{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T02:06:36Z","timestamp":1793066796760,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1249084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biologicals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,5]],"date-time":"2009-03-05T09:59:05Z","timestamp":1236247145000},"page":"222-229","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Antitumor effects of snake venom chemically modified Lys49 phospholipase A2-like BthTX-I and a synthetic peptide derived from its C-terminal region"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Luiz Carlos","family":"Gebrim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvana","family":"Marcussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo L.","family":"Menaldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla S.R.","family":"de Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Auro","family":"Nomizo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Am\u00e9lia","family":"Hamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elis\u00e2ngela P.","family":"Silveira-Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria In\u00eas","family":"Homsi-Brandeburgo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suely V.","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreimar M.","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veridiana M.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-1981(00)00105-0","article-title":"The expanding superfamily of phospholipase A2 enzymes: classification and characterization","volume":"1488","author":"Six","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00188-3","article-title":"Lysine 49 phospholipase A2 proteins","volume":"37","author":"Ownby","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(95)00085-Z","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 myotoxins from Bothrops snake venoms","volume":"33","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"1995","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.008","article-title":"An overview of lysine-49 phospholipase A2 myotoxins from crotalid snake venoms and their structural determinants of myotoxic action","volume":"42","author":"Lomonte","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(88)90244-9","article-title":"Fractionation of Bothrops jararacussu snake venom: partial chemical characterization and biological activity of bothropstoxin","volume":"26","author":"Homsi-Brandeburgo","year":"1988","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(92)90436-9","article-title":"Effects induced by bothropstoxin, a component from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom, on mouse and chick muscle preparations","volume":"30","author":"Heluany","year":"1992","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(01)00107-6","article-title":"Neutralization of the pharmacological effects of bothropstoxin-I from Bothrops jararacussu (jararacucu) venom by crotoxin antiserum and heparin","volume":"39","author":"Oshima-Franco","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9084(00)01150-0","article-title":"Myotoxic phospholipases A2 in Bothrops snake venoms: effect of chemical modifications on the enzymatic and pharmacological properties of bothropstoxins from Bothrops jararacussu","volume":"82","author":"Andri\u00e3o-Escarso","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2004.12.001","article-title":"Influence of temperature upon paralyzing and myotoxic effects of bothropstoxin-I on mouse neuromuscular preparations","volume":"151","author":"Cavalcante","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2005.04.008","article-title":"A predominant role for hydrogen bonding in the stability of the homodimer of bothropstoxin-I, A lysine 49-phospholipase A2","volume":"87","author":"Ruller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29867","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)43961-0","article-title":"Neutralizing interaction between heparins and myotoxin II, a lysine 49 phospholipase A2 from Bothrops asper snake venom. Identification of a heparin-binding and cytolytic toxin region by the use of synthetic peptides and molecular modeling","volume":"269","author":"Lomonte","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.1998.2530452.x","article-title":"Bactericidal activity of Lys49 and Asp49 myotoxic phospholipases A2 from Bothrops asper snake venom-synthetic Lys49 myotoxin II-(115\u2013129)-peptide identifies its bactericidal region","volume":"253","author":"P\u00e1ramo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(01)00141-6","article-title":"Identification of the myotoxic site of the Lys49 phospholipase A2 from Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus snake venom: synthetic C-terminal peptides from Lys49, but not from Asp49 myotoxins, exert membrane-damaging activities","volume":"39","author":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.09.012","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of myotoxic phospholipases A2 from crotalid snake venoms and synthetic peptide variants derived from their C-terminal region","volume":"45","author":"Santamar\u00eda","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellbi.2006.11.007","article-title":"Antitumor effects of cationic synthetic peptides derived from Lys49 phospholipase A2 homologues of snake venoms","volume":"31","author":"Araya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Biol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.004","article-title":"Chemical modifications of phospholipases A2 from snake venoms: effects on catalytic and pharmacological properties","volume":"42","author":"Soares","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1107\/S174430910601801X","article-title":"Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of a myotoxic Lys49-PLA2 from Bothrops jararacussu venom complexed with p-bromophenacyl bromide","volume":"62","author":"Marchi-Salvador","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(96)00128-6","article-title":"Chemical modification of histidine and lysine residues of myotoxic phospholipases A2 isolated