{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T10:29:38Z","timestamp":1793874578042,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009088","name":"Veterin\u00e4rmedizinische Universit\u00e4t Wien","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009088","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001663","name":"Volkswagen Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0065316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0065316"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biofilm"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T13:03:06Z","timestamp":1783602186000},"page":"100380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Crosslinked agarose-gelatine beads as a substrate for investigating biofilms of bacterial pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Roizman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maren","family":"Herzog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arpita","family":"Nath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nivetha","family":"Pachaimuthu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Hujeirat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benno","family":"Kuropka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Rolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4119-8127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandro","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.56.012302.160705","article-title":"Biofilms as complex differentiated communities","volume":"56","author":"Stoodley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.16179","article-title":"Is biofilm formation intrinsic to the origin of life?","volume":"25","author":"R\u00f6mling","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0162-0","article-title":"Towards a quantitative view of the global ubiquity of biofilms","volume":"17","author":"Bar-On","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0158-9","article-title":"Bacteria and archaea on Earth and their abundance in biofilms","volume":"17","author":"Flemming","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12099","article-title":"The role of bacterial biofilms in chronic infections","author":"Bjarnsholt","year":"2013","journal-title":"APMIS Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2018.1417036","article-title":"Biofilm-related disease","volume":"16","author":"Del","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.10.024","article-title":"ESCMID guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of biofilm infections 2014","volume":"21","author":"H\u00f8iby","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2016.1208146","article-title":"Critical review on biofilm methods","volume":"43","author":"Azeredo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1139\/m77-001","article-title":"The effects of culture concentration and age, time, and temperature on bacterial attachment to polystyrene","volume":"23","author":"Fletcher","year":"1977","journal-title":"Can J Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(99)10018-1","article-title":"Robbins device in biofilm research","volume":"310","author":"Kharazmi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0473-0_47","article-title":"Methods for studying biofilm formation: flow cells and confocal laser scanning microscopy","volume":"1149","author":"Tolker-Nielsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1080\/07388551.2017.1380601","article-title":"Standardized reactors for the study of medical biofilms: a review of the principles and latest modifications","volume":"38","author":"Gomes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Rev Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2022.100069","article-title":"Clinically relevant in vitro biofilm models: a need to mimic and recapitulate the host environment","volume":"4","author":"Vyas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biofilm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-017-0840-8","article-title":"The value of cultures to modern microbiology","volume":"110","author":"Austin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antonie van Leeuwenhoek"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00698","article-title":"Progress in the development of gelling agents for improved culturability of microorganisms","volume":"6","author":"Das","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1143698","article-title":"\u00dcber den augenblicklichen Stand der bacteriologischen Choleradiagnose","volume":"19","author":"Koch","year":"1893","journal-title":"Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/0926-6577(64)90020-8","article-title":"The preparation of agarose spheres for chromatography of molecules and particles","volume":"79","author":"Hjert\u00e9n","year":"1964","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Specialized Section on Biophysical Subjects"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(00)83800-5","article-title":"Agar derivatives for chromatography, electrophoresis and gel-bound enzymes. III. Rigid agarose gels cross-linked with divinyl sulphone (dvs)","volume":"103","author":"Porath","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Chromatogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib19","first-page":"453","article-title":"A rat model of chronic respiratory infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"119","author":"Cash","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3791\/51019","article-title":"Long term chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infection in mice","author":"Facchini","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010193","article-title":"Assessing the emergence of resistance: the absence of biological cost in vivo may compromise fosfomycin treatments for P. aeruginosa infections","volume":"5","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Rojas","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157663","article-title":"The bead assay for biofilms: a quick, easy and robust method for testing disinfectants","volume":"11","author":"Konrat","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01088-17","article-title":"In vitro evaluation of biofilm dispersal as a therapeutic strategy to restore antimicrobial efficacy","volume":"61","author":"Roizman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2013-03404","article-title":"Antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of selected food preservatives against Salmonella spp. isolated from chicken samples","volume":"93","author":"Er","year":"2014","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.40.4.547-558.1940","article-title":"Relation between food concentration and surface for bacterial growth","volume":"40","author":"Heukelekian","year":"1940","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.46.1.39-56.1943","article-title":"The effect of solid surfaces upon bacterial activity","volume":"46","author":"Zobell","year":"1943","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib27","article-title":"Laboratory strains of Escherichia coli K-12: things are seldom what they seem","volume":"9","author":"Browning","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microb Genom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11030761","article-title":"Evaluation of biofilm cultivation models for efficacy testing of disinfectants against Salmonella Typhimurium biofilms","volume":"11","author":"Richter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01686","article-title":"Antimicrobial peptide induced-stress renders Staphylococcus aureus susceptible to toxic nucleoside analogs","volume":"11","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Rojas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1008649","article-title":"Non-lethal exposure to H2O2 boosts bacterial survival and evolvability against oxidative stress","volume":"16","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Rojas","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-120215-035130","article-title":"Ribosome