{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T03:56:14Z","timestamp":1794369374203,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T07:31:07Z","timestamp":1739259067000},"page":"102036","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["A review on the epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis: An update and trends from current literature"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0668-5286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Perpetual","family":"Uke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9436-4328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ajesh","family":"Maharaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7368-7083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adewale","family":"Adebajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2018.10.005","article-title":"Update on the epidemiology, risk factors, and disease outcomes of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"32","year":"2018","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-020-04731-0","article-title":"The global prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis based on a systematic review","volume":"41","author":"Almutairi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4078\/jrd.2021.28.2.60","article-title":"Epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis in Korea","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatic Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib4","first-page":"591","article-title":"Global epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"18","author":"Finckh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-018-0016-9","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis: pathological mechanisms and modern pharmacologic therapies","volume":"6","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312119876146","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: pathophysiological mechanisms related to innate immune system","volume":"7","author":"Pab\u00f3n-Porras","year":"2019","journal-title":"SAGE Open Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12041291","article-title":"The burden of rheumatoid arthritis: findings from the 2019 global burden of diseases study and forecasts for 2030 by bayesian age-period-cohort analysis","volume":"12","author":"Cai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib8","first-page":"404","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis development","volume":"34","author":"Venetsanopoulou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology. Greek Rheumatology Society and Professional Association of Rheumatologists"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib9","first-page":"574","article-title":"[Epidemiological profile of rheumatoid arthritis]","volume":"61","author":"Miguel-Lavariega","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib10","series-title":"Epidemiology of, risk factors for, and possible causes of rheumatoid arthritis","author":"England","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01525-8","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"402","author":"Di Matteo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e594","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00211-4","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of rheumatoid arthritis, 1990\u20132020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"5","author":"Black","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s42358-018-0017-9","article-title":"The REAL study: a nationwide prospective study of rheumatoid arthritis in Brazil","volume":"58","author":"da Rocha Castelar-Pinheiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv Rheumatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-215920","article-title":"Global, regional and national burden of rheumatoid arthritis 1990-2017: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2017","volume":"78","author":"Safiri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib15","series-title":"Global burden of disease 2021: findings from the GBD 2021 study","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s40744-020-00252-1","article-title":"A review of the prevalence and unmet needs in the management of rheumatoid arthritis in Africa and the Middle East","volume":"8","author":"Almoallim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology and Therapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib17","first-page":"736","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis is getting less frequent-Results of a nationwide population-based cohort study","volume":"56","author":"Abhishek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib18","author":"Scott"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-017-3726-1","article-title":"Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in the United States adult population in healthcare claims databases, 2004-2014","volume":"37","author":"Hunter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2019.1682776","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis in Japan: prevalence estimates using a nationwide population-based questionnaire survey","volume":"30","author":"Kojima","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-024-05591-8","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis epidemiology: a nationwide study in Poland","volume":"44","author":"Krajewska-W\u0142odarczyk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76511-6","article-title":"The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Spain","volume":"10","author":"Silva-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216694","article-title":"Is the epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis changing? Results from a population-based incidence study, 1985-2014","volume":"79","author":"Myasoedova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s41927-019-0077-4","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Saskatchewan, Canada: 2001-2014","volume":"3","author":"Nair","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Rheumatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2019.11.007","article-title":"An increased disease burden of autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases in Korea","volume":"50","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176260","article-title":"Comorbidities of rheumatoid arthritis: results from the Korean national health and nutrition examination survey","volume":"12","author":"Jeong","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12809","article-title":"Epidemiology of rheumatic diseases in Iran from analysis of four COPCORD studies","volume":"19","author":"Davatchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-013-2430-0","article-title":"WHO-ILAR COPCORD study (stage 1, urban study) in Sanandaj, Iran","volume":"34","author":"Moghimi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2019.02.012","article-title":"Prevalence of autoimmune diseases and clinical significance of autoantibody profile: data from National Institute of Hygiene in Rabat, Morocco","volume":"80","author":"Missoum","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133858","article-title":"Prevalence of arthritis in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Usenbo","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003851","article-title":"Classification of rheumatoid arthritis: is it time to revise the criteria?","volume":"10","author":"Steiner","year":"2024","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201960","article-title":"The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in the UK: comparisons using the 2010 ACR\/EULAR classification criteria and the 1987 ACR classification criteria. Results from the Norfolk Arthritis Register","volume":"72","author":"Humphreys","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.13498","article-title":"The genetic pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic insight of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"95","author":"Zamanpoor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib34","series-title":"StatPearls [internet] treasure island (FL): StatPearls publishing","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","author":"Chauhan","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10112857","article-title":"Management of rheumatoid arthritis: an overview","volume":"10","author":"Radu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13058","article-title":"The importance of differences; on environment and its interactions with genes and immunity in the causation of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"287","author":"Klareskog","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10030509","article-title":"The key comorbidities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative review","volume":"10","author":"Taylor","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.12.029","article-title":"Disease profile of rheumatoid arthritis and its complications in hispanic population","volume":"365","author":"Cawley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9040880","article-title":"Update on the pathomechanism, diagnosis, and treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s42358-023-00318-y","article-title":"Extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis remain a major challenge: data from a large, multi-centric cohort","volume":"63","author":"Bonfiglioli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Advances in Rheumatology."