{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T22:02:41Z","timestamp":1769119361225,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,1]],"date-time":"2007-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1185926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,26]],"date-time":"2007-05-26T07:11:02Z","timestamp":1180163462000},"page":"339-344","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Asymptomatic Spontaneous Cerebral Emboli Predict Cognitive and Functional Decline in Dementia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Nitin","family":"Purandare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard C. Oude","family":"Voshaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane E.","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Wren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard F.","family":"Heller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles N.","family":"McCollum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alistair","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1316","article-title":"The course of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia","volume":"20","author":"Aalten","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1166(1998110)13:11<755::AID-GPS862>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Natural history of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other dementias: Review of the literature in the light of the findings from the Kungsholmen project","volume":"13","author":"Ag\u00fcero-Torres","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06412.x","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease and vascular dementia","volume":"903","author":"Ag\u00fcero-Torres","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1159\/000070678","article-title":"Progression of dementia associated with lacunar infarctions","volume":"16","author":"Aharon-Peretz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.381","article-title":"The progression of cognitive impairment in dementia with Lewy bodies, vascular dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"16","author":"Ballard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa060989","article-title":"Clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone for the prevention of atherothrombotic events","volume":"354","author":"Bhatt","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005593","article-title":"Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"1","author":"Birks","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.65.4.573","article-title":"Association between intraoperative cerebral microemboli signals and postoperative neuropsychological deficit: Comparison between patients with cardiac valve replacement and patients with coronary artery bypass grafting","volume":"65","author":"Braekken","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1991.tb05904.x","article-title":"Progression of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"39","author":"Burns","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0404.2000.90342a.x","article-title":"Doppler microembolic signals predict ischemic recurrences in symptomatic carotid stenosis","volume":"101","author":"Censori","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib11","first-page":"124","article-title":"Natural history of vascular dementia","volume":"13","author":"Chui","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.26.6.1123","article-title":"Basic identification criteria of Doppler microembolic signals","volume":"26","year":"1995","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2308","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.12.2308","article-title":"The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: Comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementia","volume":"44","author":"Cummings","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000014421.15948.67","article-title":"Alzheimer disease as a vascular disorder","volume":"33","author":"de la Torre","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.114099","article-title":"Cerebral injuri during cardiopulmonary bypass: Emboli impair memory","volume":"121","author":"Fearn","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-Mental State.\u201d A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"Pyschiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.6.1203","article-title":"Intracranial microembolic signals in 500 patients with potential cardiac or carotid embolic source and in normal controls","volume":"28","author":"Georgiadis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.72.3.338","article-title":"Cessation of embolic signals after antithrombotic prevention is related to reduced risk of recurrent arterioembolic transient ischaemic attack and stroke","volume":"72","author":"Goertler","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610200006359","article-title":"Tracking cognitive decline in Alzheimer\u2019s disease using the mini-mental state examination: A meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Han","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2005.04.033","article-title":"Identification of patients at risk for ischaemic cerebral complications after carotid endarterectomie with TCD monitoring","volume":"30","author":"Horn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1161\/hs0302.104166","article-title":"Are spontaneous cerebral microemboli consistent in carotid disease?","volume":"33","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000163561.90680.1C","article-title":"Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin in symptomatic carotid stenosis evaluated using doppler embolic signal detection: The Clopidogrel and Aspirin for Reduction of Emboli in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis (CARESS) trial","volume":"111","author":"Markus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000162717.62684.40","article-title":"Asymptomatic embolization detected by Doppler ultrasound predicts stroke risk in symptomatic carotid artery stenosis","volume":"36","author":"Markus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"34","author":"McKhann","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.7.1440","article-title":"Asymptomatic embolization predicts stroke and TIA risk in patients with carotid artery stenosis","volume":"30","author":"Molloy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.12.2457","article-title":"The consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer\u2019s disease (CERAD)","volume":"43","author":"Morris","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53360.x","article-title":"Dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease incidence in relationship to cardiovascular disease in the Cardiovascular Health Study Cohort","volume":"53","author":"Newman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38814.696493.AE","article-title":"Cerebral emboli as a potential cause of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and vascular dementia: Case-control study","volume":"332","author":"Purandare","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.3.725","article-title":"Consensus on microembolus detection by TCD","volume":"29","author":"Ringelstein","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.2.250","article-title":"Vascular dementia: Diagnostic criteria for research studies","volume":"43","author":"Roman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.141.11.1356","article-title":"A new rating scale for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"141","author":"Rosen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00293-9","article-title":"Cerebral microemboli and cognitive impairment","volume":"203-204","author":"Russell","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000162054.15428.E9","article-title":"Motor signs predict poor outcomes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"64","author":"Scarmeas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.748","article-title":"Which factors influence cognitive decline in older adults suffering from dementing disorders?","volume":"17","author":"Sch\u00e4ufele","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9260(97)80027-X","article-title":"Ultrasound assessment of internal carotid artery stenosis","volume":"52","author":"Sidhu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.3.390","article-title":"A longitudinal study of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Measurement, rate, and predictors of cognitive deterioration","volume":"151","author":"Stern","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.22.6.579","article-title":"Cognitive change 5 years after coronary artery bypass surgery","volume":"22","author":"Stygall","year":"2003","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib38","first-page":"53","article-title":"Measuring functional disability in community dwelling dementia patients: Development of a questionnaire","volume":"22","author":"Teunisse","year":"1991","journal-title":"Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1991.00530150042015","article-title":"Assessing the severity of dementia: Patient and caregiver","volume":"48","author":"Teunisse","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-8266(01)00169-0","article-title":"Asymptomatic embolisation in non-valvular atrial fibrillation and its relationship to anticoagulant therapy","volume":"15","author":"Tinkler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200104123441501","article-title":"A reevaluation of the duration of survival after the onset of dementia","volume":"344","author":"Wolfson","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322306015666?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322306015666?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,6]],"date-time":"2019-01-06T22:28:45Z","timestamp":1546813725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006322306015666"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0006322306015666"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.12.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3223","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]}}}