{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T19:28:17Z","timestamp":1793215697039,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003945","name":"Link\u00f6pings Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2009-00971"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009-00971"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003945","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021-04427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-04427"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001729","name":"Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RMX18-0039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RMX18-0039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001729","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018693","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101004806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101004806"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018693","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioactive Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T12:53:49Z","timestamp":1770814429000},"page":"150-171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Enzyme responsive antimicrobial hyaluronan-nanocellulose hybrid wound dressings for the treatment of infected wounds"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3893-7777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Zattarin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wasihun","family":"Bekele Kebede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7912-6105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeljana","family":"Sotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1494-6182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rozalin","family":"Shamasha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika","family":"Starkenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1180-7785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Guerrero-Florez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4246-5124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lalit","family":"Pramod Khare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torbj\u00f6rn","family":"Bengtsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3373-7864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hazem","family":"Khalaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6609-6779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma M.","family":"Bj\u00f6rk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0992-2549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Rakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3708-1978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johan P.E.","family":"Junker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7001-9415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Aili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12335","article-title":"Wound healing and all-cause mortality in 958 wound patients treated in home care","volume":"23","author":"Zarchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"issue":"24179","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib2","first-page":"15","article-title":"Biofilm-associated multi-drug resistant bacteria among burn wound infections: a cross-sectional study","volume":"13","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mediterr. J. Infect. Microbes Antimicrob."},{"issue":"9653","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61793-6","article-title":"Chronic wound care","volume":"372","author":"Werdin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2021.08.001","article-title":"A review of consecutive cases to identify the rate of underlying osteomyelitis in patients undergoing surgical treatment of gangrene of the forefoot and impact of acute infection on outcome following amputation","volume":"61","author":"Boffeli","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Foot Ankle Surg."},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib5","first-page":"ii37","article-title":"Complicated infections of skin and skin structures: when the infection is more than skin deep","volume":"53","author":"DiNubile","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib6","first-page":"iii","article-title":"Wound infection in clinical practice. An international consensus","volume":"5","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"issue":"109","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bacterial biofilm in chronic wounds and possible therapeutic approaches","volume":"13","author":"Cavallo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-021-00932-7","article-title":"Therapy of infected wounds: overcoming clinical challenges by advanced drug delivery systems","volume":"11","author":"Kaiser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Transl. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013e3181921eed","article-title":"Are topical antimicrobials effective against bacteria that are highly resistant to systemic antibiotics?","volume":"30","author":"Neely","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Burn Care Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1086\/644732","article-title":"Topical antimicrobial therapy for treating chronic wounds","volume":"49","author":"Lipsky","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"P4","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib12","article-title":"Stimulus-responsive biomacromolecule wound dressings for enhanced drug delivery in chronic wound healing: a review","volume":"281","author":"Mottaghitalab","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.152117","article-title":"3D printed and smart alginate wound dressings with pH-responsive drug and nanoparticle release","volume":"492","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.122003","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic control on the release of antimicrobial drugs from pH-responsive electrospun wound dressings","volume":"624","author":"Miranda-Calderon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2025.114178","article-title":"Thermoresponsive hydrogel dressings for precision drug","author":"Cui","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/gels9120987","article-title":"Wound microenvironment self-adjusting hydrogels with thermo-sensitivity for promoting diabetic wound healing","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib17","article-title":"Hyaluronidase-responsive bactericidal cryogel for promoting healing of infected wounds: inflammatory attenuation, ROS scavenging, and immune regulation","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.108","article-title":"Manufacture of pH- and HAase-responsive hydrogels with on-demand and continuous antibacterial activity for full-thickness wound healing","volume":"164","author":"Guan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib19","article-title":"Emerging stimuli-responsive hydrogels for enhancing chronic wound healing","author":"Yun","year":"2025","journal-title":"RSC Appl. Polym."