{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T11:46:31Z","timestamp":1789386391072,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,13]],"date-time":"2006-09-13T07:16:35Z","timestamp":1158131795000},"page":"374-381","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Evidence for Reduced Cerebellar Volumes in Trichotillomania"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Nancy J.","family":"Keuthen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikos","family":"Makris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Schlerf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Martis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cary R.","family":"Savage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"McMullin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry J.","family":"Seidman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy D.","family":"Schmahmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David N.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Hodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott L.","family":"Rauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1994.6.4.388","article-title":"Intramodality shifting attention in children with damage to the cerebellum","volume":"6","author":"Akshoomoff","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5308.1940","article-title":"Attentional activation of the cerebellum independent of motor involvement","volume":"275","author":"Allen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib3","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for DSM-IV Disorders","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib4","series-title":"Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Theory and Management","first-page":"167","article-title":"Neuroimaging in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Seeking the mediating neuroanatomy","author":"Baxter","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.56.6.893","article-title":"An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety","volume":"56","author":"Beck","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","article-title":"An inventory for measuring depression","volume":"4","author":"Beck","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000180957.98702.69","article-title":"Caudate volumes in childhood predict symptom severity in adults with Tourette syndrome","volume":"65","author":"Bloch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2004.06.014","article-title":"Cognitive inhibition in trichotillomania and obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"43","author":"Bohne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1996.8.6.566","article-title":"MRI-based parcellation of human neocortex: An anatomically specified method with estimate of reliability","volume":"8","author":"Caviness","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib10","first-page":"415","article-title":"Estimated lifetime prevalence of trichotillomania in college students","volume":"52","author":"Christenson","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1998.0395","article-title":"Cortical surface-based analysis","volume":"9","author":"Dale","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(02)00006-2","article-title":"Affective correlates of trichotillomania","volume":"40","author":"Diefenbach","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib13","series-title":"Trichotillomania: Impact on daily functioning and quality of life","author":"Diefenbach","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib14","first-page":"356","article-title":"A method of morphometric analysis of the human brain based upon magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"24","author":"Filipek","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/4.4.344","article-title":"The young adult human brain: An MRI-based morphometric analysis","volume":"4","author":"Filipek","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib16","series-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders-Patient Edition","author":"First","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-07-02542.1992","article-title":"Functional anatomy of human procedural learning determined with regional cerebral blood flow and PET","volume":"12","author":"Grafton","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00229666","article-title":"Within-arm somatotopy in human motor areas determined by positron emission tomography imaging of cerebral blood flow","volume":"95","author":"Grafton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)00113-6","article-title":"Toward a neurobiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"28","author":"Graybiel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1996.01830070073011","article-title":"Cerebral structural abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A quantitative morphometric magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"53","author":"Jenike","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8432","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-23-08432.2003","article-title":"Cerebellar loops with motor cortex and prefrontal cortex of a nonhuman primate","volume":"23","author":"Kelly","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib22","series-title":"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Research","first-page":"1","author":"Keuthen","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib23","first-page":"186","article-title":"Quality of life and functional impairment in individuals with trichotillomania","volume":"4","author":"Keuthen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Appl Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1159\/000289003","article-title":"The Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) hairpulling scale: I","volume":"64","author":"Keuthen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(95)00613-3","article-title":"Neuropsychological functioning in trichotillomania","volume":"39","author":"Keuthen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8052851","article-title":"Activation of a cerebellar output nucleus during cognitive processing","volume":"265","author":"Kim","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410240205","article-title":"Cognitive deficits in olivopontocerebellar atrophy: Implications for the cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s dementia","volume":"24","author":"Kish","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.9.1738","article-title":"Neuropsychological test performance in patients with dominantly inherited spinocerebellar ataxia: Relationship to ataxia severity","volume":"44","author":"Kish","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1006\/brcg.2000.1237","article-title":"Distinct