hibernation","volume":"52","author":"Prossliner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Rev Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4638","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz187","article-title":"Transcriptional and post-transcriptional events trigger de novo infB expression in cold stressed Escherichia coli","volume":"47","author":"Brandi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp1073","article-title":"Fine-tuning of the ribosomal decoding center by conserved methyl-modifications in the Escherichia coli 16S rRNA","volume":"38","author":"Kimura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01008-18","article-title":"Escherichia coli ZipA organizes FtsZ polymers into dynamic ring-like protofilament structures","volume":"9","author":"Krupka","year":"2018","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.4.1134-1140.1996","article-title":"Analysis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase (lasB) regulatory region","volume":"178","author":"Rust","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252970","article-title":"Extracellular proteolytic activation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa aminopeptidase (PaAP) and insight into the role of its non-catalytic N-terminal domain","volume":"16","author":"Axelrad","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib37","article-title":"Novel insights on pyoverdine: from biosynthesis to biotechnological application","volume":"23","author":"Dell'Anno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4430","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.13.4430-4443.2005","article-title":"Binding of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AlgZ to sites upstream of the algZ promoter leads to repression of transcription","volume":"187","author":"Ramsey","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00505-22","article-title":"The alginate and motility regulator AmrZ is essential for the regulation of the dispersion response by Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms","volume":"7","author":"Kalia","year":"2022","journal-title":"MSphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5487","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15693","article-title":"The two Pseudomonas aeruginosa DksA stringent response proteins are largely interchangeable at the whole transcriptome level and in the control of virulence-related traits","volume":"23","author":"Fortuna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.96.2.501-514.1968","article-title":"Characteristics of the deo operon: role in thymine utilization and sensitivity to deoxyribonucleosides","volume":"96","author":"Lomax","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2020.00160","article-title":"Gene duplications in the genomes of staphylococci and enterococci","volume":"7","author":"Sanchez-Herrero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Mol Biosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/617925","article-title":"Regulation of expression of oxacillin-inducible methionine sulfoxide reductases in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"2015","author":"Baum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3622","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.10.3622-3630.2006","article-title":"Cation-induced transcriptional regulation of the dlt operon of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"188","author":"Koprivnjak","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.06412-11","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of central carbon and energy metabolism in bacteria by redox-responsive repressor Rex","volume":"194","author":"Ravcheev","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2016.00064","article-title":"FapR: from control of membrane lipid homeostasis to a biotechnological tool","volume":"3","author":"Albanesi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Mol Biosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvad039","article-title":"Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus RecX protein: molecular insights into negative regulation of RecA protein and implications in HR processes","volume":"174","author":"Kiran","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2009.01603.x","article-title":"MsrR contributes to cell surface characteristics and virulence in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"295","author":"H\u00fcbscher","year":"2009","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4861","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00194-06","article-title":"Spx is a global effector impacting stress tolerance and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"188","author":"Pamp","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5976","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00592-07","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus ArcR controls expression of the arginine deiminase operon","volume":"189","author":"Makhlin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5049","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.7b00349","article-title":"First-In-Class inhibitor of ribosomal RNA synthesis with antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"56","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00128-13","article-title":"CodY-mediated regulation of the Staphylococcus aureus Agr system integrates nutritional and population density signals","volume":"196","author":"Roux","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2846","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.181.9.2846-2851.1999","article-title":"The Staphylococcus aureus rsbW (orf159) gene encodes an anti-sigma factor of SigB","volume":"181","author":"Miyazaki","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1529-0","article-title":"The dimerization interface in VraR is essential for induction of the cell wall stress response in Staphylococcus aureus: a potential druggable target","volume":"19","author":"Tajbakhsh","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01332-18","article-title":"Inhibition of rho activity increases expression of SaeRS-Dependent virulence factor genes in Staphylococcus aureus, showing a link between transcription termination, antibiotic action, and virulence","volume":"9","author":"Nagel","year":"2018","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1916","article-title":"Establishing bacterial communities by \u201cword of mouth\u201d: LuxS and autoinducer 2 in biofilm development","volume":"6","author":"Hardie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405620102","article-title":"EsxA and EsxB are secreted by an ESAT-6-like system that is required for the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus infections","volume":"102","author":"Burts","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib58","first-page":"145","article-title":"The role of two-component signal transduction systems in Staphylococcus aureus virulence regulation","volume":"409","author":"Haag","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.01061.x","article-title":"Genetic analysis of Escherichia coli biofilm formation: roles of flagella, motility, chemotaxis and type I pili","volume":"30","author":"Pratt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01081-08","article-title":"The Pseudomonas aeruginosa pfpI gene plays an antimutator role and provides general stress protection","volume":"191","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Rojas","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2011.08.017","article-title":"Beyond the antipredatory defence: Honey bee venom function as a component of social immunity","volume":"58","author":"Baracchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(74)90139-0","article-title":"A simplified method for cyanogen bromide activation of agarose for affinity