},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib20","article-title":"Sprayable photothermal fiber-embedded hydrogels to engineer microenvironment for infected wound healing","volume":"2501242","author":"Du","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.142082","article-title":"NIR-activating glycyrrhizic acid\/carbon nanozyme injectable polysaccharides-based hydrogels for promoting polymicrobial infected wound healing","volume":"307","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TB02714G","article-title":"Near-infrared light-actuated on-demand botanicals release and hyperthermia by an antibiotic-free polysaccharide-based hydrogel dressing for the synergistic treatment of wound infections","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.03.018","article-title":"\u201cInjectable antibacterial conductive hydrogels with dual response to an electric field and pH for localized \u2018\u2018 smart \u201d drug release,\u201d","volume":"72","author":"Qu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087193","article-title":"Wound dressing modifications for accelerated healing of infected wounds","volume":"24","author":"Vivcharenko","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2009.10.009","article-title":"Synthetic therapeutic peptides: science and market","volume":"15","author":"Vlieghe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"issue":"March","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib26","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides for combating drug-resistant bacterial infections","volume":"68","author":"Xuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug Resist. Updates"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib27","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides: mechanism of action, activity and clinical potential","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mil. Med. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2015.12.015","article-title":"Synthetic antibiofilm peptides","volume":"1858","author":"De La Fuente-N\u00fa\u00f1ez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Biomembr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides: a new frontier in antifungal therapy","volume":"11","author":"De Cesare","year":"2020","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6084","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.11.6084-6089.1999","article-title":"Augmentation of innate host defense by expression of a cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide","volume":"67","author":"Bals","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"issue":"March","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib31","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides as antimicrobials for wound care management: a comprehensive review","volume":"95","author":"Kanaujia","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2021.107990","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides \u2013 unleashing their therapeutic potential using nanotechnology","volume":"232","author":"Gera","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cocis.2023.101701","article-title":"Skin and wound delivery systems for antimicrobial peptides","volume":"65","author":"Caselli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2018.0790","article-title":"Three years\u2019 experience of a novel biosynthetic cellulose dressing in burns","volume":"8","author":"Karlsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15020424","article-title":"Bacterial cellulose-based materials as dressings for wound healing","volume":"15","author":"Horue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2020.1219","article-title":"Bacterial cellulose: functional modification and wound healing applications","volume":"10","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib37","first-page":"9","volume":"8","author":"Karlsson","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000534701.57785.cd","article-title":"Treatment of nonhealing ulcers with an allograft\/xenograft substitute: a case series","volume":"31","author":"Sivl\u00e9r","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Skin Wound Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000534701.57785.cd","article-title":"Treatment of nonhealing ulcers with an allograft\/xenograft substitute: a case series","volume":"31","author":"Sivl\u00e9r","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Skin Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12623","article-title":"Wound management for the 21st century: combining effectiveness and efficiency","volume":"13","author":"Lindholm","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"issue":"February","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib42","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid\u2014Based wound dressings: a review","volume":"241","author":"Gra\u00e7a","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib43","first-page":"2756","article-title":"Wound healing potential by hyaluronate gel in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"5","author":"Al Bayaty","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. Res. Essays"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2012.00777.x","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid and wound healing","volume":"20","author":"Voigt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.7150\/jbji.17705","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid and its composites as a local antimicrobial\/antiadhesive barrier","volume":"2","author":"Roman\u00f2","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. bone Jt. Infect."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.06.165","article-title":"Bacteriostatic properties of biomatrices against common orthopaedic pathogens","volume":"321","author":"Carlson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E106","DOI":"10.25011\/cim.v31i3.3467","article-title":"Hyaluronan oligosaccharides are potential stimulators to angiogenesis via RHAMM mediated signal pathway in wound healing","volume":"31","author":"Gao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Investig. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcb.2006.05.009","article-title":"Hyaluronan fragments: an information-rich system","volume":"85","author":"Stern","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/polym10070701","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid in the third millennium","volume":"10","author":"Fallacara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Polymers (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2007.00342.x","article-title":"Differential effects of hyaluronan and its fragments on fibroblasts: relation to wound healing","volume":"16","author":"David-Raoudi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/scipharm92020023","article-title":"Wide use of hyaluronic acid in the process of wound healing\u2014A rapid review","volume":"92","author":"Antoszewska","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib52","article-title":"Controlled release of antimicrobial peptides from nanocellulose wound dressings for treatment of wound infections","volume":"32","author":"Zattarin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater. Today Bio"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3049","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.1c00502","article-title":"Injectable and pH-Sensitive hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels with On-Demand release of antimicrobial peptides for infected wound healing","volume":"22","author":"Suo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4104","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-31185-8","article-title":"Development of novel broad-spectrum antimicrobial lipopeptides derived from plantaricin NC8 \u03b2","volume":"13","author":"Wiman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"44","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13551","DOI":"10.1021\/la403201v","article-title":"Tuning the shape of mesoporous silica particles by alterations in parameter space: from rods to platelets","volume":"29","author":"Bj\u00f6rk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib56","first-page":"1","article-title":"Interplay between eskape pathogens and immunity in skin infections: an overview of the major determinants of virulence and antibiotic resistance","volume":"10","author":"de Macedo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01421-08","article-title":"Virulence potential of Escherichia coli isolates from skin and soft tissue infections","volume":"47","author":"Petkov\u0161ek","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(99)00259-2","article-title":"Effect of D-amino acid substitution on the stability, the secondary structure, and the activity of membrane-active peptide","volume":"58","author":"Hong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-06457-9","article-title":"Folding driven self-assembly of a stimuli-responsive peptide-hyaluronan hybrid hydrogel","volume":"7","author":"Seleg\u00e5rd","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ad17d1","article-title":"Proteolytic remodeling of 3D bioprinted tumor microenvironments","volume":"16","author":"Rasti Boroojeni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01269a023","article-title":"Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers","volume":"60","author":"Brunauer","year":"1938","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6757","DOI":"10.1021\/la0609571","article-title":"Improvement of the Kruk-Jaroniec-Sayari method for pore size analysis of ordered silicas with cylindrical mesopores","volume":"22","author":"Jaroniec","year":"2006","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"issue":"February 2026","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib63","article-title":"Protein-capped mesoporous silica SBA-15 enables protease-responsive and controlled antimicrobial peptide delivery","volume":"703","author":"Guerrero-Florez","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib64","series-title":"Qupath : Open Source Software for Digital Pathology Image Analysis","first-page":"1","author":"Bankhead","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/aaf657","article-title":"Fabrication of modular hyaluronan-PEG hydrogels to support 3D cultures of hepatocytes in a perfused liver-on-a-chip device","volume":"11","author":"Christoffersson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ad17d1","article-title":"SI Proteolytic remodeling of 3D bioprinted tumor microenvironments","volume":"16","author":"Rasti Boroojeni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202102097","article-title":"Bioorthogonally cross-linked hyaluronan\u2013laminin hydrogels for 3D neuronal cell culture and biofabrication","volume":"11","author":"Jury","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib68","series-title":"Nanocellulose Reinforced Hyaluronan-based Bioinks","author":"Tr\u00e4ger","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib69","first-page":"160","article-title":"Increased matrix stiffness enhances pro-tumorigenic traits in a physiologically relevant breast tissue- monocyte 3D model","volume":"178","author":"Abrahamsson","year":"2024"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ab9490","article-title":"Dynamic peptide-folding mediated biofunctionalization and modulation of hydrogels for 4D bioprinting","volume":"12","author":"Aronsson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.3c00152","article-title":"Self-assembly of nanocellulose hydrogels mimicking bacterial cellulose for wound dressing applications","volume":"24","author":"Berglund","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1038\/193293a0","article-title":"Formation of the scab and the rate of epithelization of superficial wounds in the skin of the young domestic pig","volume":"193","author":"Winter","year":"1962","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2012.0412","article-title":"Clinical impact upon wound healing and inflammation in moist, wet, and dry environments","volume":"2","author":"Junker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2020.1232","article-title":"Moist wound healing with commonly available dressings","volume":"10","author":"Nuutila","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2017.26.4.159","article-title":"Identifying, managing and preventing skin maceration: a rapid review of the clinical evidence","volume":"26","author":"Whitehead","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Wound Care"},{"issue":"April","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib76","article-title":"The controlled degradation of bacterial cellulose in simulated physiological environment by immobilization and release of cellulase","volume":"314","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2009.01.006","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of 2,3-dialdehyde bacterial cellulose for potential biodegradable tissue engineering scaffolds","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2010.06.061","article-title":"Enhanced proteolytic degradation of molecularly engineered PEG hydrogels in response to MMP-1 and MMP-2","volume":"31","author":"Patterson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.10.044","article-title":"Protease-degradable microgels for protein delivery for vascularization","volume":"113","author":"Foster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"July","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/90273","article-title":"Determination of protease cleavage site motifs using mixture-based oriented peptide libraries","volume":"19","author":"Turk","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.109005","article-title":"Peptidomic analysis of endogenous and bacterial protease activity in human plasma and wound fluids","volume":"27","author":"Cai","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12214","article-title":"Hyaluronan in wound healing: rediscovering a major player","volume":"22","author":"Aya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202501430","article-title":"Biphasic granular bioinks for biofabrication of high cell density constructs for dermal regeneration","author":"Shamasha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3953","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.4c03428","article-title":"Nanocellulose wound dressings with integrated protease sensors for detection of wound pathogens","volume":"10","author":"Eskilson","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Sens."