{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T19:09:18Z","timestamp":1790622558027,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,10]],"date-time":"2008-10-10T01:54:00Z","timestamp":1223603640000},"page":"84-88","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Decreased Callosal Thickness in Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Eileen","family":"Luders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine L.","family":"Narr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liberty S.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Owen R.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul M.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica S.","family":"Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Del'Homme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tony","family":"Strickland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James T.","family":"McCracken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur W.","family":"Toga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer G.","family":"Levitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib1","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR)","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.10079","article-title":"A review of the biological bases of ADHD: What have we learned from imaging studies?","volume":"9","author":"Durston","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.06.011","article-title":"Meta-analysis of structural imaging findings in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"61","author":"Valera","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.11.019","article-title":"Structural brain imaging of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"57","author":"Seidman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.01.005","article-title":"Brain development and ADHD","volume":"26","author":"Krain","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.5.665","article-title":"Quantitative morphology of the corpus callosum in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"151","author":"Giedd","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1996.01830070053009","article-title":"Quantitative brain magnetic resonance imaging in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"53","author":"Castellanos","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.2.477","article-title":"Corpus callosum morphology in children with Tourette syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","volume":"47","author":"Baumgardner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949102400302","article-title":"Corpus callosum morphology in attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: Morphometric analysis of MRI","volume":"24","author":"Hynd","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Learn Disabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(96)00349-6","article-title":"The corpus callosum and lateral ventricles in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A brain magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"40","author":"Lyoo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.17.3.496","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging correlates of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder in children","volume":"17","author":"Hill","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/112.3.799","article-title":"Hand and sex differences in the isthmus and genu of the human corpus callosum","volume":"112","author":"Witelson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410240305","article-title":"The corpus callosum is larger with right-hemisphere cerebral speech dominance","volume":"24","author":"O'Kusky","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.05.044","article-title":"Topography of the human corpus callosum revisited\u2014comprehensive fiber tractography using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"32","author":"Hofer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1159\/000097371","article-title":"Gross anatomy of the corpus callosum in Alzheimer's disease: Regions of degeneration and their neuropsychological correlates","volume":"23","author":"Tomaiuolo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S131","DOI":"10.33588\/rn.38S1.2004086","article-title":"[The neuroanatomy of attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder]","volume":"38","author":"Castellanos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.18.3.543","article-title":"Meta-analysis of intellectual and neuropsychological test performance in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"18","author":"Frazier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"suppl 7","key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib18","first-page":"4","article-title":"Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: A life-span perspective","volume":"59","author":"Biederman","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1038\/13158","article-title":"Brain development during childhood and adolescence: A longitudinal MRI study","volume":"2","author":"Giedd","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.5.1763","article-title":"Brain development, gender and IQ in children","volume":"119","author":"Reiss","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(96)00049-8","article-title":"Sex differences in the human corpus callosum: Myth or reality?","volume":"21","author":"Bishop","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200001000-00014","article-title":"NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses","volume":"39","author":"Shaffer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib23","series-title":"School-Based Assessments and Interventions for ADD Students","author":"Swanson","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib24","series-title":"Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children\u20143rd edition","author":"Wechsler","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib25","series-title":"Wide Range Achievement Test\u20143 (WRAT-3)","author":"Wilkinson","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib26","series-title":"Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities (WJ III)","author":"Woodcock","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1995.1012","article-title":"A probabilistic atlas of the human brain: Theory and rationale for its development","volume":"2","author":"Mazziotta","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199801000-00028","article-title":"Automated image registration: II","volume":"22","author":"Woods","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2000.0730","article-title":"Magnetic resonance image tissue classification using a partial volume model","volume":"13","author":"Shattuck","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhi112","article-title":"Parasagittal asymmetries of the corpus callosum","volume":"16","author":"Luders","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e3280115942","article-title":"Callosal morphology in Williams syndrome: A new evaluation of shape and thickness","volume":"18","author":"Luders","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3149","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm186","article-title":"Distinct regional atrophy in the corpus callosum of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"130","author":"Weber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199407000-00014","article-title":"Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Magnetic resonance imaging morphometric analysis of the corpus callosum","volume":"33","author":"Semrud-Clikeman","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib34","first-page":"571","article-title":"Features of functional MRI in children with oppositional defiant disorder","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2006.09.006","article-title":"Mapping brain structure in attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: A voxel-based MRI study of regional grey and white matter volume","volume":"154","author":"McAlonan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2006.00615.x","article-title":"Functional anatomy of interhemispheric cortical connections in the human brain","volume":"209","author":"Zarei","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh071","article-title":"The role of human parietal cortex in attention networks","volume":"127","author":"Han","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn755","article-title":"Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain","volume":"3","author":"Corbetta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1054\/mehy.1999.0934","article-title":"Corpus callosum and cerebral laterality in a modular brain model","volume":"55","author":"Wong","year":"2000","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(03)00208-6","article-title":"Disturbed transcallosally mediated motor inhibition in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)","volume":"114","author":"Buchmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.06.026","article-title":"Modulation of transcallosally mediated motor inhibition in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by medication with methylphenidate (MPH)","volume":"405","author":"Buchmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-007-0008-1","article-title":"Impaired transcallosally mediated motor inhibition in adults with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder is modulated by methylphenidate","volume":"115","author":"Hoeppner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1038\/35004593","article-title":"Growth patterns in the developing brain detected by using continuum mechanical tensor maps","volume":"404","author":"Thompson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19649","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0707741104","article-title":"Attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder is characterized by a delay in cortical maturation","volume":"104","author":"Shaw","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.14.1740","article-title":"Developmental trajectories of brain volume abnormalities in children and adolescents with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"288","author":"Castellanos","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322308010767?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322308010767?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T17:04:07Z","timestamp":1738429447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006322308010767"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0006322308010767"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.08.027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3223","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}}}