{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:12:43Z","timestamp":1790115163528,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81673780"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81673780"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002338","name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017-124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-124"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010876","name":"Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010876","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007219","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","em-consulte.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T18:24:24Z","timestamp":1609179864000},"page":"111084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Babao Dan improves neurocognitive function by inhibiting inflammation in clinical minimal hepatic encephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Bingjie","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2145-5269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nisma Lena Bahaji","family":"Azami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changqing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dengcheng","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runfei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingru","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongtong","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guan","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8103-7283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingyu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2018.6","article-title":"Diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy: a systematic review of point-of-Care diagnostic tests","volume":"113","author":"Tapper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001137","article-title":"Secondary prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis of liver: a double-blind randomized controlled trial of L-ornithine L-aspartate versus placebo","volume":"30","author":"Varakanahalli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2012.01092.x","article-title":"Nutritional management contributes to improvement in minimal hepatic encephalopathy and quality of life in patients with liver cirrhosis: a preliminary, prospective, open-label study","volume":"43","author":"Kato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.05.056","article-title":"Secondary prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy: an open-label randomized controlled trial of lactulose versus placebo","volume":"137","author":"Sharma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.10.026","article-title":"Minimal hepatic encephalopathy in children with chronic liver disease: prevalence, pathogenesis and magnetic resonance-based diagnosis","volume":"66","author":"Srivastava","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2014.264","article-title":"Covert hepatic encephalopathy is independently associated with poor survival and increased risk of hospitalization","volume":"109","author":"Patidar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23128","article-title":"Minimal hepatic encephalopathy is associated with motor vehicle crashes: the reality beyond the driving test","volume":"50","author":"Bajaj","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3587","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy: effects of liver failure on brain function","volume":"14","author":"Felipo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27210","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 Practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the European Association for the Study of the Liver","volume":"60","author":"Vilstrup","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28598","article-title":"Nonabsorbable disaccharides for hepatic encephalopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"64","author":"Gluud","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003044.pub3","article-title":"Non-absorbable disaccharides versus placebo\/no intervention and lactulose versus lactitol for the prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis","author":"Gluud","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2019.09.012","article-title":"Fibrosis and the intestinal microbiome; a focus on chronic liver disease","volume":"49","author":"Beraza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-019-2046-5","article-title":"Selective improvement by rifaximin of changes in the immunophenotype in patients who improve minimal hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"17","author":"Mangas-Losada","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2010.06318.x","article-title":"Minimal hepatic encephalopathy: consensus statement of a working party of the Indian National Association for Study of the Liver","volume":"25","author":"Dhiman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2017.09.040","article-title":"Dopamine induces glutamate accumulation in astrocytes to disrupt neuronal function leading to pathogenesis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"365","author":"Ding","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2013.99","article-title":"The liver-brain axis in liver failure: neuroinflammation and encephalopathy","volume":"10","author":"Butterworth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1159\/000500717","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy aggravated by systemic inflammation","volume":"37","author":"Manzhalii","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dig. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2019.100916","article-title":"Inflammation and cerebral small vessel disease: a systematic review","volume":"53","author":"Low","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0474-5","article-title":"Peripheral cytokine levels and response to antidepressant treatment in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13270","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13270","article-title":"Peripheral inflammation induces neuroinflammation that alters neurotransmission and cognitive and motor function in hepatic encephalopathy: underlying mechanisms and therapeutic implications","volume":"226","author":"Cabrera-Pastor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Physiol (Oxf)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2016.00106","article-title":"Reducing peripheral inflammation with infliximab reduces neuroinflammation and improves cognition in rats with hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"9","author":"Dadsetan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0505-y","article-title":"Hyperammonemia induces glial activation, neuroinflammation and alters neurotransmitter receptors in hippocampus, impairing spatial learning: reversal by sulforaphane","volume":"13","author":"Hernandez-Rabaza","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0115","first-page":"4953","article-title":"[Babaodan Capsules for viral hepatitis: systematic review of clinical efficacy and safety and Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials]","volume":"44","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-019-0339-2","article-title":"BabaoDan attenuates high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via activation of AMPK signaling","volume":"9","author":"Sheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0125","first-page":"5272","article-title":"Babaodan inhibits cell growth by inducing autophagy through the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway and enhances antitumor effects of cisplatin in NSCLC cells","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-015-0204-8","article-title":"Effects of Muscone on the expression of P-gp, MMP-9 on blood-brain barrier model in vitro","volume":"35","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4308","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.41322","article-title":"Muscone\/RI7217 co-modified upward messenger DTX liposomes enhanced permeability of blood-brain barrier and targeting glioma","volume":"10","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-015-1965-0","article-title":"Combination of total Astragalus extract and total Panax notoginseng saponins strengthened the protective effects on brain damage through improving energy metabolism and inhibiting apoptosis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in mice","volume":"23","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin. J. Integr. