{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T08:57:17Z","timestamp":1773910637451,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,6]],"date-time":"2017-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512518400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":370,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biological Psychology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]],"date-time":"2016-07-08T07:39:09Z","timestamp":1467963549000},"page":"173-186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"special_numbering":"PB","title":["Expectancy influences on attention to threat are only weak and transient: Behavioral and physiological evidence"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Tatjana","family":"Aue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L\u00e9a A.S.","family":"Chauvign\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirko","family":"Bristle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hadas","family":"Okon-Singer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Guex","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0005","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.107.2.285","article-title":"Automatic activation and strategic avoidance of threat-relevant information in social phobia","volume":"107","author":"Amir","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2004.01.004","article-title":"Covariation bias and its physiological correlates in panic disorder patients","volume":"19","author":"Amrhein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1080\/02699931.2011.602241","article-title":"Evidence for an encounter expectancy bias in fear of spiders","volume":"26","author":"Aue","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2015.08.005","article-title":"Expectancy biases in fear and anxiety and their link to biases in attention","volume":"42","author":"Aue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-015-0339-6","article-title":"Brain systems underlying expectancy bias in spider phobia","volume":"15","author":"Aue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00418","article-title":"Varying expectancies and the attention bias in phobic and non-phobic individuals","volume":"7","author":"Aue","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1027\/0269-8803\/a000078","article-title":"The sensitivity of physiological measures to phobic and non-phobic fear intensity","volume":"26","author":"Aue","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00194","article-title":"Visual avoidance in phobia: particularities in neural activity, autonomic responding, and cognitive risk evaluations","volume":"7","author":"Aue","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsr081","article-title":"Neural correlates of wishful thinking","volume":"7","author":"Aue","year":"2012","journal-title":"Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.133.1.1","article-title":"Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: a meta-analytic study","volume":"133","author":"Bar-Haim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.5.4.418","article-title":"Abstract stimuli associated with threat through conditioning cannot be detected preattentively","volume":"5","author":"Batty","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2013.01.002","article-title":"Are attentional bias and memory bias for negative words causally related?","volume":"44","author":"Blaut","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0070","series-title":"Handbook of psychophysiology","first-page":"581","article-title":"Emotion and motivation","author":"Bradley","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2008.00654.x","article-title":"The pupil as a measure of emotional arousal and autonomic activation","volume":"45","author":"Bradley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0146-6402(83)90015-2","article-title":"Cognitive processes in anxiety","volume":"5","author":"Butler","year":"1983","journal-title":"Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.11.003","article-title":"Mechanisms of attentional biases towards threat in anxiety disorders: an integrative review","volume":"30","author":"Cisler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-011-0064-1","article-title":"The Geneva Affective PicturE Database (GAPED): a new 730 picture database focusing on valence and normative significance","volume":"43","author":"Dan-Glauser","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0095","series-title":"Handbook of psychology: volume 3. Biological psychology","first-page":"405","article-title":"Emotion","author":"Davis","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.18.030195.001205","article-title":"Neural mechanisms of selective visual attention","volume":"18","author":"Desimone","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.96.3.433","article-title":"Visual search and stimulus similarity","volume":"96","author":"Duncan","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(01)00089-5","article-title":"Spider phobia: interaction of disgust and perceived likelihood of involuntary physical contact","volume":"16","author":"de Jong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anxiety Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.01108","article-title":"Proportion congruency effects: instructions may be enough","volume":"5","author":"Entel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2012.04.003","article-title":"The combined cognitive bias hypothesis in depression","volume":"32","author":"Everaert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-012-0336-6","article-title":"Fear makes you stronger: responding to feared animal targets in visual search","volume":"74","author":"Flykt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, and Psychophysics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.5.3.349","article-title":"Visual search with biological threat stimuli: accuracy, reaction times and heart rate changes","volume":"5","author":"Flykt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.99.1.20","article-title":"Emotional processing of fear: exposure to corrective information","volume":"99","author":"Foa","year":"1986","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.105.3.433","article-title":"Cognitive biases in generalized social phobia","volume":"105","author":"Foa","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.130.4.681","article-title":"Do threatening stimuli draw or hold visual attention in subclinical anxiety?","volume":"130","author":"Fox","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930143000527","article-title":"Attentional bias for threat: evidence for delayed disengagement from emotional faces","volume":"16","author":"Fox","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1037\/h0078881","article-title":"Adaptation canadienne-fran\u00e7aise de la version r\u00e9vis\u00e9e du State-Trait Anxiety Inventory de Spielberger","volume":"25","author":"Gauthier","year":"1993","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Behavioral Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2013.00145","article-title":"Alerting, orienting or executive attention networks: differential patterns of pupil dilations","volume":"7","author":"Geva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03194044","article-title":"Top-down guidance in visual search for facial expressions","volume":"14","author":"Hahn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin and Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1080\/026999399379249","article-title":"Eye