contribution of the striatum and cerebellum to motor learning","volume":"45","author":"Laforce","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.79.3.1535","article-title":"4 T-fMRI study of nonspatial shifting of selective attention: Cerebellar and parietal contributions","volume":"79","author":"Le","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1162\/089892903321662967","article-title":"Human cerebellum: Surface-assisted cortical parcellation and volumetry with magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"15","author":"Makris","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.12.056","article-title":"MRI-based surface-assisted parcellation of human cerebellar cortex: An anatomically specified method with estimate of reliability","volume":"25","author":"Makris","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.3109\/10673229409017100","article-title":"Trichotillomania: Clinical aspects and treatment strategies","volume":"1","author":"Minichiello","year":"1994","journal-title":"Harv Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.3.1023","article-title":"Somatotopic motor representation in the human anterior cerebellum","volume":"119","author":"Nitschke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4","article-title":"The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh Inventory","volume":"9","author":"Oldfield","year":"1971","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib36","first-page":"174","article-title":"Trichotillomania and carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"57","author":"O\u2019Sullivan","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(96)00297-1","article-title":"Reduced basal ganglia volumes in trichotillomania measured via morphometric magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"42","author":"O\u2019Sullivan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.5.941","article-title":"Reduced basal ganglia volumes in Tourette\u2019s syndrome using three-dimensional reconstruction techniques from magnetic resonance images","volume":"43","author":"Peterson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.4.415","article-title":"Basal ganglia volumes in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome","volume":"60","author":"Peterson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib40","series-title":"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: Practical Management","first-page":"222","article-title":"Neurobiological models of obsessive-compulsive disorders","author":"Rauch","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880050621","article-title":"Automated shimming at 1.5T using echo planar image frequency maps","volume":"5","author":"Reese","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-6185(91)90003-C","article-title":"Neuropsychological test performance in trichotillomania: A further link with obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"5","author":"Rettew","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1995.03950170067009","article-title":"Reduced caudate nucleus volume in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"52","author":"Robinson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1192\/S0007125000297870","article-title":"Neuroimaging and frontal-subcortical circuitry in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"35","author":"Saxena","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1991.00530230086029","article-title":"An emerging concept: The cerebellar contribution to higher function","volume":"48","author":"Schmahmann","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0193(1996)4:3<174::AID-HBM3>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"From movement to thought: Anatomic substrates of the cerebellar contribution to cognitive processing","volume":"4","author":"Schmahmann","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib47","series-title":"MRI Atlas of the Human Cerebellum","author":"Schmahmann","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(08)60346-3","article-title":"The cerebrocerebellar system","volume":"41","author":"Schmahmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.4.561","article-title":"The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome","volume":"121","author":"Schmahmann","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.5.950","article-title":"Volumetric MRI changes in basal ganglia of children with Tourette\u2019s syndrome","volume":"43","author":"Singer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.051","article-title":"Advances in functional and structural MR image and implementation as FSL","volume":"23","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib52","first-page":"77","article-title":"Trichotillomania and self-esteem: A survey of 62 female hair pullers","volume":"57","author":"Soriano","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(97)00024-8","article-title":"The neuropsychology of trichotillomania","volume":"11","author":"Stanley","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib54","first-page":"123","article-title":"Low-dose pimozide augmentation of serotonin reuptake blockers in the treatment of trichotillomania","volume":"53","author":"Stein","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.8.741","article-title":"A functional neuroanatomy of tics in Tourette syndrome","volume":"57","author":"Stern","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198908243210803","article-title":"A double-blind comparison of clomipramine and desipramine in the treatment of trichotillomania (hair pulling)","volume":"321","author":"Swedo","year":"1989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810330052008","article-title":"Regional cerebral glucose metabolism of women with trichotillomania","volume":"48","author":"Swedo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib59","series-title":"Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain","author":"Talairach","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013_bib60","first-page":"463","article-title":"The Psychiatric Institute Trichotillomania Scale (PITS)","volume":"28","author":"Winchel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"}],"container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322306008055?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322306008055?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,21]],"date-time":"2019-04-21T00:15:58Z","timestamp":1555805758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006322306008055"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0006322306008055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3223","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]}}}