{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:37:38Z","timestamp":1789623458137,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006474","name":"Columbia University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006474","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T11:32:48Z","timestamp":1775129568000},"page":"102145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["CAR T cell therapy: Autoimmune neurological uses and neurotoxicities"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Alec R.","family":"Friedman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Gil-Perotin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Flanagan Wesley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-020-00323-z","article-title":"Recent advances and discoveries in the mechanisms and functions of CAR T cells","volume":"21","author":"Larson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1706169","article-title":"Chimeric antigen receptor therapy","volume":"379","author":"June","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2308917","article-title":"CD19 CAR T-Cell therapy in autoimmune disease - a case series with Follow-up","volume":"390","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-024-02429-6","article-title":"CAR-T cell therapy embarks on autoimmune disease","volume":"60","author":"Rampotas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2531","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707447","article-title":"Axicabtagene ciloleucel CAR T-Cell therapy in refractory large B-Cell lymphoma","volume":"377","author":"Neelapu","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00547-6","article-title":"Cytokine release syndrome and associated neurotoxicity in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"22","author":"Morris","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.12.758","article-title":"ASTCT consensus grading for cytokine release syndrome and neurologic toxicity associated with immune effector cells","volume":"25","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3978","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01992","article-title":"Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with chimeric antigen receptor T-Cell therapy: ASCO guideline","volume":"39","author":"Santomasso","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00933-8","article-title":"Ciltacabtagene autoleucel, a B-cell maturation antigen-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CARTITUDE-1): a phase 1b\/2 open-label study","volume":"398","author":"Berdeja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-NB2017-169","article-title":"JCAR015 in ALL: a root-cause investigation","volume":"8","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-17-1319","article-title":"Clinical and biological correlates of neurotoxicity associated with CAR T-cell therapy in patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"8","author":"Santomasso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1097\/CJI.0000000000000416","article-title":"Axicabtagene ciloleucel in patients ineligible for ZUMA-1 because of CNS involvement and\/or HIV: a multicenter experience","volume":"45","author":"Yuen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Immunother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad118","article-title":"Neurotoxicity and management of primary and secondary central nervous system lymphoma after adoptive immunotherapy with CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cells","volume":"25","author":"Karschnia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-17-0698","article-title":"Endothelial activation and blood-brain barrier disruption in neurotoxicity after adoptive immunotherapy with CD19 CAR-T cells","volume":"7","author":"Gust","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0041-7","article-title":"CAR T cell-induced cytokine release syndrome is mediated by macrophages and abated by IL-1 blockade","volume":"24","author":"Giavridis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2023.04.001","article-title":"Anakinra for refractory cytokine release syndrome or immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome after chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy","volume":"29","author":"Gazeau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transplant Cell Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2024013688","article-title":"Siltuximab for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy-related CRS and ICANS: a multicenter retrospective analysis","volume":"9","author":"Bajwa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-022-00629-1","article-title":"Incidence and management of CAR-T neurotoxicity in patients with multiple myeloma treated with ciltacabtagene autoleucel in CARTITUDE studies","volume":"12","author":"Cohen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2401857","article-title":"Parkinson's disease","volume":"391","author":"Tanner","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01564-7","article-title":"Neurocognitive and hypokinetic movement disorder with features of parkinsonism after BCMA-targeting CAR-T cell therapy","volume":"27","author":"Van Oekelen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2021.103453","article-title":"Rethinking mechanisms of neurotoxicity with BCMA directed therapy","volume":"166","author":"Mohyuddin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1369\/00221554221079579","article-title":"Comprehensive BCMA expression profiling in adult normal human brain suggests a low risk of On-target neurotoxicity in BCMA-targeting multiple myeloma therapy","volume":"70","author":"Marella","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023021429","article-title":"Chemotherapy-induced reversal of cilta-cel neurotoxicity","volume":"142","author":"Graham","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2024.0057","article-title":"Management of immunotherapy-related toxicities v2.2024","volume":"22","author":"Thompson","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Cancer Netw"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/hem3.131","article-title":"Parkinson-like neurotoxicity after idecabtagene vicleucel","volume":"8","author":"Couturier","year":"2024","journal-title":"HemaSphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e203","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(24)00715-0","article-title":"Non-ICANS neurological complications after CAR T therapy","volume":"26","author":"Graham","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2024.2506","article-title":"Parkinsonism following CAR T therapy","volume":"81","author":"Gudera","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7522","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2025.43.16_suppl.7522","article-title":"ALC and delayed toxicity after cilta-cel","volume":"43","author":"Lim","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2788","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024028172","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide mitigates neurotoxicity after cilta-cel","volume":"145","author":"Blumenberg","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2023.12.532","article-title":"Clinical experience with cranial nerve impairment in the Cartitude-1, Cartitude-2 cohorts a, B and C, and Cartitude-4 studies of ciltacabtagene autoleucel (Cilta-cel)","volume":"30","author":"van de Donk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transplant Cell Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-24-0378","article-title":"FDA approval summary: Ciltacabtagene