{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:01:45Z","timestamp":1793325705474,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,5]],"date-time":"2022-11-05T09:03:12Z","timestamp":1667638992000},"page":"101793","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Risk for osteoporosis and fracture with glucocorticoids"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Mariana","family":"Urquiaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth G.","family":"Saag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22346","article-title":"United States adults meeting 2010 American College of Rheumatology criteria for treatment and prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis","volume":"66","author":"Overman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker017","article-title":"Prevalence of long-term oral glucocorticoid prescriptions in the UK over the past 20 years","volume":"50","author":"Fardet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-015905","article-title":"Prevalence and prescription patterns of oral glucocorticoids in adults: a retrospective cross-sectional and cohort analysis in France","volume":"7","author":"B\u00e9nard-Laribi\u00e8re","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-015237","article-title":"Systemic glucocorticoid use in Denmark: a population-based prevalence study","volume":"7","author":"Laugesen","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib5","first-page":"e206","article-title":"Trends in mortality following hip fracture in older women","volume":"21","author":"Lo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0332-0","article-title":"A critical review of the long-term disability outcomes following hip fracture","volume":"16","author":"Dyer","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2015.1037729","article-title":"Residual lifetime and 10 year absolute risks of osteoporotic fractures in Chinese men and women","volume":"31","author":"Si","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980200108","article-title":"The epidemiology of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: a meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"van Staa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-6009(91)90139-Q","article-title":"Bone loss in response to long-term glucocorticoid therapy","volume":"8","author":"LoCascio","year":"1990","journal-title":"Bone Miner"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0394-0","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: pathophysiology and therapy","volume":"18","author":"Canalis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-005-1923-3","article-title":"High-dose glucocorticoid treatment induces rapid loss of trabecular bone mineral density and lean body mass","volume":"17","author":"Natsui","year":"2006","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta11070","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: a systematic review and cost-utility analysis","volume":"11","author":"Kanis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3455-9","article-title":"Fracture risk in oral glucocorticoid users: a Bayesian meta-regression leveraging control arms of osteoporosis clinical trials","volume":"27","author":"Amiche","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-018-0424-x","article-title":"Impact of cumulative exposure to high-dose oral glucocorticoids on fracture risk in Denmark: a population-based case-control study","volume":"13","author":"Amiche","year":"2018","journal-title":"Archives of Osteoporosis"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780240705","article-title":"Bone loss in adults receiving alternate day glucocorticoid therapy. A comparison with daily therapy","volume":"24","author":"Gluck","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/39.12.1383","article-title":"Oral corticosteroids and fracture risk: relationship to daily and cumulative doses","volume":"39","author":"van Staa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2021.106374","article-title":"Corticosteroids and bone health in people with asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"181","author":"Chalitsios","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2020.4968","article-title":"Association of potent and very potent topical corticosteroids and the risk of osteoporosis and major osteoporotic fractures","volume":"157","author":"Egeberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnx324","article-title":"The effect of epidural steroid injections on bone mineral density and vertebral fracture risk: a systematic review and critical appraisal of current literature","volume":"19","author":"Kerezoudis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3523","article-title":"Glucocorticoid exposure and fracture risk in a cohort of US patients with selected conditions","volume":"33","author":"Balasubramanian","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"45","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44667","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M300213200","article-title":"Dexamethasone enhances osteoclast formation synergistically with transforming growth factor-beta by stimulating the priming of osteoclast progenitors for differentiation into osteoclasts","volume":"278","author":"Takuma","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02147","article-title":"High-dose glucocorticoids increase serum levels of soluble IL-6 receptor alpha and its ratio to soluble gp130: an additional mechanism for early increased bone resorption","volume":"154","author":"Dovio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4382","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.10.7034","article-title":"Stimulation of osteoprotegerin ligand and inhibition of osteoprotegerin production by glucocorticoids in human osteoblastic lineage cells: potential paracrine mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis","volume":"140","author":"Hofbauer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1177\/014107687807101006","article-title":"Hormonal status in normal, osteoporotic and corticosteroid-treated postmenopausal women","volume":"71","author":"Crilly","year":"1978","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-104-5-648","article-title":"Reduction of serum testosterone levels during chronic glucocorticoid therapy","volume":"104","author":"MacAdams","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.83.3.4621","article-title":"Corticosteroid-induced bone loss in men","volume":"83","author":"Pearce","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00033.2015","article-title":"Estrogens and androgens in skeletal physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"97","author":"Almeida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib28","first-page":"883","article-title":"The localization of the functional glucocorticoid receptor alpha in human bone","volume":"85","author":"Abu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"52","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44326","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.283481","article-title":"Glucocorticoids and tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 increase oxidative stress and suppress Wnt protein signaling in osteoblasts","volume":"286","author":"Almeida","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2008.12.035","article-title":"BMP\/Wnt