{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T09:10:27Z","timestamp":1790154627828,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GZC20241187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GZC20241187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSFC52033006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFC52033006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioactive Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T17:32:31Z","timestamp":1751650351000},"page":"32-44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Oral microbiota-regulating and inflammation-targeted polymersome-hydrogels for RNAi therapy of ulcerative colitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Huan","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongjie","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinping","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songsong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenghua","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4175-4741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0205-x","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis","volume":"6","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202411979","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species triggered cleavage of thioketal-containing supramolecular nanoparticles for inflammation-targeted oral therapy in ulcerative colitis","volume":"35","author":"Xiong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202309516","article-title":"Transient mild photothermia improves therapeutic performance of oral nanomedicines with enhanced accumulation in the colitis mucosa","volume":"36","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.05.052","article-title":"Preclinical proof of principle for orally delivered Th17 antagonist miniproteins","volume":"187","author":"Berger","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.1636","article-title":"Novel bispecific nanobody mitigates experimental intestinal inflammation in mice by targeting TNF-\u03b1 and IL-23p19 bioactivities","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00555-w","article-title":"Precision medicine in IBD: genes, drugs, bugs and omics","volume":"19","author":"Mao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1907607","article-title":"Newer biologic and small-molecule therapies for inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"385","author":"C Baumgart","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado7438","article-title":"\u201cTwo-birds-one-stone\u201d oral nanotherapeutic designed to target intestinal integrins and regulate redox homeostasis for UC treatment","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2314076","article-title":"Phase 2 trial of anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody tulisokibart for ulcerative colitis","volume":"391","author":"Sands","year":"2024","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30186-4","article-title":"De-escalation of immunomodulator and biological therapy in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"5","author":"Chapman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101646","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202101646","article-title":"Polycatechol mediated small interfering RNA delivery for the treatment of ulcerative colitis","volume":"31","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5700","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33436-0","article-title":"In vivo self-assembled siRNA as a modality for combination therapy of ulcerative colitis","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adf3887","article-title":"Oral polyphenol-armored nanomedicine for targeted modulation of gut microbiota\u2013brain interactions in colitis","volume":"9","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib14","first-page":"138","article-title":"Oral TNF-\u03b1 siRNA delivery via milk-derived exosomes for effective treatment of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"22","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.07.028","article-title":"Engineered probiotic ameliorates ulcerative colitis by restoring gut microbiota and redox homeostasis","volume":"32","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21116","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c04819","article-title":"An orally-administered nanotherapeutics with carbon monoxide supplying for inflammatory bowel disease therapy by scavenging oxidative stress and restoring gut immune homeostasis","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c11188","article-title":"Synthetic lignin-derived therapeutic nano reagent as intestinal pH-sensitive drug carriers capable of bypassing the gastric acid environment for colitis treatment","volume":"17","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202309972","article-title":"A gas therapy strategy for intestinal flora regulation and colitis treatment by nanogel-based multistage NO delivery microcapsules","volume":"36","author":"Fu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2023.122184","article-title":"Structurally dynamic self-healable hydrogel cooperatively inhibits intestinal inflammation and promotes mucosal repair for enhanced ulcerative colitis treatment","volume":"299","author":"Ge","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado8222","article-title":"Artificial mucus layer formed in response to ROS for the oral treatment of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2022.05.025","article-title":"Oral antimicrobial peptide-EGCG nanomedicines for synergistic treatment of ulcerative colitis","volume":"347","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado6798","article-title":"Oral microsphere formulation of M2 macrophage-mimetic Janus nanomotor for targeted therapy of ulcerative colitis","volume":"10","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib23","first-page":"305","article-title":"Micro-ecology restoration of colonic inflammation by in-Situ oral delivery of antibody-laden hydrogel microcapsules","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-021-00749-2","article-title":"Generation of systemic antitumour immunity via the in situ modulation of the gut microbiome by an orally administered inulin gel","volume":"5","author":"Han","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36729","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.3c03055","article-title":"Inulin inhibits the inflammatory response through modulating enteric glial cell function in type 2 diabetic mellitus mice by reshaping intestinal