chromatography","volume":"60","author":"March","year":"1974","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.00797.x","article-title":"Initiation of biofilm formation in Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS365 proceeds via multiple, convergent signalling pathways: a genetic analysis","volume":"28","author":"O'Toole","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-024-13104-7","article-title":"Quorum quenching effect of cyclodextrins on the pyocyanin and pyoverdine production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"108","author":"Fekete-Kert\u00e9sz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2006.05.030","article-title":"High-throughput detection method of quorum-sensing molecules by colorimetry and its applications","volume":"356","author":"Yang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6016","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(20)65098-0","article-title":"The structure of melittin. II. Interpretation of the structure","volume":"257","author":"Terwilligert","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(96)00078-5","article-title":"Melittin and phospholipase A2 from bee (Apis mellifera) venom cause necrosis of murine skeletal muscle in vivo","volume":"35","author":"Ownby","year":"1997","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01994-21","article-title":"Beneficial biofilms: a minireview of strategies to enhance biofilm Formation for biotechnological applications","volume":"88","author":"Mukhi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdsr.2021.05.003","article-title":"Bacterial adhesion to biomaterials: what regulates this attachment? A review","volume":"57","author":"Kreve","year":"2021","journal-title":"Jpn Dent Sci Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.05.002","article-title":"Biofilms, flagella, and mechanosensing of surfaces by bacteria","volume":"22","author":"Belas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.01062.x","article-title":"Flagellar and twitching motility are necessary for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development","volume":"30","author":"O'Toole","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18380","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1309729110","article-title":"3D printing of microscopic bacterial communities","volume":"110","author":"Connell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aao6804","article-title":"3D printing of bacteria into functional complex materials","volume":"3","author":"Schaffner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2013.07.089","article-title":"A review of the biomaterials technologies for infection-resistant surfaces","volume":"34","author":"Campoccia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5331.1453","article-title":"The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12","volume":"277","author":"Blattner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1038\/msb4100050","article-title":"Construction of Escherichia coli K-12 in-frame, single-gene knockout mutants: the Keio collection","volume":"2","author":"Baba","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Syst Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1038\/35023079","article-title":"Complete genome sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01, an opportunistic pathogen","volume":"406","author":"Stover","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2833","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0511100103","article-title":"An ordered, nonredundant library of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA14 transposon insertion mutants","volume":"103","author":"Liberati","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5457","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.184.19.5457-5467.2002","article-title":"sigmaB modulates virulence determinant expression and stress resistance: characterization of a functional rsbU strain derived from Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4","volume":"184","author":"Horsburgh","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00051-20","article-title":"Fitness and productivity increase with ecotypic diversity among Escherichia coli strains that coevolved in a simple, constant environment","volume":"86","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.183.3.1047-1057.2001","article-title":"Role of alginate and its O acetylation in Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa microcolonies and biofilms","volume":"183","author":"Nivens","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43889","article-title":"Fluorescent reporters for markerless genomic integration in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"7","author":"de Jong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(79)90082-9","article-title":"Prolonged incubation in calcium chloride improves the competence of Escherichia coli cells","volume":"6","author":"Dagert","year":"1979","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05302.x","article-title":"Improved method for electroporation of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"73","author":"Schenk","year":"1992","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915-1922","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.5.1915-1922.2004","article-title":"Clinically feasible biofilm susceptibility assay for isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from patients with cystic fibrosis","volume":"42","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1177\/33.11.3902963","article-title":"A new fixative for the preservation of actin filaments: fixation of pure actin filament pellets","volume":"33","author":"Boyles","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7915.2010.00197.x","article-title":"Extraction, purification and identification of bacterial signal molecules based on N-acyl homoserine lactones","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microb Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3441","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.3c00159","article-title":"How hydrogel stiffness affects adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells under controlled morphology","volume":"6","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl Bio Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.261","article-title":"Protocol for micro-purification, enrichment, pre-fractionation and storage of peptides for proteomics using StageTips","volume":"2","author":"Rappsilber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2301","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2016.136","article-title":"The MaxQuant computational platform for mass spectrometry-based shotgun proteomics","volume":"11","author":"Tyanova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3901","article-title":"The Perseus computational platform for comprehensive analysis of (prote)omics data","volume":"13","author":"Tyanova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380_bib92","series-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","year":"2026"}],"container-title":["Biofilm"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590207526000377?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2590207526000377?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T10:02:59Z","timestamp":1793872979000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2590207526000377"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":92,"alternative-id":["S2590207526000377"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380","relation":{},"ISSN":["2590-2075"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2590-2075","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Crosslinked agarose-gelatine beads as a substrate for investigating biofilms of bacterial pathogens","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biofilm","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioflm.2026.100380","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100380"}}