{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T12:54:45Z","timestamp":1793105685222,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioorganic Chemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]],"date-time":"2025-03-30T01:48:08Z","timestamp":1743299288000},"page":"108410","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory prodrugs for osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Iuliia","family":"Voitovich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Ty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Couderc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Moreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Peyrode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.03.012","article-title":"Economic impact of lower-limb osteoarthritis worldwide: a systematic review of cost-of-illness studies","volume":"24","author":"Salmon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2020.01.002","article-title":"Osteoarthritis year in review 2019: epidemiology and therapy","volume":"28","author":"Kloppenburg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.136","article-title":"Low-grade inflammation as a key mediator of the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis","volume":"12","author":"Robinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8293921","article-title":"The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis","volume":"2020","author":"Chow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1229-9","article-title":"Synovitis in osteoarthritis: current understanding with therapeutic implications","volume":"19","author":"Mathiessen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2016.01.019","article-title":"Inflammatory mediators in osteoarthritis: a critical review of the state-of-the-art, current prospects, and future challenges","volume":"85","author":"Rahmati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-219181","article-title":"Long-term structural and symptomatic effects of intra-articular sprifermin in patients with knee osteoarthritis: 5-year results from the FORWARD study","volume":"80","author":"Eckstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0040","first-page":"11","article-title":"The current role of disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs","volume":"11","author":"Rodriguez-Merchan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch. Bone Jt Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0045","article-title":"Osteoarthritis today: lost in translation?","author":"Kennedy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res.: Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2022.03.009","article-title":"Osteoarthritis treatment guidelines from six professional societies: similarities and differences","volume":"48","author":"Overton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheum. Dis. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.10.049","article-title":"Mechanisms of damage to the gastrointestinal tract from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs","volume":"154","author":"Bjarnason","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24008","article-title":"Comorbidities in osteoarthritis: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"72","author":"Swain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019190341","article-title":"Intra-articular corticosteroid injections in the hip and knee: perhaps not as safe as we thought?","volume":"293","author":"Kompel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0070","first-page":"141","article-title":"Peripheral intra-articular glucocorticoids injections","volume":"87","author":"Damiano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev. Rhum. Monogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-020-00672-9","article-title":"Prospects for therapies in osteoarthritis","author":"Ghouri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.2147\/OARRR.S176666","article-title":"Novel treatments for osteoarthritis: an update","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Access Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24096","article-title":"Intraarticular injection of anakinra in osteoarthritis of the knee: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"61","author":"Chevalier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-213202","article-title":"Etanercept in patients with inflammatory hand osteoarthritis (EHOA): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"77","author":"Kloppenburg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2018.02.899","article-title":"A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial of HUMira (adalimumab) for erosive hand OsteoaRthritis - the HUMOR trial","volume":"26","author":"Aitken","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060517723182","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of adalimumab by intra-articular injection for moderate to severe knee osteoarthritis: an open-label randomized controlled trial","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218547","article-title":"Efficacy of tocilizumab in patients with hand osteoarthritis: double blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial","volume":"80","author":"Richette","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.12.004","article-title":"Cartilage penetrating cationic peptide carriers for applications in drug delivery to avascular negatively charged tissues","volume":"93","author":"Vedadghavami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.07.010","article-title":"Charge based intra-cartilage delivery of single dose dexamethasone using Avidin nano-carriers suppresses cytokine-induced catabolism long term","volume":"24","author":"Bajpayee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.10.003","article-title":"Synovial and systemic pharmacokinetics (PK) of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) following intra-articular (IA) injection of an extended-release microsphere-based formulation (FX006) or standard crystalline suspension