flora","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib26","first-page":"71","article-title":"An olsalazine nanoneedle-embedded inulin hydrogel reshapes intestinal homeostasis in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"33","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-024-01811-5","article-title":"Drinkable in situ-forming tough hydrogels for gastrointestinal therapeutics","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(88)90664-6","article-title":"Relationship of the motor activity of the antrum, pylorus, and duodenum to gastric emptying of a solid-liquid mixed meal","volume":"94","author":"Houghton","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib29","first-page":"181","article-title":"Mg-gallate metal-organic framework-based sprayable hydrogel for continuously regulating oxidative stress microenvironment and promoting neurovascular network reconstruction in diabetic wounds","volume":"38","author":"Lian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.02.004","article-title":"CD44-targeted vesicles encapsulating granzyme B as artificial killer cells for potent inhibition of human multiple myeloma in mice","volume":"320","author":"Zhong","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.05.041","article-title":"Nanoparticle-hydrogel superstructures for biomedical applications","volume":"324","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5771","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33545-w","article-title":"Hydrogen-bonds mediate liquid-liquid phase separation of mussel derived adhesive peptides","volume":"13","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8662","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c00662","article-title":"Infant skin friendly adhesive hydrogel patch activated at body temperature for bioelectronics securing and diabetic wound healing","volume":"16","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202407115","article-title":"Pyroptotic-spatiotemporally selective delivery of siRNA against pyroptosis and autoimmune diseases","volume":"36","author":"Pan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202206821","article-title":"Oral delivery of siRNA using fluorinated, small-sized nanocapsules toward anti-inflammation treatment","volume":"35","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2621.2002.00563.x","article-title":"Swelling and contraction driven mass transfer processes during osmotic dehydration of uncharged hydrogels","volume":"37","author":"Eichler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2006.11.009","article-title":"pH sensitive alginate\u2013guar gum hydrogel for the controlled delivery of protein drugs","volume":"335","author":"George","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib38","article-title":"Targeted chemotherapy for subcutaneous and orthotopic non-small cell lung tumors with cyclic RGD-functionalized and disulfide-crosslinked polymersomal doxorubicin","volume":"32","author":"Zou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Targeted Ther."},{"issue":"45","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202004692","article-title":"An orally administered CeO2@montmorillonite nanozyme targets inflammation for inflammatory bowel disease therapy","volume":"30","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5083","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40794-w","article-title":"A ferroptosis-targeting ceria anchored halloysite as orally drug delivery system for radiation colitis therapy","volume":"14","author":"Feng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2017.08.006","article-title":"Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems targeting inflammation for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib42","article-title":"Colon-targeted adhesive hydrogel microsphere for regulation of gut immunity and flora","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2660","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16162660","article-title":"Exploration of the muribaculaceae family in the gut microbiota: diversity, metabolism, and function","volume":"16","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2020.10.033","article-title":"Recent advances on dietary polyphenol's potential roles in celiac disease","volume":"107","author":"Dias","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75702-5","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory bifidobacterium strains prevent dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis and associated gut microbial dysbiosis in mice","volume":"10","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3390\/biology13030142","article-title":"Enterobacteriaceae in the human gut: dynamics and ecological roles in health and disease","volume":"13","author":"Moreira de Gouveia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00008-07","article-title":"Bacteroides: the good, the bad, and the nitty-gritty","volume":"20","author":"Wexler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-021-01115-9","article-title":"Gut microbiota from green tea polyphenol-dosed mice improves intestinal epithelial homeostasis and ameliorates experimental colitis","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.08.022","article-title":"Robust, tumor-homing and redox-sensitive polymersomal doxorubicin: a superior alternative to doxil and caelyx","volume":"239","author":"Zou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202303690","article-title":"Uplifting antitumor immunotherapy with lymph-node-targeted and ratio-controlled codelivery of tumor cell lysate and adjuvant","volume":"13","author":"Cui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.02.007","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000}}],"container-title":["Bioactive Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2452199X25002750?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2452199X25002750?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T08:47:07Z","timestamp":1767948427000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2452199X25002750"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S2452199X25002750"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039","relation":{},"ISSN":["2452-199X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2452-199X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Oral microbiota-regulating and inflammation-targeted polymersome-hydrogels for RNAi therapy of ulcerative colitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Bioactive Materials","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2025.06.039","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}