{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T10:59:05Z","timestamp":1778151545450,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]],"date-time":"2011-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312156800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01MH081803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH081803"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01MH62873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH62873"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"UK Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["G03001896"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G03001896"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,19]],"date-time":"2011-04-19T10:23:22Z","timestamp":1303208602000},"page":"230-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["A Functional Variant of the Serotonin Transporter Gene (SLC6A4) Moderates Impulsive Choice in Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder Boys and Siblings"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Edmund J.S.","family":"Sonuga-Barke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Kumsta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolff","family":"Schlotz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Lasky-Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafaela","family":"Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Mulas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Oades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Banaschewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ueli","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Penny","family":"Andreou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Gabriels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Uebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonna","family":"Kuntsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Franke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Buitelaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Ebstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Anney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herbert","family":"Roeyers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aribert","family":"Rothenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Sergeant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans Christoph","family":"Steinhausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Asherson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen V.","family":"Faraone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2007.11.008","article-title":"Executive dysfunction and delay aversion in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Nosologic and diagnostic implications","volume":"17","author":"Sonuga-Barke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib2","series-title":"Biological Child Psychiatry. Recent Trends and Developments. Advances in Biological Psychiatry","article-title":"Recent developments in neuropsychological models of childhood psychiatric disorders","author":"Willcutt","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2005.10.012","article-title":"Temporal and probabilistic discounting of rewards in children and adolescents: Effects of age and ADHD symptoms","volume":"44","author":"Scheres","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.04.003","article-title":"Testing for neuropsychological endophenotypes in siblings discordant for attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"62","author":"Bidwell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.09.008","article-title":"Causal models of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: From common simple deficits to multiple developmental pathways","volume":"57","author":"Sonuga-Barke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014914","article-title":"Delay and reward choice in ADHD: An experimental test of the role of delay aversion","volume":"23","author":"Marco","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-5-7","article-title":"Origins of altered reinforcement effects in ADHD","volume":"5","author":"Johansen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behav Brain Funct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X05000075","article-title":"A dynamic developmental theory of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) predominantly hyperactive\/impulsive and combined subtypes","volume":"28","author":"Sagvolden","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav Brain Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2007.01851.x","article-title":"Research review: Dopamine transfer deficit: A neurobiological theory of altered reinforcement mechanisms in ADHD","volume":"49","author":"Tripp","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301565","article-title":"Dopaminergic and glutamatergic regulation of effort- and delay-based decision making","volume":"33","author":"Floresco","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-003-1547-2","article-title":"Effects of methylphenidate on impulsive choice in adult humans","volume":"170","author":"Pietras","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017259","article-title":"The effects of methylphenidate on discounting of delayed rewards in ADHD","volume":"17","author":"Shiels","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2159","article-title":"The temporal precision of reward prediction in dopamine neurons","volume":"11","author":"Fiorillo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.03.038","article-title":"Neural response to reward anticipation is modulated by Gray's impulsivity","volume":"46","author":"Hahn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.07.008","article-title":"Neural hyporesponsiveness and hyperresponsiveness during immediate and delayed reward processing in adult attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"65","author":"Plichta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib16","first-page":"745","article-title":"Increased dopamine transporter availability associated with the 9-repeat allele of the SLC6A3 gene","volume":"46","author":"van Dyck","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0805517106","article-title":"Variation in dopamine genes influences responsivity of the human reward system","volume":"106","author":"Dreher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4002086","article-title":"Genetic variation in components of dopamine neurotransmission impacts ventral striatal reactivity associated with impulsivity","volume":"14","author":"Forbes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-009-0694-x","article-title":"Candidate gene studies of ADHD: A meta-analytic review","volume":"126","author":"Gizer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddl152","article-title":"Meta-analysis shows significant association between dopamine system genes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.02.011","article-title":"Genetics of emotional regulation: The role of the serotonin transporter in neural function","volume":"10","author":"Hariri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.06.036","article-title":"Serotonin and emotional processing: Does it help explain antidepressant drug action?","volume":"55","author":"Harmer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(99)00016-0","article-title":"The neuroanatomical and neurochemical basis of conditioned fear","volume":"23","author":"Fendt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-009-9115-0","article-title":"Context-dependent dynamic processes in attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: Differentiating common and unique effects of state regulation deficits and delay aversion","volume":"20","author":"Sonuga-Barke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00219.x","article-title":"AD\/HD and the capture of attention by briefly exposed delay-related cues: Evidence from a conditioning paradigm","volume":"45","author":"Sonuga-Barke","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2008.202","article-title":"Serotonin depletion impairs waiting but not stop-signal reaction time in rats: Implications for theories of the role of 5-HT in behavioral inhibition","volume":"34","author":"Eagle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1159\/000202825","article-title":"Platelet serotonin concentration in children with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"59","author":"Novkovic","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropsychobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4528","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4982-07.2008","article-title":"Low-serotonin levels increase delayed reward discounting in humans","volume":"28","author":"Schweighofer","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300610","article-title":"Interactions between serotonin and dopamine in the control of impulsive choice in rats: Therapeutic implications for impulse control disorders","volume":"30","author":"Winstanley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(02)00307-X","article-title":"Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors decrease impulsive behavior as measured by an adjusting delay procedure in the pigeon","volume":"27","author":"Wolff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1964","article-title":"Long