in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA)","volume":"26","author":"Kraus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2822","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.9b00232","article-title":"Intra-articular treatment of osteoarthritis with diclofenac-conjugated polymer reduces inflammation and pain","volume":"2","author":"Sulistio","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Bio Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.19404","article-title":"Drug-bearing supramolecular filament hydrogels as anti-inflammatory agents","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119520","article-title":"Cartilage-targeting and dual MMP-13\/pH responsive theranostic nanoprobes for osteoarthritis imaging and precision therapy","volume":"225","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0140","first-page":"6775","article-title":"Intra-articular injection of etoricoxib-loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA triblock copolymeric nanoparticles attenuates osteoarthritis progression","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4622","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.21346","article-title":"Intra-articular depot formulation principles: role in the management of postoperative pain and arthritic disorders","volume":"97","author":"Larsen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S357386","article-title":"Knee osteoarthritis therapy: recent advances in intra-articular drug delivery systems","volume":"16","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Des. Devel. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10054","article-title":"23Na MRI accurately measures fixed charge density in articular cartilage","volume":"47","author":"Shapiro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2015.02.003","article-title":"Proteoglycan form and function: a comprehensive nomenclature of proteoglycans","volume":"42","author":"Iozzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.210","article-title":"Cartilage-targeting drug delivery: can electrostatic interactions help?","volume":"13","author":"Bajpayee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2575","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-16-0003","article-title":"Proteoglycans as target for an innovative therapeutic approach in chondrosarcoma: preclinical proof of concept","volume":"15","author":"Peyrode","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2014.06.011","article-title":"Small rigid platforms functionalization with quaternary ammonium: targeting extracellular matrix of chondrosarcoma","volume":"10","author":"Miot-Noirault","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1782","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-011-9663-z","article-title":"Quaternary ammonium-melphalan conjugate for anticancer therapy of chondrosarcoma: in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies","volume":"30","author":"Peyrode","year":"2012","journal-title":"Investig. New Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.993151","article-title":"Assessment of 99mTc-NTP 15-5 uptake on cartilage, a new proteoglycan tracer: study protocol for a phase I trial (CARSPECT)","volume":"9","author":"Thivat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0190","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid treatment for knee and hip osteoarthritis: network meta-analysis","volume":"375","author":"da Costa","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31744-0","article-title":"Effectiveness of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of pain in knee and hip osteoarthritis: a network meta-analysis","volume":"390","author":"da Costa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1185\/030079903125002469","article-title":"Etoricoxib OA study group, a comparison of the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of etoricoxib and diclofenac in patients with osteoarthritis","volume":"19","author":"Zacher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Res. Opin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04365.x","article-title":"Disappearance kinetics of solutes from synovial fluid after intra-articular injection","volume":"38","author":"Owen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60900-9","article-title":"Vascular and upper gastrointestinal effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: meta-analyses of individual participant data from randomised trials","volume":"382","author":"Bhala","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2022.104300","article-title":"Identification of novel diclofenac acid and naproxen bearing hydrazones as 15-LOX inhibitors: design, synthesis, in vitro evaluation, cytotoxicity, and in silico studies","volume":"15","author":"Sardar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.2174\/1389557518666180330112416","article-title":"Prodrugs of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): a long march towards synthesis of safer NSAIDs","volume":"18","author":"Sehajpal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mini Rev. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2016.12.005","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization and pharmacological evaluation of certain enzymatically cleavable NSAIDs amide prodrugs","volume":"70","author":"Elsaman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-010-9364-8","article-title":"Synthesis and evaluation of novel prodrugs of naproxen","volume":"20","author":"Sharma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.201800339","article-title":"Novel ketoprofen\u2013antioxidants mutual codrugs as safer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: synthesis, kinetic and pharmacological evaluation","volume":"352","author":"Sehajpal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4005","DOI":"10.1021\/jm000178w","article-title":"Nitrosothiol esters of diclofenac: synthesis and pharmacological characterization as gastrointestinal-sparing prodrugs","volume":"43","author":"Bandarage","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17071035","article-title":"Novel