{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T10:16:15Z","timestamp":1793873775885,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]],"date-time":"2022-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000855","name":"University of Birmingham","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008375","name":"Universit\u00e4t Basel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008375","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004963","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011272","name":"European Commission Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["602152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["602152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004312","name":"Eli Lilly and Company","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005609","name":"Turun Yliopisto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005609","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015756","name":"Cilag","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015756","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008001","name":"Universit\u00e4t zu K\u00f6ln","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008252","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Udine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008252","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007343","name":"Shire","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007343","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013327","name":"H. Lundbeck A\/S","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013327","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004325","name":"AstraZeneca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["biologicalpsychiatryjournal.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T21:14:45Z","timestamp":1649711685000},"page":"552-562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Neurobiologically Based Stratification of Recent-Onset Depression and Psychosis: Identification of Two Distinct Transdiagnostic Phenotypes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9642-3080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paris Alexandros","family":"Lalousis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lianne","family":"Schmaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renate L.E.P.","family":"Reniers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas M.","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0575-0789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharine","family":"Chisholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0031-7174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sian Lowri","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4969-3122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Stainton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2077-3070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junhao","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gyujoon","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Davatzikos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Wenzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lana","family":"Kambeitz-Ilankovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Andreou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Bonivento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Dannlowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2399-3626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adele","family":"Ferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5573-1212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theresa","family":"Lichtenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Riecher-R\u00f6ssler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Romer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlene","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bertolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5792-3987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Borgwardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Brambilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8988-3959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Kambeitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4032-7297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebekka","family":"Lencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9565-0238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos","family":"Pantelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6022-2364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Ruhrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raimo K.R.","family":"Salokangas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1956-9574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frauke","family":"Schultze-Lutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Meisenzahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Koutsouleris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Dwyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Upthegrove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20087","article-title":"The RDoC framework: Facilitating transition from ICD\/DSM to dimensional approaches that integrate neuroscience and psychopathology","volume":"13","author":"Cuthbert","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20525","article-title":"Do mental health professionals use diagnostic classifications the way we think they do? A global survey","volume":"17","author":"First","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20631","article-title":"Transdiagnostic psychiatry: A systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Fusar-Poli","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2006.09.027","article-title":"The burden of depressive symptoms in the long-term treatment of patients with schizophrenia","volume":"90","author":"Conley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib5","first-page":"240","article-title":"Depression and schizophrenia: Cause, consequence, or trans-diagnostic issue?","volume":"43","author":"Upthegrove","year":"2017","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810360039006","article-title":"The validity of major depression with psychotic features based on a community study","volume":"48","author":"Johnson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.11.1855","article-title":"Prevalence of depressive episodes with psychotic features in the general population","volume":"159","author":"Ohayon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.2206","article-title":"Identification of a common neurobiological substrate for mental illness","volume":"72","author":"Goodkind","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-009-0023-3","article-title":"Differences in hippocampal volume between major depression and schizophrenia: A comparative neuroimaging study","volume":"260","author":"Meisenzahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-009-9114-1","article-title":"Neurobiological markers of illness onset in psychosis and schizophrenia: The search for a moving target","volume":"19","author":"Pantelis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib11","first-page":"449","article-title":"Neuroanatomical predictors of functional outcome in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis","volume":"43","author":"Reniers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00116","article-title":"Brain structural signatures of negative