story short: The serotonin transporter in emotion regulation and social cognition","volume":"10","author":"Canli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5292.1527","article-title":"Association of anxiety-related traits with a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene regulatory region","volume":"274","author":"Lesch","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1071829","article-title":"Serotonin transporter genetic variation and the response of the human amygdala","volume":"297","author":"Hariri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.08.016","article-title":"Serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) genotype and amygdala activation: A meta-analysis","volume":"63","author":"Munaf\u00f2","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1463","article-title":"5-HTTLPR polymorphism impacts human cingulate-amygdala interactions: A genetic susceptibility mechanism for depression","volume":"8","author":"Pezawas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-008-0853-4","article-title":"5-HTTLPR genotype influences amygdala volume","volume":"259","author":"Scherk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012826","article-title":"Variation in the serotonin transporter gene modulates selective attention to threat","volume":"8","author":"Osinsky","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2008.11.008","article-title":"Impulsive-disinhibited personality and serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms: Association study in an inmate's sample","volume":"43","author":"Aluja","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)00926-6","article-title":"Dopamine-serotonin interactions in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)","volume":"172","author":"Oades","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-4-48","article-title":"The influence of serotonin- and other genes on impulsive behavioral aggression and cognitive impulsivity in children with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Findings from a family-based association test (FBAT) analysis","volume":"4","author":"Oades","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behav Brain Funct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4002100","article-title":"Exploration of 19 serotoninergic candidate genes in adults and children with attention-deficit\/\/hyperactivity disorder identifies association for 5HT2A, DDC and MAOB","volume":"14","author":"Ribases","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-183X.2010.00567.x","article-title":"An international multicenter association study of the serotonin transporter gene in persistent ADHD","volume":"9","author":"Landaas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genes Brain Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001869","article-title":"The analysis of 51 genes in DSM-IV combined type attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Association signals in DRD4, DAT1 and 16 other genes","volume":"11","author":"Brookes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022602400621","article-title":"The revised Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-R): Factor structure, reliability, and criterion validity","volume":"26","author":"Conners","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022606501530","article-title":"Revision and restandardization of the Conners Teacher Rating Scale (CTRS-R): Factor structure, reliability, and criterion validity","volume":"26","author":"Conners","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib46","series-title":"Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder and the Hyperkinetic Syndrome","first-page":"3","article-title":"Parental Account of Children's Symptoms (PACS), ADHD phenotypes and its application to molecular genetic studies","author":"Chen","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x","article-title":"The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note","volume":"38","author":"Goodman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30672","article-title":"DSM-IV combined type ADHD shows familial association with sibling trait scores: A sampling strategy for QTL linkage","volume":"147B","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib49","series-title":"Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children","author":"Wechsler","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib50","series-title":"Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adults","author":"Wechsler","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib51","series-title":"Assessment of Children: WISC-III and WPPSI-R Supplement","author":"Sattler","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291706008580","article-title":"Reaction time, inhibition, working memory and \u201cdelay aversion\u201d performance: Genetic influences and their interpretation","volume":"36","author":"Kuntsi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707000815","article-title":"Reaction time performance in ADHD: Improvement under fast-incentive condition and familial effects","volume":"37","author":"Andreou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2009.02139.x","article-title":"Performance variability, impulsivity errors and the impact of incentives as gender-independent endophenotypes for ADHD","volume":"51","author":"Uebel","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001789","article-title":"Simultaneous genotyping of four functional loci of human SLC6A4, with a reappraisal of 5-HTTLPR and rs25531","volume":"11","author":"Wendland","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2414","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.124","article-title":"DAT1 and COMT effects on delay discounting and trait impulsivity in male adolescents with attention deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls","volume":"35","author":"Paloyelis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.164.4.674","article-title":"Confirmation that a specific haplotype of the dopamine transporter gene is associated with combined-type ADHD","volume":"164","author":"Asherson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.1.74","article-title":"A Common haplotype of the dopamine transporter gene associated with attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and interacting with maternal use of alcohol during pregnancy","volume":"63","author":"Brookes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30782","article-title":"Association of ADHD with genetic variants in the 5\u2032-region of the dopamine transporter gene: Evidence for allelic heterogeneity","volume":"147B","author":"Brookes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib60","first-page":"88","article-title":"Candidate genes and neuropsychological phenotypes in children with ADHD: Review of association studies","volume":"34","author":"Kebir","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-005-0104-6","article-title":"Stop signal response inhibition is not modulated by tryptophan depletion or the serotonin transporter polymorphism in healthy volunteers: Implications for the 5-HT theory of impulsivity","volume":"182","author":"Clark","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.2.207","article-title":"Cocaine, ethanol, and genotype effects on human midbrain serotonin transporter binding sites and mRNA levels","volume":"155","author":"Little","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1869","article-title":"Short\/long heterozygotes at 5HTTLPR and white matter lesions in geriatric depression","volume":"23","author":"Steffens","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/YPG.0b013e328010f498","article-title":"LA allelic heterozygosity of the 5HTTLPR polymorphism is associated with higher cognitive function and lower interpersonal sensitivity","volume":"17","author":"Fiedorowicz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychiatr Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-8-28","article-title":"ADHD and disruptive behavior scores\u2014associations with MAO-A and 5-HTT genes and with platelet MAO-B activity in adolescents","volume":"8","author":"Malmberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1006\/mgme.2000.3015","article-title":"Molecular heterosis: A review","volume":"71","author":"Comings","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.934","article-title":"Diminished 5-HT functioning in CBCL pediatric bipolar disorder-profiled ADHD patients versus normal ADHD: Susceptibility to rapid tryptophan depletion influences reaction time performance","volume":"23","author":"Zepf","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Psychopharmacol"}],"container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000632231100196X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000632231100196X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]],"date-time":"2023-06-06T11:05:33Z","timestamp":1686049533000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S000632231100196X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S000632231100196X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.040","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3223","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]}}}