from Bothrops asper and Bothrops godmani snake venoms: effects on enzymatic and pharmacological properties","volume":"35","author":"D\u00edaz-Oreiro","year":"1997","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(01)00065-6","article-title":"Effects of chemical modifications of crotoxin B, the phospholipase A2 subunit of crotoxin from Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom, on its enzymatic and pharmacological activities","volume":"33","author":"Soares","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00171-8","article-title":"Comparative study of the cytolitic activity of myotoxic phospholipase A2 on mouse endothelial (tEnd) and skeletal muscle (C2C12) cells in vitro","volume":"37","author":"Lomonte","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(72)90241-3","article-title":"Effects of Crotalus and Bothrops venom on normal and malignant cells cultivated in vitro","volume":"10","author":"Cotte","year":"1972","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(97)00097-4","article-title":"Purification and characterization of three acidic, cytotoxic phospholipases A2 from Indian cobra (Naja naja naja) venom","volume":"36","author":"Rudrammaji","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(03)00138-7","article-title":"Fractionation and characterization of Cerastes cerastes cerastes snake venom and the antitumor action of its lethal and non-lethal fractions","volume":"42","author":"Abu-Sinna","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(97)01546-X","article-title":"Mast cell degranulation induced by two phospholipase A2 homologues: dissociation between enzymatic and biological activities","volume":"343","author":"Landucci","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1999.1511","article-title":"Biological and pathological functions of phospholipase A2 receptor","volume":"372","author":"Hanasaki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-1981(00)00110-4","article-title":"Increasing molecular diversity of secreted phospholipases A2 and their receptors and binding proteins","volume":"1488","author":"Valentin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-6980(02)00022-9","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 receptor: a regulator of biological functions of secretory phospholipase A2","volume":"68\u201369","author":"Hanasaki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2006.06.008","article-title":"Binding to the high-affinity M-type receptor for secreted phospholipases A2 is not obligatory for the presynaptic neurotoxicity of ammodytoxin A","volume":"88","author":"Prijatelj","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.005","article-title":"Skeletal muscle degeneration induced by venom phospholipases A2: insights into the mechanisms of local and systemic myotoxicity","volume":"42","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2005.10.001","article-title":"Calcium plays a key role in the effects induced by a snake venom Lys49 phospholipase A2 homologue on a lymphoblastoid cell line","volume":"47","author":"Mora","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00147-0","article-title":"Lys49 phospholipase A2 myotoxins lyse cell cultures by two distinct mechanisms","volume":"36","author":"Fletcher","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2004.11.005","article-title":"Structural insights for fatty acid binding in a Lys49-phospholipase A2: crystal structure of myotoxin II from Bothrops moojeni complexed with stearic acid","volume":"87","author":"Watanabe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(98)00211-6","article-title":"Inhibition of the myotoxic activity of Bothrops asper myotoxin II in mice by immunization with its synthetic 13-mer peptide 115\u2013129","volume":"37","author":"Calderon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib34","first-page":"4023","article-title":"The effect of a lectin from the venom of the snake, Bothrops jararacussu, on tumor cell proliferation","volume":"19","author":"Pereira-Bittencourt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(01)00275-6","article-title":"Inhibition of melanoma cells tumorigenicity by the snake venom toxin jararhagin","volume":"40","author":"Corr\u00eaa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib36","first-page":"1033","article-title":"Phase I and pharmacokinetics study of crotoxin (cytotoxic PLA2, NSC-624244) in patients with advanced cancer","volume":"8","author":"Cura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2005.11.020","article-title":"Bothrops moojeni myotoxin-II, a Lys49-phospholipase A2 homologue: an example of function versatility of snake venom proteins","volume":"142","author":"St\u00e1beli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2008.05.021","article-title":"Myotoxic phospholipases A2 isolated from Bothrops brazili snake venom and synthetic peptides derived from their C-terminal region: cytotoxic effect on microorganism and tumor cells","volume":"29","author":"Costa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(03)00237-1","article-title":"Alkylation of myotoxic phospholipases A2 in Bothrops moojeni venom: a promising approach to an enhanced antivenom production","volume":"36","author":"Soares","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2003.11.006","article-title":"Inflammatory effects of snake venom myotoxic phospholipases A2","volume":"42","author":"Teixeira","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicon"}],"container-title":["Biologicals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1045105609000128?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1045105609000128?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,2]],"date-time":"2021-10-02T18:31:24Z","timestamp":1633199484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1045105609000128"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1045105609000128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biologicals.2009.01.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["1045-1056"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1045-1056","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}}}