{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T12:15:55Z","timestamp":1791807355628,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]],"date-time":"2017-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493596800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,26]],"date-time":"2016-12-26T02:32:03Z","timestamp":1482719523000},"page":"778-788","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Mu Opioid Receptors in Gamma-Aminobutyric Acidergic Forebrain Neurons Moderate Motivation for Heroin and Palatable Food"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Pauline","family":"Charbogne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Gardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Mart\u00edn-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen L.","family":"Keyworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna E.","family":"Mechling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3775-8320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Bienert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taufiq","family":"Nasseef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Rob\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Moquin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Darcq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sami","family":"Ben Hamida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Robledo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Matifas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katia","family":"Befort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Gav\u00e9riaux-Ruff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura-Adela","family":"Harsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"von Elverfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jurgen","family":"Hennig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Gratton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Kitchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica A.","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte L.","family":"Kieffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1038\/383819a0","article-title":"Loss of morphine-induced analgesia, reward effect and withdrawal symptoms in mice lacking the mu-opioid-receptor gene","volume":"383","author":"Matthes","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.08.028","article-title":"15 years of genetic approaches in vivo for addiction research: Opioid receptor and peptide gene knockout in mouse models of drug abuse","volume":"76","author":"Charbogne","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1095943","article-title":"Deficit in attachment behavior in mice lacking the mu-opioid receptor gene","volume":"304","author":"Moles","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00005.2009","article-title":"Reward processing by the opioid system in the brain","volume":"89","author":"Le Merrer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3381","article-title":"The brain reward circuitry in mood disorders","volume":"14","author":"Russo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1654","article-title":"FACS-array profiling of striatal projection neuron subtypes in juvenile and adult mouse brains","volume":"9","author":"Lobo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-014-0717-9","article-title":"A mu-delta opioid receptor brain atlas reveals neuronal co-occurrence in subcortical networks","volume":"220","author":"Erbs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Struct Funct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-02-00483.1992","article-title":"Opioids excite dopamine neurons by hyperpolarization of local interneurons","volume":"12","author":"Johnson","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12503","article-title":"GABAergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area receive dual GABA\/enkephalin-mediated inhibitory inputs from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis","volume":"39","author":"Kudo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12605","article-title":"Functional selectivity and time-dependence of \u03bc-opioid receptor desensitization at nerve terminals in the mouse ventral tegmental area","volume":"172","author":"Lowe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9721","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2993-07.2007","article-title":"Compartment-specific modulation of GABAergic synaptic transmission by mu-opioid receptor in the mouse striatum with green fluorescent protein-expressing dopamine islands","volume":"27","author":"Miura","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2015.01.002","article-title":"Understanding opioid reward","volume":"38","author":"Fields","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ps.40.020189.001203","article-title":"Brain dopamine and reward","volume":"40","author":"Wise","year":"1989","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.04.030","article-title":"Separate GABA afferents to dopamine neurons mediate acute action of opioids, development of tolerance, and expression of withdrawal","volume":"82","author":"Matsui","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11527","article-title":"Input-specific control of reward and aversion in the ventral tegmental area","volume":"491","author":"Lammel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.02.015","article-title":"GABA neurons of the VTA drive conditioned place aversion","volume":"73","author":"Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00427441","article-title":"Destruction of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens selectively attenuates cocaine but not heroin self-administration in rats","volume":"84","author":"Pettit","year":"1984","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.03.078","article-title":"Fine-grained mapping of mouse brain functional connectivity with resting-state fMRI","volume":"96","author":"Mechling","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11603","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1601640113","article-title":"Deletion of the mu opioid receptor gene in mice reshapes the reward-aversion connectome","volume":"113","author":"Mechling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e74706","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074706","article-title":"Mu opioid receptors on primary afferent nav1.8 neurons contribute to opiate-induced analgesia: Insight from conditional knockout mice","volume":"8","author":"Weibel","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.07.006","article-title":"The endocannabinoid system controls key epileptogenic circuits in the hippocampus","volume":"51","author":"Monory","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.07.033","article-title":"A novel anxiogenic role for the delta opioid receptor expressed in GABAergic forebrain neurons","volume":"77","author":"Chu Sin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1417.028","article-title":"Gene expression is altered in the lateral hypothalamus upon activation of the mu opioid receptor","volume":"1129","author":"Befort","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(98)01201-3","article-title":"Quantitative autoradiography of mu-, delta- and kappa1 opioid receptors in kappa-opioid receptor knockout mice","volume":"818","author":"Slowe","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2003.02439.x","article-title":"Increase of morphine withdrawal in mice lacking A2a receptors and no changes in CB1\/A2a double knockout mice","volume":"17","author":"Berrendero","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2007.10.015","article-title":"Morphine-induced analgesic tolerance, locomotor sensitization and physical dependence do not require modification of mu opioid receptor, cdk5 and adenylate cyclase activity","volume":"54","author":"Contet","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(95)00667-2","article-title":"Morphine-induced catalepsy is augmented by NMDA receptor antagonists, but is partially attenuated by an AMPA receptor antagonist","volume":"295","author":"Tzschentke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.10.021","article-title":"Deletion of the \u03b4 opioid receptor gene impairs place conditioning but preserves morphine reinforcement","volume":"69","author":"Le Merrer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145708009279","article-title":"New operant model of nicotine-seeking behaviour in mice","volume":"12","author":"Martin-Garcia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-1600.2011.00423.x","article-title":"Operant