autoleucel","volume":"30","author":"Natrajan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-025-01384-9","article-title":"Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) after cilta-cel therapy","volume":"15","author":"Korenkov","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib34","first-page":"2443","article-title":"How I treat unique and difficult-to-manage cases of CAR T-cell therapy-associated neurotoxicity","volume":"141","author":"Santomasso","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/jha2.286","article-title":"Transverse myelitis after anti-CD19 CAR T","volume":"3","author":"Sheikh","year":"2021","journal-title":"EJHaem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-025-01112-8","article-title":"Neurological complications of CAR T cell therapy","volume":"21","author":"Karschnia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024025679","article-title":"Acute myelopathy after CAR T-cell therapy","volume":"144","author":"Desch\u00eanes-Simard","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"vi149","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noab196.583","article-title":"Ncmp-11. Spinal cord infarct after CAR-T treatment","volume":"23","author":"Shah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib39","article-title":"Acute HHV6B encephalitis\/myelitis post CAR-T","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2025.578717","article-title":"Neurotoxicity associated with CAR T-cell therapy","volume":"407","author":"Wronski","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2209900","article-title":"GPRC5D-targeted CAR T cells for myeloma","volume":"387","author":"Mailankody","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2561","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1610497","article-title":"Regression of glioblastoma after CAR T therapy","volume":"375","author":"Brown","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ursu RA, Cuzzubbo SA, Carpentier AFA. Neurotoxicity from CAR T-cells: update on diagnosis and treatment. Curr Opin Neurol n.d. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001420.","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001420"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02276-w","article-title":"Tumor inflammation-associated neurotoxicity","volume":"29","author":"Mahdi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0006-x","article-title":"Anti-GD2 CAR T-cells in H3K27M diffuse midline gliomas","volume":"24","author":"Mount","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-02017-5","article-title":"Anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy for refractory systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"28","author":"Mackensen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-022-01196-w","article-title":"Evolution of Anti-B cell therapeutics in autoimmune neurological diseases","volume":"19","author":"Stathopoulos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00776","article-title":"Autoimmune pathology in myasthenia gravis disease subtypes is governed by divergent mechanisms of immunopathology","volume":"11","author":"Fichtner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib49","series-title":"Treatment of myasthenia gravis","author":"Bird","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00194-1","article-title":"Safety and clinical activity of autologous RNA chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in myasthenia gravis (MG-001): a prospective, multicentre, open-label, non-randomised phase 1b\/2a study","volume":"22","author":"Granit","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1038\/s44321-024-00043-z","article-title":"B cell lineage reconstitution underlies CAR-T cell therapeutic efficacy in patients with refractory myasthenia gravis","volume":"16","author":"Tian","year":"2024","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00375-7","article-title":"Anti-CD19 CAR T cells for refractory myasthenia gravis","volume":"22","author":"Haghikia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.04.014","article-title":"Treatment of concomitant myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with autologous CD19-targeted CAR T cells","volume":"112","author":"Motte","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2024-226017","article-title":"Clinical efficacy and autoantibody seroconversion with CD19-CAR T cell therapy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and coexisting myasthenia gravis","volume":"83","author":"Haghikia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-024-12367-4","article-title":"Bispecific BCMA\/CD19 targeted CAR-T cell therapy forces sustained disappearance of symptoms and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies in refractory myasthenia gravis: a case report","volume":"271","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2024.03.002","article-title":"CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in two patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Fischbach","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ard.2025.03.018","article-title":"Relapse after anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy in a patient with severe rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis effectively treated by autologous stem cell transplantation","volume":"84","author":"Pecher","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2025.09.020","article-title":"Anti-BCMA CAR-T therapy in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis","author":"Qin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib59","series-title":"Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: etiology, clinical features, and diagnosis","author":"Lewis","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib60","series-title":"Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: treatment and prognosis","author":"Lewis","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2025.100704","article-title":"Anti-BCMA CAR-T cell therapy in relapsed\/refractory chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy","volume":"6","author":"Dong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01278-3","article-title":"Anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy CT103A in relapsed or refractory AQP4-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: phase 1 trial interim results","volume":"8","author":"Qin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Targeted Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2403227121","article-title":"Successful use of anti-CD19 CAR T cells in severe treatment-refractory stiff-person syndrome","volume":"121","author":"Faissner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145_bib64","article-title":"CD19-Directed CAR T-Cells in a patient with refractory MOGAD: clinical and immunologic Follow-Up for 1 year","volume":"11","author":"Cabrera-Maqueda","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurology(R) Neuroimmunol Neuroinflammat"}],"container-title":["Best Practice &amp; Research Clinical Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521694226000306?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1521694226000306?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T07:47:09Z","timestamp":1781509629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1521694226000306"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1521694226000306"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-6942"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-6942","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"CAR T cell therapy: Autoimmune neurological uses and neurotoxicities","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.berh.2026.102145","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102145"}}