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112301","article-title":"BabaoDan cures hepatic encephalopathy by decreasing ammonia levels and alleviating inflammation in rats","volume":"249","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2015.09.028","article-title":"Efficacy of Nutritional Therapy for Patients With Cirrhosis and Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in a Randomized Trial","volume":"14","author":"Maharshi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.31250","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy--definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: final report of the working party at the 11th World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998","volume":"35","author":"Ferenci","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8745","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i46.8745","article-title":"Psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score for diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy in China","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3282f3e6f5","article-title":"An open-label randomized controlled trial of lactulose and probiotics in the treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"20","author":"Sharma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000132","article-title":"Effect of deletion of cIAP2 on intestinal microcirculation in mouse endotoxemia and polybacterial sepsis","volume":"41","author":"Lehmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H277","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01133.2008","article-title":"Recombinant human activated protein C improves endotoxemia-induced endothelial dysfunction: a blood-free model in isolated mouse arteries","volume":"297","author":"Sennoun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-200014020-00014","article-title":"Laparotomy prevents lethal endotoxemia in a murine sequential insult model by an IL-10-dependent mechanism","volume":"14","author":"Back","year":"2000","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-018-0068-5","article-title":"The emerging role of ADAM metalloproteinases in immunity","volume":"18","author":"Lambrecht","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1023\/B:MEBR.0000043975.01841.de","article-title":"Characteristics of minimal hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"19","author":"Amodio","year":"2004","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-005-7919-z","article-title":"Attention, memory, and cognitive function in hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"20","author":"Weissenborn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2013.03.016","article-title":"Inflammation and hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"536","author":"Coltart","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11815","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i41.11815","article-title":"Inflammation: A novel target of current therapies for hepatic encephalopathy in liver cirrhosis","volume":"21","author":"Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8336","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.26886","article-title":"Efficacy of different drugs in the treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy: a network meta-analysis involving 826 patients based on 10 randomized controlled trials","volume":"119","author":"Cai","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26265","article-title":"Gene expression profiling in the cerebral cortex of patients with cirrhosis with and without hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"57","author":"Gorg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jceh.2018.05.003","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy and astrocyte senescence","volume":"8","author":"Gorg","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Exp. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-013-9469-0","article-title":"Microglial proliferation in the brain of chronic alcoholics with hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"29","author":"Dennis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0549-z","article-title":"Neuroinflammation increases GABAergic tone and impairs cognitive and motor function in hyperammonemia by increasing GAT-3 membrane expression. Reversal by sulforaphane by promoting M2 polarization of microglia","volume":"13","author":"Hernandez-Rabaza","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2007.08.006","article-title":"TNF is a key mediator of septic encephalopathy acting through its receptor, TNF receptor-1","volume":"52","author":"Alexander","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30252","article-title":"Cytokine-mediated blood brain barrier disruption as a conduit for cancer\/chemotherapy-associated neurotoxicity and cognitive dysfunction","volume":"139","author":"Wardill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119846","article-title":"Pathways and mechanisms for cytokine signaling of the central nervous system","volume":"100","author":"Licinio","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(95)02047-M","article-title":"Cytokine-to-brain communication: a review & analysis of alternative mechanisms","volume":"57","author":"Watkins","year":"1995","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22084","article-title":"Cytokine targets in the brain: impact on neurotransmitters and neurocircuits","volume":"30","author":"Miller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.01.008","article-title":"Chronic hyperammonemia induces peripheral inflammation that leads to cognitive impairment in rats: reversed by anti-TNF-alpha treatment","volume":"73","author":"Balzano","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0710-8","article-title":"Infliximab reduces peripheral inflammation, neuroinflammation, and extracellular GABA in the cerebellum and improves learning and motor coordination in rats with hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"13","author":"Dadsetan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3611","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2017.6571","article-title":"Expression and clinical significance of SATB1 and TLR4 in breast cancer","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxh186","article-title":"Toll-like receptors in innate immunity","volume":"17","author":"Takeda","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2011.04.025","article-title":"Toll-like receptors in inflammation of the central nervous system","volume":"11","author":"Kong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0285","first-page":"155","article-title":"MyD88 as a bottle neck in Toll\/IL-1 signaling","volume":"270","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12516","article-title":"Increased toll-like receptor 4 in cerebral endothelial cells contributes to the astrocyte swelling and brain edema in acute hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"128","author":"Jayakumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2079","article-title":"The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling","volume":"7","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5396.2085","article-title":"Defective LPS signaling in C3H\/HeJ and C57BL\/10ScCr mice: mutations in Tlr4 gene","volume":"282","author":"Poltorak","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23009","article-title":"Endotoxemia and gut barrier dysfunction in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"50","author":"Rao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6983","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i38.6983","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation prevents hepatic encephalopathy in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatic dysfunction","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22011","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M116.715953","article-title":"Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) binds to p50 in macrophages and enhances TLR4-triggered inflammation and septic shock","volume":"291","author":"Luo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084_bib0320","first-page":"16","article-title":"Liver tissue regeneration using nano silver impregnated sodium Alginate\/PVA composite nanofibres","volume":"2","author":"Manikandan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Med. J."}],"container-title":["Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0753332220312774?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0753332220312774?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T11:29:06Z","timestamp":1779449346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0753332220312774"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S0753332220312774"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084","relation":{},"ISSN":["0753-3322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0753-3322","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Babao Dan improves neurocognitive function by inhibiting inflammation in clinical minimal hepatic encephalopathy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111084","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111084"}}