symptoms in depression and schizophrenia","volume":"5","author":"Chuang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.03.004","article-title":"Impaired regulatory T cell control of astroglial overdrive and microglial pruning in schizophrenia","volume":"125","author":"Corsi-Zuelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.04.002","article-title":"Brain morphology is differentially impacted by peripheral cytokines in schizophrenia-spectrum disorder","volume":"95","author":"Laskaris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16549","article-title":"Schizophrenia risk from complex variation of complement component 4 [published correction appears in Nature 2022; 601:E4\u2013E5]","volume":"530","author":"Sekar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.1332","article-title":"Association of serum interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein in childhood with depression and psychosis in young adult life","volume":"71","author":"Khandaker","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(14)00122-9","article-title":"Inflammation and immunity in schizophrenia: Implications for pathophysiology and treatment","volume":"2","author":"Khandaker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2015.1062552","article-title":"High predictive value of immune-inflammatory biomarkers for schizophrenia diagnosis and association with treatment resistance","volume":"16","author":"Noto","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.02.010","article-title":"Inflammatory markers in depression: A meta-analysis of mean differences and variability in 5,166 patients and 5,083 controls","volume":"87","author":"Osimo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2014.03.005","article-title":"Cytokine function in medication-naive first episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"155","author":"Upthegrove","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.07.009","article-title":"Associations of immunological proteins\/traits with schizophrenia, major depression and bipolar disorder: A bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization study","volume":"97","author":"Perry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.12.014","article-title":"The challenges and promise of neuroimaging in psychiatry","volume":"73","author":"Linden","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00360-0","article-title":"Charting the landscape of priority problems in psychiatry, part 2: Pathogenesis and aetiology","volume":"3","author":"Stephan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00361-2","article-title":"Charting the landscape of priority problems in psychiatry, part 1: Classification and diagnosis","volume":"3","author":"Stephan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbaa185","article-title":"Heterogeneity and classification of recent onset psychosis and depression: A multimodal machine learning approach","volume":"47","author":"Lalousis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.106.024026","article-title":"Diagnostic stability of psychiatric disorders in clinical practice","volume":"190","author":"Baca-Garcia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00008.x","article-title":"Biomarkers in schizophrenia: We need to rebuild the Titanic","volume":"10","author":"Keshavan","year":"2011","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv111","article-title":"Individualized differential diagnosis of schizophrenia and mood disorders using neuroanatomical biomarkers","volume":"138","author":"Koutsouleris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371305801008","article-title":"Diagnostic stability of first-episode psychotic disorders and persistence of comorbid psychiatric disorders over 1 year","volume":"58","author":"Pope","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12m08328","article-title":"Predicting diagnostic change among patients diagnosed with first-episode DSM-IV-TR major depressive disorder with psychotic features","volume":"74","author":"Salvatore","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02541-z","article-title":"The biological classification of mental disorders (BeCOME) study: A protocol for an observational deep-phenotyping study for the identification of biological subtypes","volume":"20","author":"Br\u00fcckl","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2012.105","article-title":"Why has it taken so long for biological psychiatry to develop clinical tests and what to do about it?","volume":"17","author":"Kapur","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2013.50","article-title":"What psychiatric genetics has taught us about the nature of psychiatric illness and what is left to learn","volume":"18","author":"Kendler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.067512","article-title":"Twenty-five year mortality of a community cohort with schizophrenia","volume":"196","author":"Brown","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib35","series-title":"Psychosis and Schizophrenia in Adults: Treatment and Management. NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 178","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-019-2418-7","article-title":"Treatment patterns and sequences of pharmacotherapy for patients diagnosed with depression in the United States: 2014 through 2019","volume":"20","author":"Kern","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01121-6","article-title":"Schizophrenia","volume":"388","author":"Owen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0289-1","article-title":"Predicting the naturalistic course of depression from a wide range of clinical, psychological, and biological data: A machine learning approach","volume":"8","author":"Dinga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00044.x","article-title":"Prediction and prevention of schizophrenia: What has been achieved and where to go next?","volume":"10","author":"Klosterk\u00f6tter","year":"2011","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0600-9","article-title":"Clinical-learning versus machine-learning for transdiagnostic prediction of psychosis onset in individuals at-risk","volume":"9","author":"Fusar-Poli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.18111271","article-title":"Identification of common neural circuit disruptions in emotional processing across psychiatric disorders","volume":"177","author":"McTeague","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20291","article-title":"The need for a conceptual framework in psychiatry acknowledging complexity while avoiding defeatism","volume":"15","author":"Maj","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.12101339","article-title":"Clinical phenotypes of psychosis in the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP)","volume":"170","author":"Tamminga","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20607","article-title":"Transdiagnostic dimensions of psychosis in the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP)","volume":"18","author":"Reininghaus","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718002131","article-title":"Transdiagnostic dimensions of psychopathology at first episode psychosis: Findings from the multinational EU-GEI study","volume":"49","author":"Quattrone","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa025","article-title":"Two distinct neuroanatomical subtypes of schizophrenia revealed using machine learning","volume":"143","author":"Chand","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2019.09.005","article-title":"Neurostructural