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-475X.1996.40211.x","article-title":"Biochemical analysis of wound fluid from nonhealing and healing chronic leg ulcers","volume":"4","author":"Trengove","year":"1996","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-475X.1999.00433.x","article-title":"The proteolytic environment of chronic wounds","volume":"7","author":"Yager","year":"1999","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01418-15","article-title":"Hyaluronan modulation impacts Staphylococcus aureus biofilm infection","volume":"84","author":"Ibberson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(99)00208-1","article-title":"Maintenance of wound bacterial balance","volume":"178","author":"Robson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2021.09.002","article-title":"Identification of microbes in wounds using near-infrared spectroscopy","volume":"48","author":"Yin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NR07406C","article-title":"Injectable, self-healing mesoporous silica nanocomposite hydrogels with improved mechanical properties","volume":"13","author":"Zengin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-3659(87)90034-4","article-title":"A simple equation for description of solute release I. Fickian and non-Fickian release from non-swellable devices in the form of slabs, spheres, cylinders or discs","volume":"5","author":"Ritger","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Contr. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.3390\/gels10060356","article-title":"Composite hydrogel with oleic acid-grafted mesoporous silica nanoparticles for enhanced topical delivery of doxorubicin","volume":"10","author":"Slavkova","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gels"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib93","series-title":"Engineering a Sprayable and Elastic Hydrogel Adhesive with Antimicrobial Properties for Wound Healing","first-page":"229","author":"Annabi","year":"2024"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2006.00159.x","article-title":"Multiple bacterial species reside in chronic wounds: a longitudinal study","volume":"3","author":"Gj\u00f8dsb\u00f8l","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2018.06.007","article-title":"Microbial cellulose dressing compared with silver sulphadiazine for the treatment of partial thickness burns: a prospective, randomised, clinical trial","volume":"44","author":"Aboelnaga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Burns"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burnso.2021.06.008","article-title":"Single stage first layer biosynthetic cellulose dressing versus non-adherent gauze management in paediatric burns","volume":"5","author":"Qureshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Burn. Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftx064","article-title":"Dual action of bacteriocin PLNC8 \u03b1 \u03b2 through inhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis infection and promotion of cell proliferation","volume":"75","author":"Bengtsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pathog. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700599","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptides human b-Defensins stimulate epidermal keratinocyte migration , proliferation and production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines","volume":"127","author":"Niyonsaba","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4662","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.7.4662","article-title":"Induction of keratinocyte migration via transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor by the antimicrobial peptide LL-37","volume":"175","author":"Tokumaru","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"45","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30471","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M802185200","article-title":"The human cathelicidin LL-37 modulates the activities of the P2X 7 receptor in a structure-dependent manner","volume":"283","author":"Tomasinsig","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.712781","article-title":"The antimicrobial peptide human b-Defensin-3 accelerates wound healing by promoting angiogenesis , cell migration , and proliferation through the FGFR\/JAK2\/STAT3 signaling pathway","volume":"12","author":"Takahashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar\/ilv016","article-title":"Porcine models of cutaneous wound healing","volume":"56","author":"Seaton","year":"2015","journal-title":"ILAR J."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.08.005","article-title":"Research techniques made simple: animal models of wound healing","volume":"138","author":"Grada","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.12.025","article-title":"Topical antimicrobial peptide formulations for wound healing: current developments and future prospects","volume":"103","author":"Thapa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042_bib105","first-page":"9C.1.1","article-title":"Growth and laboratory maintenance of","volume":"28","author":"Missiakas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Bioactive Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2452199X26000435?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2452199X26000435?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T08:17:35Z","timestamp":1780301855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2452199X26000435"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":103,"alternative-id":["S2452199X26000435"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042","relation":{},"ISSN":["2452-199X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2452-199X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Enzyme responsive antimicrobial hyaluronan-nanocellulose hybrid wound dressings for the treatment of infected wounds","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Bioactive Materials","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2026.01.042","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}