{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T03:57:59Z","timestamp":1793159879989,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioorganic Chemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T07:43:34Z","timestamp":1773906214000},"page":"109774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["In vitro, in vivo, and in silico profiling of optimized hydrazide-hydrazone indole congeners as multi-faceted AChE, BACE1, and MAO-B inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Mona F.","family":"Said","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riham A.","family":"El-Shiekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walaa","family":"Wadie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enas A.","family":"Abd El-Haleim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hend A.","family":"Hamouda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haidy H.","family":"El-Zoheiry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2689","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21719","article-title":"A multitude of signaling pathways associated with Alzheimer's disease and their roles in AD pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"41","author":"Gadhave","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X18666200807130637","article-title":"Neurodegenerative pathways in Alzheimer's disease: a review","volume":"19","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5954","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23115954","article-title":"Neurotransmitters\u2014key factors in neurological and neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system","volume":"23","author":"Teleanu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-024-04333-y","article-title":"An expanded narrative review of neurotransmitters on Alzheimer's disease: the role of therapeutic interventions on neurotransmission","volume":"62","author":"Akyuz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2766","DOI":"10.2174\/138161210793176572","article-title":"Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease","volume":"16","author":"Agostinho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3740461","article-title":"Current concepts of neurodegenerative mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"2018","author":"Magalingam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14052","article-title":"Cholinergic modulation of the hippocampal region and memory function","volume":"142","author":"Haam","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2010.05.033","article-title":"The basal forebrain cholinergic system in aging and dementia. Rescuing cholinergic neurons from neurotoxic amyloid-\u03b242 with memantine","volume":"221","author":"Nyakas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-024-02712-2","article-title":"Characterization of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) as a biomarker of reactive astrogliosis in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias","volume":"147","author":"Jaisa-aad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1993.15","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide production by monoamine oxidase during ischemia-reperfusion in the rat brain","volume":"13","author":"Simonson","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112787","article-title":"A comprehensive review of monoamine oxidase inhibitors as anti-Alzheimer's disease agents: a review","volume":"206","author":"Manzoor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201800355RRRR","article-title":"Integrated communications between cyclooxygenase-2 and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"33","author":"Guan","year":"2019","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.9981","article-title":"Increased expression of cyclooxygenases and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-\u03b3 in Alzheimer's disease brains","volume":"254","author":"Kitamura","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2023.101729","article-title":"Exploring the role of COX-2 in Alzheimer's disease: potential therapeutic implications of COX-2 inhibitors","volume":"31","author":"Moussa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-021-00270-1","article-title":"The role of pathological tau in synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer's diseases","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.5847","article-title":"Amyloid-\u03b2 and tau: the trigger and bullet in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis","volume":"71","author":"Bloom","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2025.117720","article-title":"Probing new 3-hydrazinyl indole phenacetamide derivatives as multitarget anti-Alzheimer: synthesis, in vivo, in vitro, and in silico studies","volume":"295","author":"Said","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0090","article-title":"Alignments between cortical neurochemical systems, proteinopathy and neurophysiological alterations along the Alzheimer's disease continuum","volume":"4","author":"Wiesman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Rx iv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19377","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.321448","article-title":"Inhibition of choline acetyltransferase as a mechanism for cholinergic dysfunction induced by amyloid-\u03b2 peptide oligomers","volume":"287","author":"Nunes-Tavares","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4017","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612827666210612051713","article-title":"Exploring the role of monoamine oxidase activity in aging and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"27","author":"Rahman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-013-1423-y","article-title":"Oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2020.128308","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization, UV\u2013vis absorption and cholinesterase inhibition properties of bis-indolyl imine ligand systems","volume":"1215","author":"Saglam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2020.128202","article-title":"The design of novel 4,6-dimethoxyindole based hydrazide-hydrazones: molecular modeling, synthesis and anticholinesterase activity","volume":"1213","author":"Bingul","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1007\/s00706-019-02462-y","article-title":"Synthesis of indole-2-carbohydrazides and 2-(indol-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles as antioxidants and their acetylcholinesterase inhibition properties","volume":"150","author":"Bingul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Monatsh. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksus.2021.101401","article-title":"Synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation, and kinetic study of indole base sulfonamide derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in search of potent anti-Alzheimer agent","volume":"33","author":"Taha","year":"2021","journal-title":"J King Saud Univ Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2660","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2022.2126464","article-title":"Design and synthesis of new indole drug candidates to treat Alzheimer's disease and targeting neuro-inflammation using a multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) strategy","volume":"37","author":"Lamie","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29092127","article-title":"Indole-based compounds in the development of anti-neurodegenerative agents","volume":"29","author":"Barresi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2025.117200","article-title":"Evaluation of novel selective MAO-B inhibitors using immobilized enzymes on magnetic beads","volume":"268","author":"dos Reis","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47606","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.3c05719","article-title":"Development of a new class of monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors by fine-tuning the halogens on the Acylhydrazones","volume":"8","author":"Jayan","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0150","article-title":"Targeting MAO-B with small-molecule inhibitors: a decade of advances in anticancer research (2012\u20132024)","volume":"30","author":"Alsaad","year":"2025","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17658","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c03967","article-title":"Development and mechanism investigation of novel Thioacetalized indoles as Antiphytoviral agents","volume":"71","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2018.1471475","article-title":"Evaluation of sulphonamide derivatives acting as inhibitors of human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II and mycobacterium tuberculosis \u03b2-class enzyme Rv3273","volume":"33","author":"Wani","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2022.2036137","article-title":"Synthesis, molecular modelling and QSAR study of new N-phenylacetamide-2-oxoindole benzensulfonamide conjugates as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with antiproliferative activity","volume":"37","author":"Said","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tet.2020.131835","article-title":"First discovery of pimprinine derivatives and analogs as novel potential herbicidal, insecticidal and nematicidal agents","volume":"79","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2005.11.018","article-title":"NMR study of conformation and isomerization of aryl- and heteroarylaldehyde 4-tert-butylphenoxyacetylhydrazones","volume":"788","author":"Syakaev","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2010.01.033","article-title":"New cu(II), co(II), Ni(II) complexes with aroyl-hydrazone based ligand. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and in vitro antibacterial evaluation","volume":"45","author":"Angelusiu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1134\/S1070428009050030","article-title":"Tautomerism and conformational isomerism of mercaptoacetylhydrazones of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes","volume":"45","author":"Ershov","year":"2009","journal-title":"Russ. J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ica.2009.05.062","article-title":"Bis-acyl\u2212\/aroyl-hydrazones as multidentate ligands","volume":"362","author":"Stadler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inorganica Chim Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2024.109640","article-title":"Structure-based design of new anticancer N3-substituted quinazolin-4-ones as type I ATP-competitive inhibitors targeting the deep hydrophobic pocket of EGFR","volume":"186","author":"El-Mahdy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Comput. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2013.03.005","article-title":"Synthesis of novel 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents","volume":"63","author":"Ragab","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110303","article-title":"Hibiscus sabdariffa L.: a potent natural neuroprotective agent for the prevention of streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease in mice","volume":"128","author":"El-Shiekh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-24292-5","article-title":"Performance of the intracerebroventricularly injected streptozotocin Alzheimer's disease model in a translationally relevant, aged and experienced rat population","volume":"12","author":"G\u00e1sp\u00e1r","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1515\/jbcpp-2020-0173","article-title":"Effects of berberine on cholinesterases and monoamine oxidase activities, and antioxidant status in the brain of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats","volume":"33","author":"Adefegha","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Basic Clin. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.02.072","article-title":"S-allyl cysteine attenuates oxidative stress associated cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration in mouse model of streptozotocin-induced experimental dementia of Alzheimer's type","volume":"1389","author":"Javed","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s11571-017-9471-z","article-title":"Protective effects of evodiamine in experimental paradigm of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cogn. Neurodyn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.112293","article-title":"Synthesis, pharmacological profile and 2D-QSAR studies of curcumin-amino acid conjugates as potential drug candidates","volume":"196","author":"Panda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5739","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0710626105","article-title":"Structure of human monoamine oxidase a at 2.2-a resolution: the control of opening the entry for substrates\/inhibitors","volume":"105","author":"Son","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15761","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M500949200","article-title":"Demonstration of isoleucine 199 as a structural determinant for the selective inhibition of human monoamine oxidase B by specific reversible inhibitors","volume":"280","author":"Hub\u00e1lek","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12684","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0505975102","article-title":"Three-dimensional structure of human monoamine oxidase a (MAO a): relation to the structures of rat MAO a and human MAO B","volume":"102","author":"De Colibus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1080\/17568919.2024.2366158","article-title":"Barbiturate-sulfonate hybrids as potent cholinesterase inhibitors: design, synthesis and molecular modeling studies","volume":"16","author":"Kassem","year":"2024","journal-title":"Future Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19637","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-68743-7","article-title":"Metabolites