antagonists are upregulated by dexamethasone in osteoblasts and reversed by alendronate and PTH: potential therapeutic targets for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis","volume":"379","author":"Hayashi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.01.117","article-title":"Glucocorticoid suppresses the canonical Wnt signal in cultured human osteoblasts","volume":"329","author":"Ohnaka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(01)00422-7","article-title":"Cortisol inhibits the differentiation and apoptosis of osteoblasts in culture","volume":"28","author":"Pereira","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI2799","article-title":"Inhibition of osteoblastogenesis and promotion of apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes by glucocorticoids. Potential mechanisms of their deleterious effects on bone","volume":"102","author":"Weinstein","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650070912","article-title":"Effects of deflazacort on aspects of bone formation in cultures of intact calvariae and osteoblast-enriched cells","volume":"7","author":"Canalis","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib35","first-page":"2907","article-title":"Apoptosis of osteocytes in glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the hip","volume":"85","author":"Weinstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.051103","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-treated mice have localized changes in trabecular bone material properties and osteocyte lacunar size that are not observed in placebo-treated or estrogen-deficient mice","volume":"21","author":"Lane","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0394-0","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: pathophysiology and therapy","volume":"18","author":"Canalis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0539","article-title":"Myostatin gene deletion prevents glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy","volume":"148","author":"Gilson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G92","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00317.2006","article-title":"Prednisolone-induced Ca2+ malabsorption is caused by diminished expression of the epithelial Ca2+ channel TRPV6","volume":"292","author":"Huybers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib40","first-page":"105","article-title":"The effects of high-dose glucocorticoid administration on serum bone gamma carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein, serum alkaline phosphatase and vitamin D metabolites in normal subjects","volume":"4","author":"Nielsen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Bone Miner"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(83)90221-4","article-title":"Importance of increased urinary calcium excretion in the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism of patients under glucocorticoid therapy","volume":"32","author":"Suzuki","year":"1983","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-52-1-111","article-title":"Effects off short term glucocorticoid administration on intestinal calcium absorption and circulating vitamin D metabolite concentrations in man","volume":"52","author":"Hahn","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109902","article-title":"Production, degradation, and circulating levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in health and in chronic glucocorticoid excess","volume":"66","author":"Seeman","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib44","first-page":"339","article-title":"Low dose prednisone does not affect calcium homeostasis or bone density in postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"18","author":"Leboff","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650101114","article-title":"Intact parathyroid hormone levels are not elevated in glucocorticoid-treated subjects","volume":"10","author":"Paz-Pacheco","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00301678","article-title":"The effect of long- and short-term corticosteroids on plasma calcitonin and parathyroid hormone levels","volume":"54","author":"Hattersley","year":"1994","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4033","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-012101","article-title":"Clinical review 151: the role of parathyroid hormone in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: a re-examination of the evidence","volume":"87","author":"Rubin","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-021-05847-0","article-title":"Effectiveness of parathyroid hormone (PTH) analogues on fracture healing: a meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Eastman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib49","first-page":"144","article-title":"A polymorphism in the glucocorticoid receptor gene may be associated with and increased sensitivity to glucocorticoids in vivo","volume":"83","author":"Huizenga","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5695","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020970","article-title":"11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase types 1 and 2: an important pharmacokinetic determinant for the activity of synthetic mineralo- and glucocorticoids","volume":"87","author":"Diederich","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40137","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology guideline for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis","volume":"69","author":"Buckley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1524-7","article-title":"Guidance for the adjustment of FRAX according to the dose of glucocorticoids","volume":"22","author":"Kanis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2011.05.014","volume":"14","author":"Leib","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1528-7261","article-title":"Clinical utility of trabecular bone score (TBS) in fracture risk assessment of patients with rheumatic diseases treated with glucocorticoids","volume":"53","author":"Nowakowska-P\u0142aza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199908)42:8<1740::AID-ANR25>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"The role of vitamin D in corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: a meta-analytic approach","volume":"42","author":"Amin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib56","article-title":"Calcium and vitamin D for corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis","volume":"1998","author":"Homik","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa228","article-title":"Pharmacological prevention of fractures in patients undergoing glucocorticoid therapies: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"60","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-019-04906-x","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: 2019 concise clinical review","volume":"30","author":"Adami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl567","article-title":"Risedronate, an effective treatment for glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in CKD patients with or without concomitant active vitamin D (PRIUS-CKD)","volume":"22","author":"Fujii","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.5.919","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: a comparison of calcitriol, vitamin D plus calcium, and alendronate plus calcium","volume":"18","author":"Sambrook","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl568","article-title":"Effect of risedronate on high-dose corticosteroid-induced bone loss in patients with glomerular disease","volume":"22","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa053569","article-title":"Alendronate or alfacalcidol in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis","volume":"355","author":"de Nijs","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612825666190619125426","article-title":"Treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis with bisphosphonates alone, vitamin D alone or a combination treatment in eastern asians: a meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Pharmaceut Des"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg205","article-title":"Three-monthly ibandronate bolus injection offers favourable tolerability and sustained efficacy advantage over two years in established corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis","volume":"42","author":"Ringe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-003-1425-0","article-title":"Intermittent intravenous ibandronate injections reduce vertebral fracture risk in corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: results from a long-term comparative study","volume":"14","author":"Ringe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-1958-1","article-title":"A framework for the development of guidelines for the management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis","volume":"23","author":"Lekamwasam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-017-0324-5","article-title":"UK clinical guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"12","author":"Compston","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4081\/reumatismo.2016.870","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention and management of osteoporosis","volume":"68","author":"Rossini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reumatismo"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2014.10.001","article-title":"Update of recommendations on the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis","volume":"81","author":"Briot","year":"2014","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib70","first-page":"73","volume":"25","author":"Conradie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Premenopausal osteoporosis. Climacteric."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1202623","article-title":"Continuing bisphosphonate treatment for osteoporosis \u2014 for whom and for how long?","volume":"366","author":"Black","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2708","article-title":"Managing osteoporosis in patients on long-term bisphosphonate treatment: report of a task force of the American society for bone and mineral research","volume":"31","author":"Adler","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.25011\/cim.v40i3.28394","article-title":"Head-to-head comparisons of bisphosphonates and teriparatide in osteoporosis: a meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Invest Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib74","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of first- and second-line drugs to prevent glucocorticoid-induced fractures","volume":"105","author":"Ding","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.753185","article-title":"Four-Year teriparatide followed by denosumab vs. Continuous denosumab in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis patients with prior bisphosphonate treatment","volume":"12","author":"Hirooka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-020-01171-5","article-title":"Efficacy of once-weekly teriparatide in patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: the TOWER-GO study","volume":"39","author":"Tanaka","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metabol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S148654","article-title":"Denosumab in the treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Yanbeiy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Des Dev Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-021-00899-5","article-title":"Effects of denosumab on rheumatic diseases and refractory glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: a prospective study","volume":"16","author":"Ishida","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.4103\/tcmj.tcmj_233_20","article-title":"The molecular etiology and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis","volume":"33","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tzu Chi Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.143453","article-title":"Raloxifene for prevention of glucocorticoid-induced bone loss: a 12-month randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled trial","volume":"70","author":"Mok","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-021-02564-1","article-title":"Effectiveness of bazedoxifene in preventing glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"23","author":"Cho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440100065008","article-title":"Testosterone therapy in glucocorticoid-treated men","volume":"156","author":"Reid","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3167","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021827","article-title":"Randomized placebo-controlled trial of androgen effects on muscle and bone in men requiring long-term systemic glucocorticoid treatment","volume":"88","author":"Crawford","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"9084","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)08233-0","article-title":"Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,411 women without breast cancer. Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer","volume":"350","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9382","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14065-2","article-title":"Breast cancer and hormone-replacement therapy in the million women study","volume":"362","author":"Beral","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.3.321","article-title":"Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial","volume":"288","author":"Rossouw","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.278040","article-title":"Menopausal hormone therapy and health outcomes during the intervention and extended poststopping phases of the Women's Health Initiative randomized trials","volume":"310","author":"Manson","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521694222000523?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521694222000523?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T17:23:36Z","timestamp":1761499416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521694222000523"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521694222000523"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6942"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6942","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk for osteoporosis and fracture with glucocorticoids","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.berh.2022.101793","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101793"}}