{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:07:46Z","timestamp":1793210866958,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001945","name":"American Psychological Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001945","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behavior Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T01:42:47Z","timestamp":1554082967000},"page":"1002-1012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["A Daily Diary Investigation of the Defective Self Model Among College Students With Recent Self-Injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Mary K.","family":"Lear","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin M.","family":"Wilkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn M.","family":"Pepper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0005","series-title":"Fixed effects regression models","author":"Allison","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2011.01.002","article-title":"Changes in ecological momentary assessment reported affect associated with episodes of nonsuicidal self-injury","volume":"42","author":"Armey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behavior Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","article-title":"The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations","volume":"51","author":"Baron","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0020","series-title":"Intensive longitudinal methods","author":"Bolger","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2012.09.033","article-title":"The relationship between trait impulsivity, negative affective states, and urge for nonsuicidal self-injury: A daily diary study","volume":"205","author":"Bresin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb8000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.12.2.121","article-title":"Centering predictor variables in cross-sectional multilevel models: A new look at an old issue","volume":"12","author":"Enders","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/2167702616662270","article-title":"Why does nonsuicidal self-injury improve mood? A preliminary test of three hypotheses","volume":"5","author":"Fox","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000093","article-title":"A brief mobile app reduces nonsuicidal and suicidal self-injury: Evidence from three randomized controlled trials","volume":"84","author":"Franklin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1348\/014466509X479771","article-title":"Self-harm in a mixed clinical population: The roles of self-criticism, shame, and social rank","volume":"49","author":"Gilbert","year":"2010","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.04.002","article-title":"Child maltreatment, non-suicidal self-injury, and the mediating role of self-criticism","volume":"45","author":"Glassman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191111411669","article-title":"One-year test-retest reliability of the Inventory of Statements about Self-Injury (ISAS)","volume":"18","author":"Glenn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1037\/arc0000008","article-title":"A laboratory examination of pain threshold and tolerance among nonsuicidal self-injurers with and without self-punishing motivations","volume":"2","author":"Hamza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Archives of Scientific Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1080\/03637750903310360","article-title":"Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium","volume":"76","author":"Hayes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Communication Monographs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1177\/2167702617745641","article-title":"Why do people hurt themselves? A new conceptual model of nonsuicidal self-injury","volume":"6","author":"Hooley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clinical Psychological Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020106","article-title":"Pain perception and nonsuicidal self-injury: A laboratory investigation","volume":"1","author":"Hooley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-018-1840-6","article-title":"Novel online daily diary interventions for nonsuicidal self-injury: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Hooley","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1177\/2167702613509372","article-title":"Nonsuicidal self-injury, pain, and self-criticism: Does changing self-worth change pain endurance in people who engage in self-injury?","volume":"2","author":"Hooley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Psychological Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2014.910789","article-title":"Predicting future suicide attempts among adolescent and emerging adult psychiatric emergency patients","volume":"44","author":"Horwitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029749","article-title":"Moral masochism: On the connection between guilt and self-punishment","volume":"13","author":"Inbar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/13811110701247602","article-title":"The epidemiology and phenomenology of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior among adolescents: A critical review of the literature","volume":"11","author":"Jacobson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Archives of Suicide Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.08.002","article-title":"The functions of deliberate self-injury: A review of the evidence","volume":"27","author":"Klonsky","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2008.02.008","article-title":"The functions of self-injury in young adults who cut themselves: Clarifying the evidence for affect regulation","volume":"166","author":"Klonsky","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-008-9107-z","article-title":"Assessing the functions of non-suicidal self-injury: Psychometric properties of the Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS)","volume":"31","author":"Klonsky","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.76.1.22","article-title":"Identifying clinically distinct subgroups of self-injurers among young adults: A latent class analysis","volume":"76","author":"Klonsky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0125","series-title":"Handbook of research methods for studying daily life","first-page":"321","article-title":"A guide for data cleaning in experience sampling studies","author":"McCabe","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1037\/h0035002","article-title":"Toward a cognitive social learning reconceptualization of personality","volume":"80","author":"Mischel","year":"1973","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0140","series-title":"Mplus user\u2019s guide","author":"Muth\u00e9n","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-9004.2007.00059.x","article-title":"An introduction to multilevel modeling for social and personality psychology","volume":"2","author":"Nezlak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Social and Personality Psychology Compass"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131258","article-title":"Self-injury","volume":"6","author":"Nock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annual Reviews of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.19.3.309","article-title":"Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview: Development, reliability, and validity in an adolescent sample","volume":"19","author":"Nock","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016948","article-title":"Revealing the form and function of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors. A real-time ecological assessment study among adolescents and young adults","volume":"118","author":"Nock","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.10.1122","article-title":"Emergency treatment of people following deliberate self-harm","volume":"62","author":"Olfson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206553","article-title":"SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models","volume":"36","author":"Preacher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods, Instruments & Computers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.40.3.879","article-title":"Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models","volume":"40","author":"Preacher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0180","series-title":"Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods","author":"Raudenbush","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000035","article-title":"Shame-related functions of and motivations for self-injurious behavior","volume":"5","author":"Schoenleber","year":"2014","journal-title":"Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.7.4.422","article-title":"Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations","volume":"7","author":"Shrout","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2011.12.050","article-title":"Direct and indirect forms of non-suicidal self-injury: Evidence for a distinction","volume":"197","author":"St. Germain","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/sltb.12070","article-title":"Prevalence of nonsuicidal self-injury in nonclinical samples: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression","volume":"44","author":"Swannell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Suicide and Life-threatening Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0205","series-title":"Using multivariate statistics","author":"Tabachnick","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22037","article-title":"Daily emotion in nonsuicidal self-injury","volume":"70","author":"Victor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2010.05.018","article-title":"Measuring the urge to self-injure : Preliminary data from a clinical sample","volume":"178","author":"Washburn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0220","series-title":"The PANAS-X: Manual for the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule \u2013 Expanded Form","author":"Watson","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036611","article-title":"Assessment of nonsuicidal self-injury: Development and initial validation of the Non-suicidal Self-Injury \u2013 Assessment Tool (NSSI-AT)","volume":"26","author":"Whitlock","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410802359734","article-title":"Variation in nonsuicidal self-injury: Identification and features of latent classes in a college population of emerging adults","volume":"37","author":"Whitlock","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2010.529626","article-title":"Nonsuicidal self-injury in a college population: General trends and sex differences","volume":"59","author":"Whitlock","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of American College Health"}],"container-title":["Behavior Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005789419300280?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005789419300280?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T09:05:09Z","timestamp":1757754309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0005789419300280"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0005789419300280"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-7894"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-7894","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A Daily Diary Investigation of the Defective Self Model Among College Students With Recent Self-Injury","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Behavior Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beth.2019.03.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}