NSAID-derived drugs for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"17","author":"Cacciatore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.24665","article-title":"The hydrolysis of diclofenac esters: synthetic prodrug building blocks for biodegradable drug-polymer conjugates","volume":"105","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1021\/jm991149s","article-title":"Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of novel Morpholinyl- and Methylpiperazinylacyloxyalkyl prodrugs of 2-(6-Methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid (naproxen) for topical drug delivery","volume":"43","author":"Rautio","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-011-1890-1","article-title":"First ex vivo study demonstrating that 99mTc-NTP 15-5 radiotracer binds to human articular cartilage","volume":"38","author":"Cachin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-012-2081-4","article-title":"In vivo experimental imaging of osteochondral defects and their healing using (99m)Tc-NTP 15-5 radiotracer","volume":"39","author":"Miot-Noirault","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-006-0320-2","article-title":"Early detection and monitoring of cartilage alteration in the experimental meniscectomised guinea pig model of osteoarthritis by 99mTc-NTP 15-5 scintigraphy","volume":"34","author":"Miot-Noirault","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-020-00666-7","article-title":"MMP-13 enzyme and pH responsive theranostic nanoplatform for osteoarthritis","volume":"18","author":"Lan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-021-01136-4","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanoprobe for bioimaging and targeting therapy of osteoarthritis","volume":"19","author":"Shen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01297-w","article-title":"Hierarchical functional nanoparticles boost osteoarthritis therapy by utilizing joint-resident mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"20","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202206929","article-title":"Stimulus-responsive drug delivery Nanoplatforms for osteoarthritis therapy","volume":"19","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0295","article-title":"Subchondral pO2, pCO2, pressure, pH, and lactate in human osteoarthritis of the hip","volume":"149\u2013155","author":"Kiaer","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2016.3940","article-title":"Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1\u03b1 in synovial fluid and articular cartilage is associated with disease severity in knee osteoarthritis","volume":"13","author":"Qing","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.927126","article-title":"HIF-1\u03b1 in osteoarthritis: from pathogenesis to therapeutic implications","volume":"13","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95824","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.21337","article-title":"Proteoglycan-targeting applied to hypoxia-activated prodrug therapy in chondrosarcoma: first proof-of-concept","volume":"8","author":"Voissiere","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2018.08.060","article-title":"Structure-activity relationship study of hypoxia-activated prodrugs for proteoglycan-targeted chemotherapy in chondrosarcoma","volume":"158","author":"Ghedira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2020.103747","article-title":"Design, synthesis and evaluation of targeted hypoxia-activated prodrugs applied to chondrosarcoma chemotherapy","volume":"98","author":"Gerard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2016.06.013","article-title":"Long-acting diclofenac Ester prodrugs for joint injection: kinetics, mechanism of degradation, and in vitro release from prodrug suspension","volume":"105","author":"Mertz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.5732\/cjc.012.10285","article-title":"Bioreductive prodrugs as cancer therapeutics: targeting tumor hypoxia","volume":"33","author":"Guise","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-4020(99)01031-5","article-title":"Design, synthesis and evaluation of Imidazolylmethyl carbamate prodrugs of alkylating agents","volume":"56","author":"Hay","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2410","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201600417","article-title":"Targeting a targeted drug: an approach toward hypoxia-Activatable tyrosine kinase inhibitor prodrugs","volume":"11","author":"Karnthaler-Benbakka","year":"2016","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20150650","article-title":"Nitroreductase gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy: insights and advances toward clinical utility","volume":"471","author":"Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.7b00189","article-title":"Synthesis and biological evaluation of paclitaxel and Camptothecin prodrugs on the basis of 2-Nitroimidazole","author":"Jin","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.orglett.5b00190","article-title":"Intramolecular rearrangement of \u03b1-Azidoperoxides: an efficient synthesis of tert-butyl esters","volume":"17","author":"Pramanik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Org. Lett."}],"container-title":["Bioorganic Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045206825002901?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045206825002901?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T02:26:47Z","timestamp":1762223207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045206825002901"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":71,"alternative-id":["S0045206825002901"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-2068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-2068","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory prodrugs for osteoarthritis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Bioorganic Chemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioorg.2025.108410","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108410"}}