{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T09:10:56Z","timestamp":1790413856656,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":148,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biologicals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T18:32:26Z","timestamp":1607106746000},"page":"1-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Kavina","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Cragg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Leandro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkat","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib1","series-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus","first-page":"929","author":"Rahman","year":"2008"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key170","article-title":"The British Society for Rheumatology guideline for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus in adults: reply","volume":"57","author":"Gordon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.068676","article-title":"Effect of hydroxychloroquine on the survival of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from LUMINA, a multiethnic US cohort (LUMINA L)","volume":"66","author":"Alarc\u00f3n","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24538","article-title":"Protective effect of hydroxychloroquine on renal damage in patients with lupus nephritis: LXV, data from a multiethnic US cohort","volume":"61","author":"Pons-Estel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum [Internet]"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0162-3109(00)00188-0","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil and its mechanisms of action","volume":"47","author":"Allison","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1002\/art.25052","article-title":"Nonrenal disease activity following mycophenolate mofetil or intravenous cyclophosphamide as induction treatment for lupus nephritis: findings in a multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-group clinical trial","volume":"62","author":"Ginzler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1014460","article-title":"Mycophenolate versus azathioprine as maintenance therapy for lupus nephritis","volume":"365","author":"Dooley","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib8","first-page":"57","article-title":"Studies on the Mechanism of Action of Cytoxan Evidence of Activation <em>in Vivo<\/em> and <em>in Vitro<\/em&gt","volume":"21","author":"Foley","year":"1961","journal-title":"Cancer Res [Internet]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2015.09.006","article-title":"Tacrolimus use in lupus nephritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Hannah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib10","series-title":"O11 AURORA phase 3 study demonstrates voclosporin statistical superiority over standard of care in lupus nephritis (LN)","author":"Teng","year":"2020"},{"issue":"9746","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60826-4","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"376","author":"Scott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1038\/ni0901-764","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus: an autoimmune disease of B cell hyperactivity","volume":"2","author":"Lipsky","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.184","article-title":"Autoantibodies and SLE - the threshold for disease","volume":"10","author":"Olsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.126.4.607","article-title":"Immunological studies concerning the nephritis OF systemic lupus erythematosus *","volume":"126","author":"Koffler","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780280907","article-title":"Detection of cross\u2010reactive anti\u2010DNA antibody idiotypes in the serum of systemic lupus erythematosus patients and of their relatives","volume":"28","author":"Isenberg","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem112","article-title":"Fifty years of anti-ds DNA antibodies: are we approaching journey\u2019s end?","volume":"46","author":"Isenberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.015248","article-title":"How to monitor SLE in routine clinical practice","volume":"64","author":"Fernando","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib18","article-title":"B-cell selection and the development of autoantibodies","volume":"14","author":"Giltiay","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20042251","article-title":"Defective B cell tolerance checkpoints in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"201","author":"Yurasov","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0107513","article-title":"Expression of the inherently autoreactive idiotope 9G4 on autoantibodies to citrullinated peptides and on rheumatoid factors in patients with early and established rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Cambridge","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3205","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24179","article-title":"Germinal center exclusion of autoreactive B cells is defective in human systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"115","author":"Cappione","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23498","article-title":"Activated memory B cell subsets correlate with disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: delineation by expression of CD27, IgD, and CD95","volume":"58","author":"Jacobi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2010.46","article-title":"The role of defective clearance of apoptotic cells in systemic autoimmunity","volume":"6","author":"Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol [Internet]"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.10.1453","article-title":"BAFF mediates survival of peripheral immature B lymphocytes","volume":"192","author":"Batten","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10949","article-title":"Correlation between circulating CD27highplasma cells and disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"48","author":"Jacobi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1838","article-title":"B-cell targeting in rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases","volume":"6","author":"Edwards","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib27","series-title":"Belimumab for treating active autoantibody-positive systemic lupus erythematosus (TA397)","author":"Nice","year":"2016"},{"issue":"9767","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61354-2","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"377","author":"Navarra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3918","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30613","article-title":"A phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled study of belimumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits B lymphocyte stimulator, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"63","author":"Furie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203315608254","article-title":"Association of BAFF, APRIL serum levels, BAFF-R, TACI and BCMA expression on peripheral B-cell subsets with clinical manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"25","author":"Salazar-Camarena","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib31","article-title":"A human recombinant fusion protein targeting B lymphocyte stimulator (BlyS) and a proliferation-inducing Ligand (APRIL), telitacicept (RC18), in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): results of a phase 2b study","volume":"71","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.08.010","article-title":"Type I interferon in systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases","volume":"25","author":"Banchereau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208562","article-title":"Sifalimumab, an anti-interferon-\u03b1 monoclonal antibody, in moderate to severe systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"75","author":"Khamashta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39962","article-title":"Anifrolumab, an anti\u2013interferon-\u03b1 receptor monoclonal antibody, in moderate-to-severe systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"69","author":"Furie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1912196","article-title":"Trial of anifrolumab in active systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"382","author":"Morand","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med [Internet]"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/40.2.205","article-title":"Sustained improvement in rheumatoid arthritis following a protocol designed to deplete B lymphocytes","volume":"40","author":"Edwards","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2572","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032534","article-title":"Efficacy of B-Cell\u2013Targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"350","author":"Edwards","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10541","article-title":"An open study of B lymphocyte depletion in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"46","author":"Leandro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib39","first-page":"447","article-title":"The bilag index: a reliable and valid instrument for measuring clinical disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"86","author":"Hay","year":"1993","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker018","article-title":"The efficacy of repeated treatment with B-cell depletion therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus: an evaluation","volume":"50","author":"Turner-Stokes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10764","article-title":"The relationship of Fc\u03b3RIIIa genotype to degree of B cell depletion by rituximab in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"48","author":"Anolik","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20430","article-title":"B cell depletion as a novel treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus: a phase I\/II dose-escalation trial of rituximab","volume":"50","author":"Looney","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.083162","article-title":"Variability in the biological response to anti-CD20 B cell depletion in systemic lupus erythaematosus","volume":"67","author":"Albert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203309106174","article-title":"Rituximab in systemic lupus erythematosus A systematic review of off-label use in 188 cases","volume":"18","author":"Ramos-Casals","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.10.009","article-title":"Efficacy of rituximab in 164 patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis: pooled data from European cohorts","volume":"11","author":"D\u00edaz-Lagares","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27233","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of rituximab in moderately-to-severely active systemic lupus erythematosus: the randomized, double-blind, phase II\/III systemic lupus erythematosus evaluation of rituximab trial","volume":"62","author":"Merrill","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg481","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups. XX. Damage as a predictor of further damage","volume":"43","author":"Alarc\u00f3n","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34359","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with active proliferative lupus nephritis: the Lupus Nephritis Assessment with Rituximab study","volume":"64","author":"Rovin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib49","first-page":"1","volume":"vol. 15","author":"Reddy","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib50","first-page":"168","article-title":"Rituximab versus cyclophosphamide for ANCA-associated vasculitis","volume":"17","author":"Stone","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal fur Mineralstoffwechsel"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3038","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30466","article-title":"B cell biomarkers of rituximab responses in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"63","author":"Vital","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev036","article-title":"Longer duration of B cell depletion is associated with better outcome","volume":"54","author":"Dias","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatology (United Kingdom)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38037","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ocrelizumab in active proliferative lupus nephritis: results from a randomized, double-blind, phase III study","volume":"65","author":"Mysler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-018-0568-7","article-title":"Ocrelizumab: a review in multiple sclerosis","volume":"32","author":"Syed","year":"2018","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu475","article-title":"Ofatumumab: a novel treatment for severe systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"54","author":"Thornton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211191","article-title":"Predicting and managing primary and secondary non-response to rituximab using B-cell biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"76","author":"Md Yusof My","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2015.124107","article-title":"Ofatumumab and its role as immunotherapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"100","author":"Sandhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1917246","article-title":"Ofatumumab versus teriflunomide in multiple sclerosis","volume":"383","author":"Hauser","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008416911099","article-title":"Association of serum Rituximab (IDEC-C2B8) concentration and anti-tumor response in the treatment of recurrent low-grade or follicular non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma","volume":"9","author":"Berinstein","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Oncol [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2004.03.012","article-title":"Three new assays for rituximab based on its immunological activity or antigenic properties: analyses of sera and plasmas of RTX-treated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other B cell lymphomas","volume":"289","author":"V Beum","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008265313133","article-title":"Feasibility and pharmacokinetic study of a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (IDEC-C2B8, rituximab) in relapsed B-cell lymphoma","volume":"9","author":"Tobinai","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.8.2165","article-title":"Rituximab dose-escalation trial in chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"19","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdf155","article-title":"Factors affecting toxicity, response and progression-free survival in replased patients with indolent