2016.02.010","article-title":"Characterisation and management of dermatologic adverse events to agents targeting the PD-1 receptor","volume":"60","author":"Belum","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2016.2226","article-title":"Clinical and histologic features of lichenoid mucocutaneous eruptions due to anti-programmed cell death 1 and anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 immunotherapy","volume":"152","author":"Shi","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e257","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14011","article-title":"Anti-PD1-induced psoriasis: a study of 21 patients","volume":"31","author":"Bonigen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2017.03.026","article-title":"Pembrolizumab-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome in non-melanoma patients","volume":"81","author":"Saw","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-15-0123","article-title":"Autoimmune bullous skin disorders with immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1 and PD-L1","volume":"4","author":"Naidoo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12858","article-title":"Diverse types of dermatologic toxicities from immune checkpoint blockade therapy","volume":"44","author":"Curry","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cutan Pathol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1111\/cup.12666","article-title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of lichenoid reactions in patients treated with anti-PD-L1 and anti-PD-1 therapy","volume":"43","author":"Schaberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.14694\/EdBook_AM.2012.32.79","article-title":"Practical management of immune-related adverse events from immune checkpoint protein antibodies for the oncologist","author":"Weber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.142.2.166","article-title":"Skin reactions in a subset of patients with stage IV melanoma treated with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 monoclonal antibody as a single agent","volume":"142","author":"Jaber","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-14-0134","article-title":"Lichenoid dermatitis in three patients with metastatic melanoma treated with anti-PD-1 therapy","volume":"3","author":"Joseph","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2016.02.025","article-title":"Cutaneous, gastrointestinal, hepatic, endocrine, and renal side-effects of anti-PD-1 therapy","volume":"60","author":"Hofmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.10.044","article-title":"Vitiligo-like lesions occurring in patients receiving anti-programmed cell death-1 therapies are clinically and biologically distinct from vitiligo","volume":"76","author":"Larsabal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2017.1679","article-title":"Nivolumab therapy for treatment-related vitiligo in a patient with relapsed metastatic melanoma","volume":"153","author":"Nakamura","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2016.05.009","article-title":"Development of bullous pemphigoid during nivolumab therapy","volume":"2","author":"Damsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAAD Case Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2017.0091","article-title":"Rituximab treatment of nivolumab-induced bullous pemphigoid","volume":"153","author":"Sowerby","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-15-0186","article-title":"Eosinophilic fasciitis and acute encephalopathy toxicity from pembrolizumab treatment of a patient with metastatic melanoma","volume":"4","author":"Khoja","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-017-0300-z","article-title":"Managing toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: consensus recommendations from the society for immunotherapy of cancer (SITC) toxicity management working group","volume":"5","author":"Puzanov","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib81","article-title":"Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: American society of clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline","volume":"14","author":"Brahmer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib82","first-page":"101","article-title":"The risk of diarrhea and colitis in patients with advanced melanoma undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Tandon","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjv227","article-title":"Cancer immunotherapy with anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies induces an inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"10","author":"Marthey","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12744","article-title":"Histopathological and immunophenotypic features of ipilimumab-associated colitis compared to ulcerative colitis","volume":"283","author":"Adler","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01547","article-title":"Checkpoint blockade toxicity and immune homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"8","author":"Dougan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e112","DOI":"10.14309\/crj.2017.112","article-title":"Checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis: a new type of inflammatory bowel disease?","volume":"4","author":"Bertha","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACG Case Rep J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13118","article-title":"PD-1 inhibitor gastroenterocolitis: case series and appraisal of 'immunomodulatory gastroenterocolitis","volume":"70","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000000374","article-title":"Hepatotoxicity after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in melanoma: natural progression and management","volume":"41","author":"Huffman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"10088","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2492","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31046-2","article-title":"Nivolumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (CheckMate 040): an open-label, non-comparative, phase 1\/2 dose escalation and expansion trial","volume":"389","author":"El-Khoueiry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.01.033","article-title":"Characterization of liver injury induced by cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"68","author":"De