{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T21:06:41Z","timestamp":1762981601711,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH091023","R01MH091078"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH091023","R01MH091078"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005134","name":"WILEY","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005134","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006924","name":"International OCD Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006924","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008771","name":"Tourette Association of America","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Behavior Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T20:33:55Z","timestamp":1684960435000},"page":"68-79","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Time to Response in Therapy for Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Comparison of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Supportive Psychotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2060-1666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susanne S.","family":"Hoeppner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6683-2254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret D.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Hiranandani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2919-3673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharine A.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5 Task Force (2013). (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.1843","article-title":"Sticking with it: Psychotherapy outcomes for adults with autism spectrum disorder in a university counseling center setting","volume":"10","author":"Anderberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Autism Research"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.1056","article-title":"A survival analysis of clinically significant change in outpatient psychotherapy","volume":"57","author":"Anderson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-3204.45.2.247","article-title":"Early withdrawal from mental health treatment: Implications for psychotherapy practice","volume":"45","author":"Barrett","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practicem Training"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7916(72)90045-6","article-title":"Credibility of analogue therapy rationales","volume":"3","author":"Borkovec","year":"1972","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2020.1829027","article-title":"The benefits of a longer course of cognitive behavioral therapy for some patients with social anxiety disorder","volume":"50","author":"Butler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cognitive Behaviour Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1108\/17465721111134510","article-title":"As you like it: Adopting a patient-led approach to psychological treatments","volume":"10","author":"Carey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Public Mental Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465816000643","article-title":"Using psychoeducation and role induction to improve completion rates in cognitive behavioural therapy","volume":"45","author":"Delgadillo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7916(00)00012-4","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the credibility\/expectancy questionnaire","volume":"31","author":"Devilly","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.1.102","article-title":"The Brown assessment of beliefs scale: Reliability and validity","volume":"155","author":"Eisen","year":"1998","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291719003003","article-title":"Empirically defining treatment response and remission in body dysmorphic disorder","volume":"51","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez De La Cruz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"year":"2002","series-title":"Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV-TR axis I disorders, research version, patient edition. (SCID-I\/P)","author":"First","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0060"},{"year":"1997","series-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II)","author":"First","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0065"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1037\/pst0000085","article-title":"A collaborative approach to psychotherapy termination","volume":"54","author":"Goode","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychotherapy (Chic)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0075","series-title":"The Oxford handbook of obsessive compulsive and spectrum disorders","first-page":"401","article-title":"Treatment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder","author":"Greenberg","year":"2012"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2005.03.002","article-title":"Are patient expectations still relevant for psychotherapy process and outcome?","volume":"26","author":"Greenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.06.001","article-title":"Early response to cognitive behavioral therapy for body dysmorphic disorder as a predictor of outcomes","volume":"152","author":"Greenberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0090","first-page":"329","article-title":"The psychotherapy dose-response effect and its implications for treatment delivery services","volume":"9","author":"Hansen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.05.007","article-title":"Cognitive-behavioral therapy for body dysmorphic disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"48","author":"Harrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v69n0415","article-title":"Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adult anxiety disorders","volume":"69","author":"Hofmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1348\/014466510X517406","article-title":"Therapeutic alliance mediates the effect of patient expectancy in dynamic psychotherapy","volume":"50","author":"Johansson","year":"2011","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0110","first-page":"236","article-title":"Expectancy, the therapeutic alliance, and treatment outcome in short-term individual psychotherapy","volume":"7","author":"Joyce","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3466-2","article-title":"The effects of a pretreatment educational group programme on mental health treatment outcomes: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Koksvik","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Health Services Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000237710.73755.14","article-title":"Acute time to response in the treatment for adolescents with depression study (TADS)","volume":"45","author":"Kratochvil","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2010.10.002","article-title":"Treatment utilization and barriers to treatment engagement among people with body dysmorphic symptoms","volume":"70","author":"Marques","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1037\/h0087701","article-title":"Treatment duration prediction: Client accuracy and its relationship to dropout, outcome, and satisfaction","volume":"37","author":"Mueller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice Training"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0135","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) (2005). Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Core Interventions in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Body Dysmorphic Disorder: CG31. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/cg31. [Last accessed on 2022 Oct 19]."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0140","first-page":"17","article-title":"A severity rating scale for body dysmorphic disorder: Development, reliability, and validity of a modified version of the Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale","volume":"33","author":"Phillips","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology Bulletin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0145","first-page":"12","article-title":"Body dysmorphic disorder: Recognizing and treating imagined ugliness","volume":"3","author":"Phillips","year":"2004","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.7.1280","article-title":"Suicidality in body dysmorphic disorder: A prospective study","volume":"163","author":"Phillips","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.04.004","article-title":"Psychometric evaluation of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS)","volume":"3","author":"Phillips","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders"},{"year":"1997","series-title":"A primer of supportive psychotherapy","author":"Pinsker","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0160"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1080\/10503307.2019.1566676","article-title":"The dose-response effect in routinely delivered psychological therapies: A systematic review","volume":"30","author":"Robinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychotherapy Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22999","article-title":"Dose-response patterns in low and high intensity cognitive behavioral therapy for common mental health problems","volume":"37","author":"Robinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Depression and Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103890","article-title":"Maximizing remission from cognitive-behavioral therapy in medicated adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"143","author":"Simpson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1037\/pst0000208","article-title":"Developing a collaborative relationship with clients during the initial sessions of psychotherapy","volume":"56","author":"Spencer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychotherapy (Chic)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19960715)15:13<1387::AID-SIM268>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"A nonparametric test for interval-censored failure time data with application to AIDS studies","volume":"15","author":"Sun","year":"1996","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1080\/10503307.2010.541294","article-title":"Decreasing treatment dropout by addressing expectations for treatment length","volume":"21","author":"Swift","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychotherapy Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2016.07.003","article-title":"Body dysmorphic disorder in different settings: A systematic review and estimated weighted prevalence","volume":"18","author":"Veale","year":"2016","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1002\/da.23148","article-title":"Rates of remission, sustained remission, and recurrence in a randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy versus supportive psychotherapy for body dysmorphic disorder","volume":"38","author":"Weingarden","year":"2021","journal-title":"Depression and Anxiety"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20702","article-title":"Reasons for terminating psychotherapy: A general population study","volume":"66","author":"Westmacott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1080\/10503301003645796","article-title":"Client and therapist views of contextual factors related to termination from psychotherapy: A comparison between unilateral and mutual terminators","volume":"20","author":"Westmacott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psychotherapy Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2013.12.007","article-title":"Modular cognitive-behavioral therapy for body dysmorphic disorder: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"45","author":"Wilhelm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behavioral Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.4156","article-title":"Efficacy and posttreatment effects of therapist-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy vs supportive psychotherapy for adults with body dysmorphic disorder: A randomized clinical trial","volume":"76","author":"Wilhelm","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1159\/000524628","article-title":"Efficacy of app-based cognitive behavioral therapy for body dysmorphic disorder with coach support: Initial randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"91","author":"Wilhelm","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0230","unstructured":"Xu, R. (2017). Methods for survival analysis in small samples. (Publication #2649). [Doctoral dissertation, University of Pennsylvania]. Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. https:\/\/repository.upenn.edu\/edissertations\/2649."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000001552","article-title":"Money matters in psychiatric assessment, case formulation, treatment planning, and ongoing psychotherapy: Clinical psychoeconomics","volume":"210","author":"Yager","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100069","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2019-100069","article-title":"Post hoc power analysis: Is it an informative and meaningful analysis?","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"General Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Behavior Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005789423000564?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005789423000564?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T13:56:50Z","timestamp":1762091810000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0005789423000564"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0005789423000564"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-7894"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0005-7894"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Time to Response in Therapy for Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Comparison of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Supportive Psychotherapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Behavior Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.beth.2023.05.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}