heterogeneity in youth with internalizing symptoms","volume":"87","author":"Kaczkurkin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.2165","article-title":"Prediction models of functional outcomes for individuals in the clinical high-risk state for psychosis or with recent-onset depression: A multimodal, multisite machine learning analysis [published correction appears in JAMA Psychiatry 2019; 76:550]","volume":"75","author":"Koutsouleris","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib49","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.02.041","article-title":"HYDRA: Revealing heterogeneity of imaging and genetic patterns through a multiple max-margin discriminative analysis framework","volume":"145","author":"Varol","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib51","series-title":"Recovery From Schizophrenia: An International Perspective: A Report From the WHO Collaborative Project, the International Study of Schizophrenia","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X13666150307004545","article-title":"A\u00a0review of biomarkers in mood and psychotic disorders: A dissection of clinical vs. preclinical correlates","volume":"13","author":"Brand","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.025","article-title":"The neurobiology of depression: An integrated view","volume":"27","author":"Dean","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian J Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20490","article-title":"What causes psychosis? An umbrella review of risk and protective factors","volume":"17","author":"Radua","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.19050560","article-title":"Multimodal abnormalities of brain structure and function in major depressive disorder: A meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies","volume":"177","author":"Gray","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.60","article-title":"Structural neuroimaging studies in major depressive disorder. Meta-analysis and comparison with bipolar disorder","volume":"68","author":"Kempton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.60","article-title":"Cortical abnormalities in adults and adolescents with major depression based on brain scans from 20 cohorts worldwide in the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder Working Group","volume":"22","author":"Schmaal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2018.04.023","article-title":"Cortical brain abnormalities in 4474 individuals with schizophrenia and 5098 control subjects via the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium","volume":"84","author":"van Erp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2012.04.010","article-title":"Categorical vs dimensional classifications of psychotic disorders","volume":"53","author":"Potuzak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-005-0588-4","article-title":"Psychological pathways to depression in schizophrenia: Studies in acute psychosis, post psychotic depression and auditory hallucinations","volume":"255","author":"Birchwood","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.073429","article-title":"The Kraepelinian dichotomy - Going, going . . . but still not gone","volume":"196","author":"Craddock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbaa094","article-title":"The psychopathology and neuroanatomical markers of depression in early psychosis","volume":"47","author":"Upthegrove","year":"2021","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.05.038","article-title":"Interrelationships between depressive symptoms and positive and negative symptoms of recent onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A network analytical approach","volume":"140","author":"Herniman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.32","article-title":"Will the Kraepelinian dichotomy survive DSM-V?","volume":"34","author":"Fischer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2020.1266","article-title":"The development of Kraepelin\u2019s concept of dementia praecox: A close reading of relevant texts","volume":"77","author":"Kendler","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.145.5.578","article-title":"Deficit and nondeficit forms of schizophrenia: The concept","volume":"145","author":"Carpenter","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007016","article-title":"The nosology of psychotic disorders: A comparison among competing classification systems","volume":"29","author":"Peralta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1080\/09540260701486563","article-title":"Very poor outcome schizophrenia: Clinical and neuroimaging aspects","volume":"19","author":"Mitelman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s001270050243","article-title":"Diagnostic value of the DSM and ICD categories of psychosis: An evidence-based approach. UK700 Group","volume":"35","author":"van Os","year":"2000","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-019-0346-3","article-title":"Integrative analyses of major histocompatibility complex loci in the genome-wide association studies of major depressive disorder","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib71","first-page":"479","article-title":"The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in schizophrenia: A review","volume":"7","author":"Mokhtari","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Cell Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2019.101887","article-title":"Brain function, structure and genomic data are linked but show different sensitivity to duration of illness and disease stage in schizophrenia","volume":"23","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-017-0496-z","article-title":"Neuroimaging genomics in psychiatry\u2014A translational approach","volume":"9","author":"Mufford","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5124","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0754-0","article-title":"Brain aging in major depressive disorder: Results from the ENIGMA major depressive disorder working group","volume":"26","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.15070922","article-title":"Accelerated brain aging in schizophrenia: A longitudinal pattern recognition study","volume":"173","author":"Schnack","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2019.101796","article-title":"Evaluating the evidence for biotypes of depression: Methodological replication and extension of Drysdale et\u00a0al. (2017)","volume":"22","author":"Dinga","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"}],"container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322322011568?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322322011568?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:08:34Z","timestamp":1762099714000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006322322011568"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0006322322011568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3223","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Neurobiologically Based Stratification of Recent-Onset Depression and Psychosis: Identification of Two Distinct Transdiagnostic Phenotypes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biological Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2022.03.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Society of Biological Psychiatry.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}