{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T05:28:22Z","timestamp":1769750902124,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Extra Mural Research"},{"name":"Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India"},{"name":"University Program for Advanced Research (UPAR), United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","em-consulte.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]],"date-time":"2020-10-28T18:50:40Z","timestamp":1603911040000},"page":"110889","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Plant-derived natural therapeutics targeting cannabinoid receptors in metabolic syndrome and its complications: A review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"Ashwani S.","family":"Patil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umesh B.","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yogeeta O.","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kalpesh R.","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chandragouda R.","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shreesh","family":"Ojha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charu","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sameer N.","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-008-0004-3","article-title":"Endocannabinoid system overactivity and the metabolic syndrome: Prospects for treatment","volume":"8","author":"Perkins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Diab. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2008.10.013","article-title":"An introduction to the endocannabinoid system: from the early to the latest concepts","volume":"23","author":"De Petrocellis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030833","article-title":"Cannabinoid receptors and the endocannabinoid system: signaling and function in the central nervous system","volume":"19","author":"Zou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.130","article-title":"Circulating endocannabinoids: from whence do they come and where are they going?","volume":"43","author":"Hillard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2017.10.007","article-title":"The endocannabinoid system and its therapeutic exploitation in multiple sclerosis: clues for other neuroinflammatory diseases","volume":"160","author":"Chiurchi\u00f9","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12229","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome: a closer look at the growing epidemic and its associated pathologies","volume":"16","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0035","article-title":"A clinical perspective of obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease","volume":"5","author":"Han","year":"2016","journal-title":"JRSM Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2016.00361","article-title":"Preclinical and clinical assessment of cannabinoids as anti-cancer agents","volume":"7","author":"Ladin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0045","first-page":"2","article-title":"The evolving science of phytocannabinoids","author":"Reekie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-016-0379-x","article-title":"Plant-derived and endogenous cannabinoids in Epilepsy","volume":"36","author":"Verrotti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Drug Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.11.003","article-title":"The endocannabinoid system and plant-derived cannabinoids in diabetes and diabetic complications","volume":"180","author":"Horvth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0060","series-title":"The Biology and Potential Therapeutic Effects of Cannabidiol, Testimony Before the US Senate Caucus on International Narcotics Control \u201cCannabidiol: Barriers to Research and Potential Medical Benefits","author":"Volkow","year":"2015"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.18101191","article-title":"Cannabidiol for the reduction of cue-induced craving and anxiety in drug-abstinent individuals with heroin use disorder: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"176","author":"Hurd","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2016.0034","article-title":"An update on safety and side effects of cannabidiol: a review of clinical data and relevant animal studies","volume":"2","author":"Iffland","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cannabis Cannabinoid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-012-2697-x","article-title":"Cannabinol and cannabidiol exert opposing effects on rat feeding patterns","volume":"223","author":"Farrimond","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a001651","article-title":"The nuclear factor NF-kappaB pathway in inflammation","volume":"1","author":"Lawrence","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.01063.x","article-title":"Non-psychoactive cannabinoids modulate the descending pathway of antinociception in anaesthetized rats through several mechanisms of action","volume":"162","author":"Maione","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2012.01879.x","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of cannabichromene, a major non-psychotropic cannabinoid extracted from Cannabis sativa, on inflammation-induced hypermotility in mice","volume":"166","author":"Izzo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3603","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-016-4397-4","article-title":"Cannabigerol is a novel, well-tolerated appetite stimulant in pre-satiated rats","volume":"233","author":"Brierley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0100","first-page":"103","article-title":"Molecular Targets of the Phytocannabinoids: A Complex Picture","volume":"103","author":"Morales","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prog. Chem. Org. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3229","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2011.0385","article-title":"Endocannabinoids via CB1 receptors act as neurogenic niche cues during cortical development","volume":"367","author":"D\u00edaz-Alonso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5831315","article-title":"Interaction between Cannabinoid System and Toll-Like Receptors Controls Inflammation","volume":"2016","author":"Mccoy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0115","first-page":"78","article-title":"Il ruolo del sistema endocannabinoide nella fisiopatologia dei disturbi dell\u2019umore","volume":"17","author":"Serra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ital. J. Psychopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-26573-2_20","article-title":"Cardiovascular pharmacology of cannabinoids","volume":"168","author":"Pacher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Handb. