{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T16:47:35Z","timestamp":1792255655015,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioorganic Chemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:23:15Z","timestamp":1792020195000},"page":"110545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Anti-HIV-1 activity and mechanism of action of homoplantaginin: A multitarget flavonoid compound"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuzhen","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuehua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingyu","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiemei","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1159\/000445852","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","volume":"43","author":"BLOOD G A C","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transfus. Med. Hemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0010","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.08.002","article-title":"Synergistic effect of dual targeting vaccine adjuvant with aminated beta-glucan and CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides for both humoral and cellular immune responses","volume":"78","author":"Jin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0020","article-title":"Adjuvant-dependent enhancement of HIV env-specific antibody responses in infant rhesus macaques","author":"Phillips","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Virol\u00a092,20 e01051-18."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/v16071163","article-title":"HIV persistence, latency, and cure approaches: where are we now?","volume":"16","author":"Chou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-3-77","article-title":"The cell biology of HIV-1 and other retroviruses","volume":"3","author":"Freed","year":"2006","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2018.03.007","article-title":"Polypharmacology in HIV inhibition: can a drug with simultaneous action against two relevant targets be an alternative to combination therapy?","volume":"150","author":"de Castro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0040","first-page":"44","article-title":"A brief history of antiretroviral therapy of HIV infection: success and challenges","volume":"47","author":"Palmisano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Ist. Super. Sanita"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222112020","article-title":"A critical review of the biochemical mechanisms and epigenetic modifications in HIV- and antiretroviral-induced metabolic syndrome","volume":"22","author":"Mohan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.2174\/1574884714666190905162237","article-title":"Mitochondrial and oxidative impacts of short and long-term administration of HAART on HIV patients","volume":"15","author":"Ikekpeazu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-296","article-title":"Predictors of first-line antiretroviral therapy discontinuation due to drug-related adverse events in HIV-infected patients: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Prosperi","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1582066","article-title":"Homoplantaginin inhibits the progression of ulcerative colitis in mice by regulating the MMP9-RLN2 signaling axis","volume":"12","author":"Tao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgad087","article-title":"Homoplantaginin attenuates high glucose-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction via inhibiting store-operated calcium entry channel and endoplasmic reticulum stress","volume":"75","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0070","article-title":"Homoplantaginin exerts therapeutic effects on intervertebral disc degeneration by alleviating TNF-\u03b1-induced nucleus pulposus cell senescence and inflammation","volume":"16","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.02.007","article-title":"Recent advances in the characterization of HIV-1 neutralization assays for standardized evaluation of the antibody response to infection and vaccination","volume":"375","author":"Polonis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3265","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1500656112","article-title":"Extracellular ATP induces the rapid release of HIV-1 from virus containing compartments of human macrophages","volume":"112","author":"Graziano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.76.5.2233-2244.2002","article-title":"Regional clustering of shared neutralization determinants on primary isolates of clade C human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from South Africa","volume":"76","author":"Bures","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32208-0","article-title":"Identification of IOMA-class neutralizing antibodies targeting the CD4-binding site on the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein","volume":"13","author":"van Schooten","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890450115","article-title":"Infectious virus titer, replicative and syncytium-inducing capacity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1","volume":"45","author":"Nkengasong","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.1021\/acschembio.5b00542","article-title":"Engineering metamorphic chemokine lymphotactin\/XCL1 into the GAG-binding, HIV-inhibitory dimer conformation","volume":"10","author":"Fox","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3490","article-title":"HIV-1 assembly, release and maturation","volume":"13","author":"Freed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2747","article-title":"The structural biology of HIV-1: mechanistic and therapeutic insights","volume":"10","author":"Engelman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2008.10.071","article-title":"Structure and function of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase: molecular mechanisms of polymerization and inhibition","volume":"385","author":"Sarafianos","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0120","first-page":"95","article-title":"HIV protease inhibitors: a review of molecular selectivity and toxicity","volume":"7","author":"Lv","year":"2015","journal-title":"HIV AIDS (Auckl)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-023-02130-y","article-title":"Withania somnifera extracts induced attenuation of HIV-1: a mechanistic approach to restrict viral infection","volume":"20","author":"Jadaun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-023-04215-1","article-title":"Network pharmacology-based strategy to investigate the effect and mechanism of alpha-solanine against glioma","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Med. Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0135","first-page":"101","article-title":"Aging, inflammation, and HIV infection","volume":"20","author":"Aberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Topics Antiviral Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000910","article-title":"Monocytes across life span in HIV infection: lights and shadows","volume":"20","author":"Neri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. HIV AIDS"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1086\/315191","article-title":"Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor augments phagocytosis of Mycobacterium avium complex by human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected monocytes\/macrophages in vitro and in vivo","volume":"181","author":"Kedzierska","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4128398","article-title":"Immune dysfunction in HIV: a possible role for pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in HIV staging","volume":"2017","author":"Akase","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2012.0309","article-title":"Persistently elevated serum interleukin-6 predicts mortality among adults receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in Botswana: results from a clinical trial","volume":"29","author":"Mcdonald","year":"2013","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Hum. Retrovir."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124903","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin protects the genital mucosal epithelial barrier from disruption and blocks replication of HIV-1 and HSV-2","volume":"10","author":"Ferreira","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2018.11.018","article-title":"IP-10 is highly involved in HIV infection","volume":"115","author":"Lei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(02)00045-4","article-title":"The C-X-C chemokine IP-10 stimulates HIV-1 replication","volume":"307","author":"Lane","year":"2003","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00802-9","article-title":"HIV-1 Vif suppresses antiviral immunity by targeting STING","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0180","first-page":"43","article-title":"Interferon responses in HIV infection: from protection to disease","volume":"16","author":"Sivro","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2018.03.003","article-title":"Type I interferon and HIV: subtle balance between antiviral activity, immunopathogenesis and the microbiome","volume":"40","author":"Scagnolari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37383","article-title":"Soybean-derived Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI) inhibits HIV replication in macrophages","volume":"6","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"6693","key":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adl2016","article-title":"Interferon-\u03b3 and infectious diseases: lessons and prospects","volume":"384","author":"Casanova","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science"}],"container-title":["Bioorganic Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045206826010813?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0045206826010813?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T16:34:02Z","timestamp":1792254842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0045206826010813"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S0045206826010813"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545","relation":{},"ISSN":["0045-2068"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0045-2068","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Anti-HIV-1 activity and mechanism of action of homoplantaginin: A multitarget flavonoid compound","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Bioorganic Chemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bioorg.2026.110545","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110545"}}