B-cell lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma treated with rituximab: a Japanese phase II study","volume":"13","author":"Igarashi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Oncol: official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology\/ESMO"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30152","article-title":"Reduced-dose rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis: efficacy depends on degree of B cell depletion","volume":"63","author":"Vital","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204544","article-title":"An extra dose of rituximab improves clinical response in rheumatoid arthritis patients with initial incomplete B cell depletion: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"74","author":"Vital","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket004","article-title":"Serum rituximab levels and efficiency of b cell depletion: differences between patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"52","author":"Reddy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106283","article-title":"Altered immunoglobulin metabolism in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"49","author":"Levy","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V83.2.435.435","article-title":"Depletion of B Cells in vivo by a chimeric mouse human monoclonal antibody to CD20","volume":"83","author":"Reff","year":"1994","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12220","article-title":"A single dose of rituximab does not deplete b cells in secondary lymphoid organs but alters phenotype and function","volume":"13","author":"Kamburova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2666","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-07-585976","article-title":"Human T-follicular helper and T-follicular regulatory cell maintenance is independent of germinal centers","volume":"124","author":"Wallin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830400404","article-title":"Reduced expression of CD20 antigen as a characteristic marker for chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"40","author":"Almasri","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7359","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206939","article-title":"Rituximab (monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody): mechanisms of action and resistance","volume":"22","author":"Smith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"2466","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib73","article-title":"Phase I clinical trial using escalating single-dose infusion of chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (IDEC-C2B8) in patients with recurrent B-cell lymphoma","volume":"2457","author":"Maloney","year":"1994","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5191","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-01-263533","article-title":"Antigenic modulation limits the efficacy of anti-CD20 antibodies: implications for antibody selection","volume":"115","author":"Beers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2530","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-01-330357","article-title":"Fc gamma receptor IIb on target B cells promotes rituximab internalization and reduces clinical efficacy","volume":"118","author":"Lim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190902829441","article-title":"Genetic polymorphism of the inhibitory IgG Fc receptor FccRIIb is not associated with clinical outcome in patients with follicular lymphoma treated with rituximab","volume":"50","author":"Weng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60503-6","article-title":"Expression of inhibitory Fc receptor (Fc\u03b3RIIB) is a marker of poor response to rituximab monotherapy in follicular lymphoma","volume":"381","author":"Siang Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-10-569244","article-title":"Fc\u03b3-receptor-mediated trogocytosis impacts mAb-based therapies: historical precedence and recent developments","volume":"125","author":"Taylor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3111","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34560","article-title":"Rituximab mediates loss of CD19 on B cells in the absence of cell death","volume":"64","author":"Jones","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1701122","article-title":"Shaving is an epiphenomenon of type I and II anti-CD20\u2013mediated phagocytosis, whereas antigenic modulation limits type I monoclonal antibody efficacy","volume":"201","author":"Dahal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3908","article-title":"B-cell subpopulations in humans and their differential susceptibility to depletion with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies","volume":"15","author":"Leandro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.990140212","article-title":"Cd20 (pan\u2010B cell) antigen is expressed at a low level on a subpopulation of human T lymphocytes","volume":"14","author":"Hultin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21617","article-title":"Reconstitution of peripheral blood B cells after depletion with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"54","author":"Leandro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib84","first-page":"1678","article-title":"Characterization of a human B lymphocyte-specific antigen","volume":"125","author":"Stashenko","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Immunol (Baltimore, Md.\u202f: 1950)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/s002510100339","article-title":"Structural organization of the human MS4A gene cluster on Chromosome 11q12","volume":"53","author":"Liang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(94)90276-3","article-title":"CD20: a regulator of cell-cycle progression of B lymphocytes","volume":"15","author":"Tedder","year":"1994","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI40231","article-title":"CD20 deficiency in humans results in impaired T cell-independent antibody responses","volume":"120","author":"Kuijpers","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18545","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M800784200","article-title":"CD20 homo-oligomers physically associate with the B cell antigen receptor: dissociation upon receptor engagement and recruitment of phosphoproteins and calmodulin-binding proteins","volume":"283","author":"Polyak","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16971","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M708459200","article-title":"Induction of cytosolic calcium flux by CD20 is dependent upon B cell antigen receptor signaling","volume":"283","author":"Walshe","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2002.01495.x","article-title":"CD20-mediated apoptosis: signalling through lipid rafts","volume":"107","author":"Deans","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830160802","article-title":"Antibodies reactive with the B1 molecule inhibit cell cycle progression but not activation of human B lymphocytes","volume":"16","author":"Tedder","year":"1986","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2016.06.009","article-title":"Optimising B-cell depletion in autoimmune disease: is obinutuzumab the answer?","volume":"21","author":"Reddy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib93","series-title":"A study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of obinutuzumab compared with placebo in participants with lupus