profiling, in-vitro and molecular docking studies of five legume seeds for Alzheimer's disease","volume":"14","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2024.119316","article-title":"Essential oils of Plumeria alba L. and Plumeria rubra L. growing in Egypt: GC\/MS analysis, molecular dynamics and in-vitro anti-cholinesterase activity","volume":"221","author":"El-Shiekh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-007-1356-2","article-title":"Multiwell fluorometric and colorimetric microassays for the evaluation of beta-secretase (BACE-1) inhibitors","volume":"388","author":"Mancini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7254.2006.00336.x","article-title":"High-throughput screening for monoamine oxidase-a and monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors using one-step fluorescence assay","volume":"27","author":"Guang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2020.104807","article-title":"Highly efficient synthesis and monoamine oxidase B inhibitory profile of demethyleneberberine, columbamine and palmatine","volume":"139","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26237240","article-title":"Activity-guided characterization of COX-2 inhibitory compounds in Waltheria indica L. extracts","volume":"26","author":"Termer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-111-27849","article-title":"Carrageenin-induced edema in hind paw of the rat as an assay for Antiinflammatory drugs","volume":"111","author":"Winter","year":"1962","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43532-9","article-title":"Rational design, cognition and neuropathology evaluation of QTC-4-MeOBnE in a streptozotocin-induced mouse model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease","volume":"9","author":"Fronza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2018.05.010","article-title":"Targeting central \u03b22 receptors ameliorates streptozotocin-induced neuroinflammation via inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase3 pathway in mice","volume":"86","author":"Abdel Rasheed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2018.10.012","article-title":"Role of simvastatin and insulin in memory protection in a rat model of diabetes mellitus and dementia","volume":"144","author":"Fawzy Fahim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(84)90007-4","article-title":"Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat","volume":"11","author":"Morris","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0310","first-page":"476","article-title":"The novel object recognition test in rodents: which are the essential methodological aspects?","volume":"28","author":"Moscardo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proceedings of Measuring Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-017-1357-4","article-title":"Protective effect of valproic acid in streptozotocin-induced sporadic Alzheimer's disease mouse model: possible involvement of the cholinergic system","volume":"390","author":"Sorial","year":"2017","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0320","series-title":"Handbook of Histopathological and Histochemical Techniques","year":"1974"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10282","DOI":"10.1021\/jm300871x","article-title":"Structures of human acetylcholinesterase in complex with pharmacologically important ligands","volume":"55","author":"Cheung","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4129-14.2015","article-title":"The potent BACE1 inhibitor LY2886721 elicits robust central a\u03b2 pharmacodynamic responses in mice, dogs, and humans","volume":"35","author":"May","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5848","DOI":"10.1021\/jm070677y","article-title":"Structures of human monoamine oxidase B complexes with selective noncovalent inhibitors: safinamide and Coumarin analogs","volume":"50","author":"Binda","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20084","article-title":"UCSF chimera - a visualization system for exploratory research and analysis","volume":"25","author":"Pettersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2946-4-17","article-title":"SOFTWARE Open Access Avogadro: an advanced semantic chemical editor, visualization, and analysis platform","volume":"4","author":"Hanwell","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cheminform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0355","article-title":"DockRMSD: an open-source tool for atom mapping and RMSD calculation of symmetric molecules through graph isomorphism","volume":"11","author":"Bell","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3891","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.1c00203","article-title":"AutoDock Vina 1.2.0: new docking methods, expanded force field, and Python bindings","volume":"61","author":"Eberhardt","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chem. Inf. Model."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21334","article-title":"AutoDock Vina: improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading","volume":"31","author":"Trott","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0014475","article-title":"Scalable molecular dynamics on CPU and GPU architectures with NAMD","volume":"153","author":"Phillips","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21963","article-title":"MATCH: an atom-typing toolset for molecular mechanics force fields","volume":"33","author":"Yesselman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W331","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx312","article-title":"LigParGen web server: an automatic OPLS-AA parameter generator for organic ligands","volume":"45","author":"Dodda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774_bb0385","series-title":"VMD: Visual Molecular Dynamics","author":"Humphrey","year":"1996"}],"container-title":["Bioorganic Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004520682600310X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S004520682600310X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T13:19:44Z","timestamp":1775913584000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S004520682600310X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":77,"alternative-id":["S004520682600310X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-2068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-2068","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"In vitro, in vivo, and in silico profiling of optimized hydrazide-hydrazone indole congeners as multi-faceted AChE, BACE1, and MAO-B inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease therapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Bioorganic Chemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.109774","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109774"}}