{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T04:30:43Z","timestamp":1781757043692,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]],"date-time":"2018-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","em-consulte.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomedicine &amp; Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,9]],"date-time":"2018-11-09T05:38:59Z","timestamp":1541741939000},"page":"1339-1345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Bacoside-A inhibits inflammatory cytokines and chemokine in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1047-9153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krishnadas","family":"Madhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakash","family":"T","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"S","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/65.2.124","article-title":"Dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis lesions: maturation stage, myelin uptake, and interaction with proliferating T cells","volume":"65","author":"Serafini","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2550","article-title":"Autoimmune T cell responses in the central nervous system","volume":"9","author":"Goverman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-82502009000400006","article-title":"Anticonvulsant activity of Bacopa Monnieri in rodents","volume":"45","author":"Kaushik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Braz. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.10.009","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory activity of Bacopa monniera in rodents","volume":"104","author":"Channa","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0025","first-page":"65","article-title":"Anticholinesterase efficacy of bacopa monnieri against the brain regions of rat - a novel approach to therapy for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"26","author":"Ahirwar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian J. Exp. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.4685","article-title":"Bacopa monnieri increases cerebral blood flow in rat independent of blood pressure","volume":"27","author":"Kamkaew","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-1807-z","article-title":"A bacosides containing Bacopa monnieri extract alleviates allodynia and hyperalgesia in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain in rats","volume":"17","author":"Shahid","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000000862","article-title":"Bacopa monnieri extract enhances learning-dependent hippocampal long-term synaptic potentiation","volume":"28","author":"Promsuban","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0045","series-title":"Topics in Biomedical Gerontology","first-page":"335","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus type 2 induces brain aging and memory impairment in mice: neuroprotective effects of bacopa monnieri extract","author":"Pandey","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-011-9367-y","article-title":"Prevention of age-associated neurodegeneration and promotion of healthy brain ageing in female Wistar rats by long term use of bacosides","volume":"13","author":"Rastogi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1023","article-title":"Antistress effects of bacosides of Bacopa monnieri: modulation of Hsp70 expression, superoxide dismutase and cytochrome P450 activity in rat brain","volume":"16","author":"Chowdhuri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.6b00438","article-title":"Bacoside-A, an Indian Traditional-Medicine Substance, Inhibits beta-Amyloid Cytotoxicity, Fibrillation, and Membrane Interactions","volume":"8","author":"Malishev","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.3.1821","article-title":"Intrathecal delivery of IFN- protects C57BL\/6 mice from chronic-progressive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by increasing apoptosis of central nervous system-infiltrating lymphocytes","volume":"167","author":"Furlan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.05.034","article-title":"An experimental model of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis that shows regional variation in gliosis, remyelination, axonal and neuronal loss","volume":"201\u2013202","author":"Hampton","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2013.08.009","article-title":"Cladribine interferes with IL-1\u03b2 synaptic effects in experimental multiple sclerosis","volume":"264","author":"Musella","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2010.08.017","article-title":"Characterisations of brain lesions in a mouse model of progressive multiple sclerosis","volume":"226","author":"Levy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1130","article-title":"Three or more routes for leukocyte migration into the central nervous system","volume":"3","author":"Ransohoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21307","article-title":"Time course and distribution of inflammatory and neurodegenerative events suggest structural bases for the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"502","author":"Brown","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-014-1188-0","article-title":"The role of glutamate and its receptors in multiple sclerosis","volume":"121","author":"Stojanovic","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3632","article-title":"Trans-presentation of IL-6 by dendritic cells is required for the priming of pathogenic TH17 cells","volume":"18","author":"Heink","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22457","article-title":"Induction of atypical EAE mediated by transgenic production of IL\u20106 in astrocytes in the absence of systemic IL\u20106","volume":"61","author":"Giralt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2014.02.014","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid IL-1\u03b2 correlates with cortical pathology load in multiple sclerosis at clinical onset","volume":"270","author":"Seppi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513498128","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor is elevated in progressive multiple sclerosis and causes excitotoxic neurodegeneration","volume":"20","author":"Rossi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. J. Exp. Transl. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1993.tb08203.x","article-title":"Interaction of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in human T cells activated by murine antigens","volume":"93","author":"Panzer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1651","article-title":"Human T(H)17 lymphocytes promote blood\u2010brain barrier disruption and central nervous system inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Kebir","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410100205","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis: capping of surface immunoglobulin G on macrophages engaged in myelin breakdown","volume":"10","author":"Prineas","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.3.1554","article-title":"Degradation of basic protein in myelin by neutral proteases secreted by stimulated macrophages: a possible mechanism of inflammatory demyelination","volume":"75","author":"Cammer","year":"1978","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."}],"container-title":["Biomedicine &amp; Pharmacotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0753332218354647?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0753332218354647?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T06:41:28Z","timestamp":1777876888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0753332218354647"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["S0753332218354647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188","relation":{},"ISSN":["0753-3322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0753-3322","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bacoside-A inhibits inflammatory cytokines and chemokine in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.188","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}