nephritis (LN) NCT02550652","author":"Roche","year":"2015"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-06-1761","article-title":"Complement-mediated lysis by anti-CD20 mAb correlates with segregation into lipid rafts","volume":"101","author":"Cragg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4170","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-04-149161","article-title":"Type II (tositumomab) anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody out performs type I (rituximab-like) reagents in B-cell depletion regardless of complement activation","volume":"112","author":"Beers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-07-588376","article-title":"Antigenic modulation limits the effector cell mechanisms employed by type I anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies","volume":"125","author":"Tipton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.4161\/mabs.22771","article-title":"Epitope interactions of monoclonal antibodies targeting CD20 and their relationship to functional properties","volume":"5","author":"Klein","year":"2013","journal-title":"mAbs"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-09-305847","article-title":"Epitope characterization and crystal structure of GA101 provide insights into the molecular basis for type I\/II distinction of CD20 antibodies","volume":"118","author":"Niederfellner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-04-490821","article-title":"Inhibitory Fc\u03b3RIIb (CD32b) becomes activated by therapeutic mAb in both cis and trans and drives internalization according to antibody specificity","volume":"123","author":"Vaughan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4393","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-06-225979","article-title":"Increasing the efficacy of CD20 antibody therapy through the engineering of a new type II anti-CD20 antibody with enhanced direct and immune effector cell - mediated B-cell cytotoxicity","volume":"115","author":"M\u00f6ssner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3482","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-05-504043","article-title":"Glycoengineered CD20 antibody obinutuzumab activates neutrophils and mediates phagocytosis through CD16B more efficiently than rituximab","volume":"122","author":"Golay","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/6179","article-title":"Engineered glycoforms of an antineuroblastoma IgG1 with optimized antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic activity","volume":"17","author":"Uma\u00f1a","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3280","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.5.3280","article-title":"Rituximab infusion promotes rapid complement depletion and acute CD20 loss in chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"172","author":"Kennedy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70106-7","article-title":"Addition of fresh frozen plasma as a source of complement to rituximab in advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia","volume":"8","author":"Klepfish","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3940","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.05.013","article-title":"Two immunoglobulin G fragment C receptor polymorphisms independently predict response to rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma","volume":"21","author":"Weng","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3762","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000303","article-title":"Mechanism of action of type II, glycoengineered, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody GA101 in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia whole blood assays in comparison with rituximab and alemtuzumab","volume":"186","author":"Bologna","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0171-2985(98)80032-6","article-title":"C1q deficiencies and C1q in autoimmunity C1q and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"199","author":"Walport","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"issue":"Supplement 3","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1186\/ar586","article-title":"Complement and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"4","author":"Walport","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex067","article-title":"Obinutuzumab induces superior B-cell cytotoxicity to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus patient samples","volume":"56","author":"Reddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.3.754","article-title":"Therapeutic activity of humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and polymorphism in IgG Fc receptor Fc\u03b3rIIIa gene","volume":"99","author":"Cartron","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2012.09184.x","article-title":"Platelet-associated antibodies, cellular immunity and FCGR3a genotype influence the response to rituximab in immune thrombocytopenia","volume":"158","author":"Cooper","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001524","article-title":"Influence of FCGR3A genotype on the therapeutic response to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis: an observational cohort study","volume":"2","author":"Kastbom","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2008.11.006","article-title":"Nonfucosylated rituximab potentiates human neutrophil phagocytosis through its high binding for Fc\u03b3RIIIb and MHC class II expression on the phagocytotic neutrophils","volume":"37","author":"Shibata-Koyama","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.12.8298","article-title":"High numbers of tumor-associated macrophages have an adverse prognostic value that can be circumvented by rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma enrolled onto the GELA-GOELAMS FL-2000 trial","volume":"26","author":"Canioni","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0300-9475.2004.01441.x","article-title":"Apoptotic effect of rituximab on peripheral blood B cells in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"60","author":"Szodoray","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib116","first-page":"2143","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies directed to CD20 and HLA-DR can elicit homotypic adhesion followed by lysosome-mediated cell death in human lymphoma and leukemia cells","volume":"119","author":"Ivanov","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-5-20","article-title":"Distinct gene expression profiles in different B-cell compartments in human peripheral lymphoid organs","volume":"5","author":"Shen","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051283","article-title":"BAFF regulates B cell survival by downregulating the BH3-only family member Bim via the ERK pathway","volume":"202","author":"Craxton","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22993","article-title":"Pragmatic treatment of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with rituximab: long-term effects on serum immunoglobulins","volume":"69","author":"Reddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex395","article-title":"Short-term efficacy and safety of rituximab therapy in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus: results from the british isles lupus assessment group biologics register","volume":"57","author":"McCarthy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27541","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of rituximab in systemic lupus erythematosus: results from 136 patients from the French autoimmunity and rituximab registry","volume":"62","author":"Terrier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib122","series-title":"Belimumab after B Cell depletion therapy as a new treatment for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [Internet]","author":"Ehrenstein","year":"2016"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib123","article-title":"FRI0305 Phase 2 trial of induction therapy with anti-cd20 (RITUXIMAB) followed by maintenance therapy with anti-baff (BELIMUMAB) in patients with active lupus nephritis","volume":"77","author":"Aranow","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib124","first-page":"1","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of a combined rituximab and cyclophosphamide regimen in renal anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated vasculitis","author":"McAdoo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant [Internet]"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22811","article-title":"Development of psoriasis after B cell depletion with rituximab","volume":"56","author":"Dass","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib126","article-title":"A presentation of ulcerative colitis after rituximab therapy in a patient with multiple sclerosis and literature review","volume":"22","author":"Shahmohammadi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord [Internet"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.225482","article-title":"Randomised placebo-controlled trial of rituximab (anti-CD20) in active ulcerative colitis","volume":"60","author":"Leiper","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key036","article-title":"Long-term persistence with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"57","author":"Oldroyd","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (United Kingdom)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib129","author":"Nhs England"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201940","article-title":"Joint European league against rheumatism and European renal association-European dialysis and transplant association (EULAR\/ERA-EDTA) recommendations for the management of adult and paediatric lupus nephritis","volume":"71","author":"Bertsias","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21664","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology guidelines for screening, treatment, and management of lupus nephritis","volume":"64","author":"Hahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq269","article-title":"The management of peripheral blood cytopenias in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"49","author":"Hepburn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3717","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp336","article-title":"Rituximab is an effective treatment for lupus nephritis and allows a reduction in maintenance steroids","volume":"24","author":"Pepper","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.057885","article-title":"Efficacy of rituximab (anti-CD20) for refractory systemic lupus erythematosus involving the central nervous system","volume":"66","author":"Tokunaga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203313497115","article-title":"Effects of rituximab-based B-cell depletion therapy on skin manifestations of lupus erythematosus - report of 17 cases and review of the literature","volume":"22","author":"Hofmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.144998","article-title":"Updated consensus statement on the use of rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"70","author":"Buch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcu094","article-title":"Hypogammaglobulinaemia after rituximab treatment-incidence and outcomes","volume":"107","author":"Makatsori","year":"2014","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker106a","article-title":"BSR and BHPR guidelines on the use of rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"50","author":"Bukhari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology [Internet]"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfu184","article-title":"To TDM or not to TDM in lupus nephritis patients treated with MMF?","volume":"30","author":"Van Gelder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib140","first-page":"1","article-title":"The effect of rituximab therapy on immunoglobulin levels in patients with multisystem autoimmune disease","volume":"15","author":"Marco","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Muscoskel Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.09.010","article-title":"B-cell-depleting therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"125","author":"Ramos-Casals","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Med [Internet]"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib142","article-title":"OP0164\u2005BLISS-LN: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial OF intravenous belimumab IN patients with active lupus nephritis","volume":"79","author":"Furie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib143","series-title":"Efficacy and safety of belimumab in black race patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (EMBRACE) NCT01632241","author":"GlaxoSmithKline","year":"2012"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib144","article-title":"A phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of obinutuzumab or placebo in combination with mycophenolate mofetil in patients with active class III or IV lupus nephritis [abstract]","volume":"71","author":"Furie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib145","series-title":"A study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of obinutuzumab in patients with ISN\/RPS 2003 class III or IV lupus nephritis (REGENCY)","author":"Roche","year":"2020"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2010.02.014","article-title":"Human plasmacytoid dendritic cell accumulation amplifies their type 1 interferon production","volume":"136","author":"Liao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206016","article-title":"The proteasome inhibitior bortezomib depletes plasma cells and ameliorates clinical manifestations of refractory systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"74","author":"Alexander","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10143","key":"10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31363-1","article-title":"Baricitinib for systemic lupus erythematosus: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial","volume":"392","author":"Wallace","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Biologicals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1045105620301366?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1045105620301366?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T01:14:56Z","timestamp":1760922896000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1045105620301366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":148,"alternative-id":["S1045105620301366"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1045-1056"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1045-1056","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biologicals","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biologicals.2020.11.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 International Alliance for Biological Standardization. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}