Martin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-013-9939-6","article-title":"Ipilimumab associated hepatitis: imaging and clinicopathologic findings","volume":"31","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Investig New Drugs"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.3064","article-title":"Incidence of endocrine dysfunction following the use of different immune checkpoint inhibitor regimens: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Barroso-Sousa","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-17-0208","article-title":"Characterization of thyroid disorders in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibition therapy","volume":"5","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw640","article-title":"Antibody-mediated thyroid dysfunction during T-cell checkpoint blockade in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"28","author":"Osorio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.205","article-title":"Cancer immunotherapy - immune checkpoint blockade and associated endocrinopathies","volume":"13","author":"Byun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-14-0845","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis, a common adverse event of the anti-CTLA-4 antibody in melanoma","volume":"172","author":"Albarel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1097\/01.cji.0000178913.41256.06","article-title":"Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 blockage can induce autoimmune hypophysitis in patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cancer","volume":"28","author":"Blansfield","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib98","article-title":"Combination immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy nivolumab and ipilimumab associated with multiple endocrinopathies","volume":"2018","author":"Gunawan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-2353","article-title":"Systemic high-dose corticosteroid treatment does not improve the outcome of ipilimumab-related hypophysitis: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"21","author":"Min","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib100","series-title":"Common terminology criteria for adverse events v4.0 (CTCAE)","author":"U.S.Department of Health And Human Service","year":"2010"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-212257","article-title":"Rheumatic disorders associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with cancer-clinical aspects and relationship with tumour response: a single-centre prospective cohort study","volume":"77","author":"Kostine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211216","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis and polymyalgia rheumatica occurring after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment","volume":"76","author":"Belkhir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23467","article-title":"Arthritis after cancer immunotherapy: symptom duration and treatment response","volume":"71","author":"Smith","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2016-000412","article-title":"Rheumatic immune-related adverse events of checkpoint therapy for cancer: case series of a new nosological entity","volume":"3","author":"Calabrese","year":"2017","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2018.02.011","article-title":"Clinical presentation of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced inflammatory arthritis differs by immunotherapy regimen","volume":"48","author":"Cappelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209595","article-title":"Inflammatory arthritis and sicca syndrome induced by nivolumab and ipilimumab","volume":"76","author":"Cappelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2377","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx286","article-title":"Tumour- and class-specific patterns of immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review","volume":"28","author":"Khoja","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4035-0","article-title":"Inflammatory tenosynovitis and enthesitis induced by immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment","volume":"37","author":"Inamo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-018-1579-1","article-title":"Nivolumab induced remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema in a patient with melanoma: a case report","volume":"12","author":"Ngo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Case Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2017.03.003","article-title":"Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) syndrome induced by nivolumab","volume":"47","author":"Gauci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-017-2410-x","article-title":"Polymyalgia rheumatica in a melanoma patient due to nivolumab treatment","volume":"143","author":"Nakamagoe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2017.10.018","article-title":"Rheumatologic symptoms in oncologic patients on PD-1 inhibitors","volume":"47","author":"Kuswanto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38282","article-title":"Drug-associated polymyalgia rheumatica\/giant cell arteritis occurring in two patients after treatment with ipilimumab, an antagonist of ctla-4","volume":"66","author":"Goldstein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol (Hoboken, N.J.)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211560","article-title":"Successful treatment of arthritis induced by checkpoint inhibitors with tocilizumab: a case series","volume":"76","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex346","article-title":"Pembrolizumab-associated inflammatory myopathy","volume":"57","author":"Gandiga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw655","article-title":"Pembrolizumab induced bulbar myopathy and respiratory failure with necrotizing myositis of the diaphragm","volume":"28","author":"Haddox","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2018.01.030","article-title":"Nivolumab-induced myositis: a case report and a literature review","volume":"387","author":"Bourgeois-Vionnet","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-016-0139-8","article-title":"Acute rhabdomyolysis with severe polymyositis following ipilimumab-nivolumab treatment in a cancer patient with elevated anti-striated