model of frustrated expected reward in mice","volume":"17","author":"Burokas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Addict Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2013.10.018","article-title":"The MVGC multivariate Granger causality toolbox: A new approach to Granger-causal inference","volume":"223","author":"Barnett","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3641","article-title":"Deficient neuron-microglia signaling results in impaired functional brain connectivity and social behavior","volume":"17","author":"Zhan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(02)01812-5","article-title":"Lack of reward and locomotor stimulation induced by heroin in mu-opioid receptor-deficient mice","volume":"446","author":"Contarino","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2010.07104.x","article-title":"Mouse strain differences in locomotor, sensitisation and rewarding effect of heroin; association with alterations in MOP-r activation and dopamine transporter binding","volume":"31","author":"Bailey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(02)00265-8","article-title":"Effects of DA D1 and D2 antagonists on the sensitisation to the motor effects of morphine in mice","volume":"26","author":"Serrano","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(79)90117-5","article-title":"Morphine-induced catalepsy in mice: Modification by drugs acting on neurotransmitter systems","volume":"18","author":"VanderWende","year":"1979","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)02001-7","article-title":"Region specific increase of dopamine receptor D1\/D2 mRNA expression in the brain of mu-opioid receptor knockout mice","volume":"894","author":"Park","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2004.06.032","article-title":"Dopamine and drug addiction: The nucleus accumbens shell connection","volume":"47","author":"Di Chiara","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4239","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4458-13.2014","article-title":"Opioid hedonic hotspot in nucleus accumbens shell: mu, delta, and kappa maps for enhancement of sweetness \u201cliking\u201d and \u201cwanting.\u201d","volume":"34","author":"Castro","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.110","article-title":"Neurocircuitry of addiction","volume":"35","author":"Koob","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3622","article-title":"Targeted expression of \u03bc-opioid receptors in a subset of striatal direct-pathway neurons restores opiate reward","volume":"17","author":"Cui","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4336-13.2014","article-title":"Cocaine dysregulates opioid gating of GABA neurotransmission in the ventral pallidum","volume":"34","author":"Kupchik","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04154.x","article-title":"Functional mu opioid receptors are expressed in cholinergic interneurons of the rat dorsal striatum: Territorial specificity and diurnal variation","volume":"21","author":"Jabourian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.1041","article-title":"Vesicular acetylcholine transporter in the rat nucleus accumbens shell: Subcellular distribution and association with mu-opioid receptors","volume":"40","author":"Svingos","year":"2001","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3622","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-05-03622.1995","article-title":"Synaptic interactions among excitatory afferents to nucleus accumbens neurons: Hippocampal gating of prefrontal cortical input","volume":"15","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.4.1544","article-title":"Opiate receptor knockout mice define mu receptor roles in endogenous nociceptive responses and morphine-induced analgesia","volume":"94","author":"Sora","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.53.1079","article-title":"Opiate pharmacology and relief of pain","volume":"32","author":"Pasternak","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23968","article-title":"Positive emotions and brain reward circuits in chronic pain","volume":"524","author":"Navratilova","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5247","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3494-14.2015","article-title":"Activation of corticostriatal circuitry relieves chronic neuropathic pain","volume":"35","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2002.02187.x","article-title":"Neural correlates of the motivational and somatic components of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal","volume":"16","author":"Frenois","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.1.299","article-title":"Cellular and synaptic adaptations mediating opioid dependence","volume":"81","author":"Williams","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16954","article-title":"A thalamic input to the nucleus accumbens mediates opiate dependence","volume":"530","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.058412","article-title":"GABA(B) receptor activation in the ventral tegmental area inhibits the acquisition and expression of opiate-induced motor sensitization","volume":"308","author":"Leite-Morris","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(81)90207-X","article-title":"Hypokinesia in mice and catalepsy in rats elicited by morphine associated with antidopaminergic agents, including atypical neuroleptics","volume":"27","author":"Barghon","year":"1981","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(94)00787-8","article-title":"Modification of morphine sensitization by opioid and dopamine receptor antagonists: evaluation by studying ambulation in mice","volume":"275","author":"Kuribara","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(00)00207-0","article-title":"Lack of specific effects of selective D(1) and D(2) dopamine antagonists vs. risperidone on morphine-induced hyperactivity","volume":"66","author":"Rodriguez-Arias","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1007\/s002100000244","article-title":"Morphine self-administration in mu-opioid receptor-deficient mice","volume":"361","author":"Becker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(00)00252-9","article-title":"Mu opiate receptor gene dose effects on different morphine actions: Evidence for differential in vivo mu receptor reserve","volume":"25","author":"Sora","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(81)90148-X","article-title":"Intracranial self-administration of morphine into the ventral tegmental area in rats","volume":"28","author":"Bozarth","year":"1981","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-04-01978.1994","article-title":"Self-administration of morphine, DAMGO, and DPDPE into the ventral tegmental area of rats","volume":"14","author":"Devine","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.30.051606.094341","article-title":"Ventral tegmental area neurons in learned appetitive behavior and positive reinforcement","volume":"30","author":"Fields","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11318","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1613337113","article-title":"Striosome-dendron bouquets highlight a unique striatonigral circuit targeting dopamine-containing neurons","volume":"113","author":"Crittenden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.02.001","article-title":"Brain reward circuitry beyond the mesolimbic dopamine system: A neurobiological theory","volume":"35","author":"Ikemoto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2008.12.014","article-title":"Dissecting components of reward: \u2019Liking\u2019, \u2019wanting\u2019, and learning","volume":"9","author":"Berridge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4410","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004410","article-title":"Mu and delta opioid receptors oppositely regulate motor impulsivity in the signaled nose poke task","volume":"4","author":"Olmstead","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322316331560?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322316331560?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]],"date-time":"2019-09-16T19:35:16Z","timestamp":1568662516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006322316331560"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0006322316331560"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.12.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3223","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]}}}