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib41","article-title":"Incidence and predisposing factors of extra-articular manifestations in contemporary rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"1","author":"Ljung","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34606","article-title":"Large-scale real-world data analyses of cancer risks among patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"153","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000001007","article-title":"Updates on interstitial lung disease and other selected extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"36","author":"Myasoedova","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.25231","article-title":"Decline in incidence of extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study","volume":"76","author":"Kimbrough","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010028","article-title":"Lung damage in rheumatoid arthritis\u2014a retrospective study","volume":"24","author":"Dinache","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0011-2021","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease: manifestations and current concepts in pathogenesis and management","volume":"30","author":"Kadura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s40674-020-00160-z","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis\u2013associated interstitial lung disease: current update on prevalence, risk factors, and pharmacologic treatment","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Treatm Opt Rheumatol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa836","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence and cause-specific mortality of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease among older rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"60","author":"Sparks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40574","article-title":"The lung in rheumatoid arthritis: focus on interstitial lung disease","volume":"70","author":"Spagnolo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-37452-y","article-title":"Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis from the JointMan database","volume":"13","author":"Zhuo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42640","article-title":"Identification, monitoring, and management of rheumatoid arthritis\u2013associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"75","author":"Koduri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42162","article-title":"A risk score to detect subclinical rheumatoid arthritis\u2013associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"74","author":"Juge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2024.07.016","article-title":"Exploring cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"128","author":"Drosos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-024-06996-3","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease risk assessment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a scoping review","volume":"43","author":"Murphy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-024-03963-3","article-title":"Risk for cardiovascular disease development in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"24","author":"Bedekovi\u0107","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib56","article-title":"Increased cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis: mechanisms and implications","volume":"361","author":"England","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ (Online)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-020-04691-5","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk assessment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using carotid ultrasound B-mode imaging","volume":"40","author":"Jamthikar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"10258","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","author":"Vos","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hsr.2023.100108","article-title":"Association of cardiovascular risks in rheumatoid arthritis patients: management, treatment and future perspectives","volume":"8","author":"Johri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Sciences Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209775","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for cardiovascular disease risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory joint disorders: 2015\/2016 update","volume":"76","author":"Agca","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39480","article-title":"American College of rheumatology guideline for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"68","author":"Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10113017","article-title":"Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis: new treatment strategies","volume":"10","author":"Mueller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib63","article-title":"Clinical and pathophysiologic relevance of autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"59","author":"de Brito Rocha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Advances in rheumatology (London, England)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.1","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Smolen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key054","article-title":"Prevalence of sustained remission in rheumatoid arthritis: impact of criteria sets and disease duration, a Nationwide Study in Sweden","volume":"58","author":"Einarsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2103726","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis \u2014 common origins, divergent mechanisms","volume":"388","author":"Gravallese","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24596","article-title":"American College of rheumatology guideline for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"73","author":"Fraenkel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223356","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2022 update","volume":"82","author":"Smolen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.25123","article-title":"Physical therapists play a key role in the comprehensive management of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"75","author":"Thoma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2020.101562","article-title":"The impact of lifestyle behaviours, physical activity and smoking on morbidity and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"34","author":"Gwinnutt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42507","article-title":"American College of rheumatology guideline for exercise, rehabilitation, diet, and additional integrative interventions for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"75","author":"England","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-213585","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for physical activity in people with inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis","volume":"77","author":"Rausch Osthoff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206807","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for patient education for people with inflammatory arthritis","volume":"74","author":"Zangi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"V22","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez310","article-title":"The role of non-pharmacological interventions in the management of rheumatoid-arthritis-related fatigue","volume":"58","author":"Cramp","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000696","article-title":"Benefits and promotion of physical activity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"32","author":"Katz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"}],"container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152169422500004X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152169422500004X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T16:17:44Z","timestamp":1741882664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S152169422500004X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S152169422500004X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6942"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6942","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A review on the epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis: An update and trends from current literature","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.berh.2025.102036","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102036"}}