muscle antibody","volume":"4","author":"Bilen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100007939","article-title":"Autoimmune inflammatory myopathy after treatment with ipilimumab","volume":"36","author":"Hunter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw126","article-title":"Pembrolizumab-induced necrotic myositis in a patient with metastatic melanoma","volume":"27","author":"Vallet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.2233","article-title":"Drug-associated dermatomyositis following ipilimumab therapy: a novel immune-mediated adverse event associated with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 blockade","volume":"151","author":"Sheik Ali","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.02.037","article-title":"Myocarditis in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"71","author":"Mahmood","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"10124","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30533-6","article-title":"Increased reporting of fatal immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis","volume":"391","author":"Moslehi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1609214","article-title":"Fulminant myocarditis with combination immune checkpoint blockade","volume":"375","author":"Johnson","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2017.1361097","article-title":"Comparative immunologic characterization of autoimmune giant cell myocarditis with ipilimumab","volume":"6","author":"Reuben","year":"2017","journal-title":"OncoImmunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib126","first-page":"2018","article-title":"New drugs and new toxicities: pembrolizumab-induced myocarditis","author":"Inayat","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib127","first-page":"92.e3","article-title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis: a new challenge for cardiologists","volume":"34","author":"Frigeri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-016-0152-y","article-title":"Cardiotoxicity associated with CTLA4 and PD1 blocking immunotherapy","volume":"4","author":"Heinzerling","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13633","article-title":"Fatal myocarditis following treatment with the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab","volume":"63","author":"Matson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2014.0105","article-title":"Ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis and uveitis in a patient with metastatic melanoma and a history of ipilimumab-induced skin rash","volume":"12","author":"Nallapaneni","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Compr Cancer Netw"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib131","article-title":"Bilateral uveitis and keratitis following nivolumab treatment for metastatic melanoma","volume":"3","author":"Baughman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Case Rep (Wilmington)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-016-0199-9","article-title":"Sarcoidosis in the setting of combination ipilimumab and nivolumab immunotherapy: a case report & review of the literature","volume":"4","author":"Reuss","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib133","first-page":"307","article-title":"Sarcoidosis following anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapy for metastatic melanoma","volume":"40","author":"Reddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1159\/000161122","article-title":"Anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody induced sarcoidosis in a metastatic melanoma patient","volume":"218","author":"Eckert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dermatology (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.37.9693","article-title":"Ipilimumab-induced sarcoidosis in a patient with metastatic melanoma undergoing complete remission","volume":"30","author":"Vogel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib136","first-page":"1355","article-title":"Sarcoidosis in a patient with metastatic melanoma sequentially treated with anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody and selective BRAF inhibitor","volume":"32","author":"Wilgenhof","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.39.3298","article-title":"Pulmonary sarcoid-like granulomatosis induced by ipilimumab","volume":"30","author":"Berthod","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2455","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1200694","article-title":"Safety and activity of anti-PD-L1 antibody in patients with advanced cancer","volume":"366","author":"Brahmer","year":"2012","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0904283","article-title":"Anti-CTLA4 antibody-induced lupus nephritis","volume":"361","author":"Fadel","year":"2009","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.03.016","article-title":"Scleroderma induced by pembrolizumab: a case series","volume":"92","author":"Barbosa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-018-0321-2","article-title":"Ipilimumab induced digital vasculitis","volume":"6","author":"Padda","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-16-1223","article-title":"Primary resistance to PD-1 blockade mediated by JAK1\/2 mutations","volume":"7","author":"Shin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.04.031","article-title":"Interferon receptor signaling pathways regulating PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression","volume":"19","author":"Garcia-Diaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep"}],"container-title":["Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521694219300440?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521694219300440?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T17:18:29Z","timestamp":1761499109000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521694219300440"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":143,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521694219300440"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6942"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6942","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Checkpoint inhibitor-associated autoimmunity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.berh.2019.03.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}