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/sum052","article-title":"Endocannabinoid system and its implications for obesity and cardiometabolic risk","volume":"10","author":"Nesto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvp240","article-title":"CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors differentially regulate the production of reactive oxygen species by macrophages","volume":"84","author":"Han","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.21962","article-title":"Cannabinoids and atherosclerotic coronary heart disease","volume":"35","author":"Singla","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Cardiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000641","article-title":"Expression and function of cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 and their cognate cannabinoid ligands in murine embryonic stem cells","volume":"2","author":"Jiang","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2011.02.010","article-title":"Neuroprotective agents: cannabinoids","volume":"142","author":"S\u00e1nchez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-011-1840-4","article-title":"\u201cbut my doctor recommended pot\u201d: Medical marijuana and the patient-physician relationship","volume":"26","author":"Nussbaum","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0155","unstructured":"Hampson_1998_Neuroprotective antioxidants from marijuana.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-09723-y","article-title":"Body fat distribution and the risk of incident metabolic syndrome: a longitudinal cohort study","volume":"7","author":"Kwon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1159\/000230691","article-title":"Role of the endocannabinoid system in abdominal obesity and the implications for cardiovascular risk","volume":"114","author":"Rosenson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2012.11.003","article-title":"Western college of veterinary medicine health and disease in wild freshwater fish","volume":"40","author":"Nelson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prim. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01690.x","article-title":"Endocannabinoids, adipose tissue and lipid metabolism","volume":"20","author":"Pagano","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2016.00317","article-title":"Impact of cannabis, cannabinoids, and endocannabinoids in the lungs","volume":"7","author":"Turcotte","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2008.10.002","article-title":"The role of the endocannabinoid system in lipogenesis and fatty acid metabolism","volume":"23","author":"Vettor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-3767.114505","article-title":"The role of endocannabinoids system in fatty liver disease and therapeutic potentials","volume":"19","author":"Alswat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Saudi J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0195","first-page":"9","article-title":"Non alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Paschos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hippokratia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005121328","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk in primary hypertension","volume":"17","author":"Ratto","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1996","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000143230.23252.D2","article-title":"Endocannabinoids acting at cannabinoid-1 receptors regulate cardiovascular function in hypertension","volume":"110","author":"B\u00e1tkai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-11-32","article-title":"Serum contents of endocannabinoids are correlated with blood pressure in depressed women","volume":"11","author":"Ho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000616","article-title":"An overview of the cannabinoid type 2 receptor system and its therapeutic potential","volume":"31","author":"Bie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-009-1506-7","article-title":"The future of endocannabinoid-oriented clinical research after CB 1 antagonists","volume":"205","author":"Le Foll","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0225","first-page":"265","article-title":"Cannabinoids and endocannabinoids","author":"Hoyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Encycl. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agh110","article-title":"The endocannabinoid system: physiology and pharmacology","volume":"40","author":"de Fonseca","year":"2005","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0235","first-page":"53","article-title":"Neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis\u2013current therapeutic intervention and future treatment perspectives","author":"Murphy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mult. Scler. Perspect. Treat. Pathog."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000660","article-title":"Cannabinoid therapy in epilepsy","volume":"32","author":"Billakota","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.2147\/HIV.S81420","article-title":"Clinical utility of dronabinol in the treatment of weight loss associated with HIV and AIDS","volume":"8","author":"Badowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"HIV\/AIDS Res. Palliat. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e3181a6bc3b","article-title":"Synthetic \u0394-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (dronabinol) can improve the symptoms of schizophrenia","volume":"29","author":"Schwarcz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S1132","article-title":"A review of nabilone in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting","volume":"4","author":"M.A., W","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ther. Clin. Risk Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0260","series-title":"Ph, D. and Morphine in the Chronic SpinalDog","author":"Gilbert","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1051\/ject\/200739296","article-title":"Pharmacologic neuroprotection: the search continues","volume":"39","author":"Grocott","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Extra. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2174\/187153008785700118","article-title":"Cannabinoids as therapeutic agents for ablating neuroinflammatory disease","volume":"8","author":"Cabral","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrine Metab. Immune Disord. Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-118323","article-title":"Ajulemic acid, a synthetic cannabinoid, increases formation of the endogenous proresolving and anti\u2010inflammatory eicosanoid, lipoxin A4","volume":"23","author":"Zurier","year":"2009","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0280","series-title":"Ajulemic Acid (CT3): A Potent Analog of the Acid Metabolites of THC","first-page":"1339","author":"Burstein","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc.09.93","article-title":"Cannabinoids as novel anti-inflammatory drugs","volume":"1","author":"Nagarkatti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Future Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5852","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.2233","article-title":"Cannabinoids as therapeutic agents in cancer: current status and future implications","volume":"5","author":"Chakravarti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14228","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.25.14228","article-title":"HU-308: A specific agonist for CB2, a peripheral cannabinoid receptor","volume":"96","author":"Hanu\u0161","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8774","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1503395112","article-title":"CB2 cannabinoid receptor agonist enantiomers HU-433 and HU-308: an inverse relationship between binding affinity and biological potency","volume":"112","author":"Smoum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-9966-32-24","article-title":"Agents: design, synthesis, and cytotoxic evaluation","volume":"32","author":"Petronzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.106.033118","article-title":"Rimonabant: Just an antiobesity drug? Current evidence on its pleiotropic effects","volume":"71","author":"Bifulco","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.2174\/157015912803217297","article-title":"Gastrointestinal motility and obesity","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tet.2007.10.056","article-title":"Convenient total synthesis of taranabant (MK-0364), a novel cannabinoid-1 receptor inverse agonist as an anti-obesity agent","volume":"63","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20613","article-title":"High-resolution crystal structure of the human CB1 cannabinoid receptor","volume":"540","author":"Shao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-017-0006-7","article-title":"ROS-induced cleavage of NHLRC2 by caspase-8 leads to apoptotic cell death in the HCT116 human colon cancer cell line article","volume":"8","author":"Nishi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-015-0184-5","article-title":"Role of adiponectin and free fatty acids on the association between abdominal visceral fat and insulin resistance","volume":"14","author":"Medina-Urrutia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3390\/medicines5020047","article-title":"Mechanistic potential and therapeutic implications of cannabinoids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"5","author":"Dibba","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mol.0000245257.17764.b2","article-title":"Cannabinoid receptors in atherosclerosis","volume":"17","author":"Steffens","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Lipidol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0370217","article-title":"A complex interplay between Akt, TSC2 and the two mTOR complexes","volume":"37","author":"Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M021485","article-title":"Major involvement of mTOR in the PPAR\u03b3-induced stimulation of adipose tissue lipid uptake and fat accretion","volume":"53","author":"Blanchard","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13497","article-title":"An update on PPAR activation by cannabinoids","volume":"173","author":"O\u2019Sullivan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0365","series-title":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistr Y Biochemistry Effect of Anandamide on Erythrocyte Survival","first-page":"1033","author":"Bentzen","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsyr.2005.08.001","article-title":"The actin cytoskeleton in ageing and apoptosis","volume":"5","author":"Gourlay","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEMS Yeast Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2009.12.006","article-title":"Interaction between cytokines, cannabinoids and the nervous system","volume":"215","author":"Jean-Gilles","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R191","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-16-0253","article-title":"Gpr55: a new promising target for metabolism?","volume":"58","author":"Tudur\u00ed","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X17666190118143014","article-title":"Potential metabolic and behavioural roles of the putative endocannabinoid receptors GPR18, GPR55 and GPR119 in feeding","volume":"17","author":"Ram\u00edrez-Orozco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."}],"container-title":["Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0753332220310817?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0753332220310817?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T12:09:32Z","timestamp":1760098172000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0753332220310817"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":77,"alternative-id":["S0753332220310817"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889","relation":{},"ISSN":["0753-3322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0753-3322","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Plant-derived natural therapeutics targeting cannabinoid receptors in metabolic syndrome and its complications: A review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110889","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110889"}}