movement registration as a continuous index of attention deployment: data from a group of spider anxious students","volume":"13","author":"Hermans","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2006.02.001","article-title":"Imagery and interpretations in social phobia: support for the combined cognitive biases hypothesis","volume":"37","author":"Hirsch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behavior Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.10.003","article-title":"Memory-guided attention: control from multiple memory systems","volume":"16","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01173284","article-title":"Toward an information-processing analysis of depression","volume":"8","author":"Ingram","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2003.08.001","article-title":"Selective attention to threat in the dot probe paradigm: differentiating vigilance and difficulty to disengage","volume":"42","author":"Koster","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2005.12.011","article-title":"Components of attentional bias to threat in high trait anxiety: facilitated engagement, impaired disengagement: and attentional avoidance","volume":"44","author":"Koster","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.133.1.95","article-title":"The influence of outcome desirability on optimism","volume":"133","author":"Krizan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0205","series-title":"Attention and orienting: sensory and motivational processes","first-page":"97","article-title":"Motivated attention: affect, activation, and action","author":"Lang","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0210","series-title":"Handbook of emotions","first-page":"157","article-title":"Emotional networks in the brain","author":"LeDoux","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-010-9322-2","article-title":"Attention and memory biases in social anxiety disorder: the role of comorbid depression","volume":"36","author":"LeMoult","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.4.3.233","article-title":"Snakes and cats in the flower bed: fast detection is not specific to pictures of fear-relevant animals","volume":"4","author":"Lipp","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.6.2.296","article-title":"Of snakes and flowers: does preferential detection of pictures of fear-relevant animals in visual search reflect fear-relevance?","volume":"6","author":"Lipp","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2013.07.005","article-title":"What we fear most: a developmental advantage for fear-relevant stimuli","volume":"33","author":"LoBue","year":"2013","journal-title":"Developmental Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0235","series-title":"Attention, arousal, and the orientation reaction","author":"Lynn","year":"1966"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.115.3.580","article-title":"Phylo- and ontogenetic fears and the expectation of danger: differences between spider- and flight-phobic subjects in cognitive and physiological responses to disorder-specific stimuli","volume":"115","author":"M\u00fchlberger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(97)01092-9","article-title":"Cognitive biases in anxiety and attention to threat","volume":"1","author":"Mathews","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465800003015","article-title":"Specificity of cognitive biases in social phobia and their role in recovery","volume":"28","author":"McManus","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.92.4.698","article-title":"Threatened by the unexpected: physiological responses during social interactions with expectancy-violating partners","volume":"92","author":"Mendes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(98)00063-1","article-title":"A cognitive-motivational analysis of anxiety","volume":"36","author":"Mogg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(96)00109-X","article-title":"Time course of attentional bias for threat information in non-clinical anxiety","volume":"35","author":"Mogg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00102","article-title":"Top-down modulation of attention by emotion","volume":"7","author":"Mohanty","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2604","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhn021","article-title":"The spatial attention network interacts with limbic and monoaminergic systems to modulate motivation-induced attention shifts","volume":"18","author":"Mohanty","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10563","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1170-09.2009","article-title":"Search for a threatening target triggers limbic guidance of spatial attention","volume":"29","author":"Mohanty","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.06.002","article-title":"Spider fear and covariation bias in children and adolescents","volume":"45","author":"Muris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behaviour Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2012.05.010","article-title":"Dynamic modulation of emotional processing","volume":"92","author":"Okon-Singer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0295","first-page":"327","article-title":"Different states in visual working memory: then it guides attention and when it does not","volume":"15","author":"Olivers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.108.3.483","article-title":"Fears, phobias, and preparedness: toward an evolved module of fear and fear learning","volume":"108","author":"\u00d6hman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.130.3.466","article-title":"Emotion drives attention: detecting the snake in the grass","volume":"130","author":"\u00d6hman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0310","first-page":"1","article-title":"Social anxiety and information processing biases: an integrated theoretical perspective","volume":"30","author":"Peschard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930341000365","article-title":"Memory-based attentional biases: anxiety is linked to threat avoidance","volume":"18","author":"Rohner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2013.10.014","article-title":"Does fear expectancy prime fear? An autonomic study in spider phobics","volume":"91","author":"Sebastiani","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(71)80064-3","article-title":"Phobias and preparedness","volume":"2","author":"Seligman","year":"1971","journal-title":"Behavior Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2009.07.022","article-title":"Some animal specific fears are more specific than others: evidence from attention and emotion measures","volume":"47","author":"Soares","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behavioural Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.25.030163.002553","article-title":"Higher nervous functions: the orienting reflex","volume":"25","author":"Sokolov","year":"1963","journal-title":"Annual Review of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2008.05.007","article-title":"Automatic guidance of attention from working memory","volume":"12","author":"Soto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0345","series-title":"Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory (Form Y)","author":"Spielberger","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2011.01271.x","article-title":"Pupillary responses and event-related potentials as indices of the orienting reflex","volume":"48","author":"Steiner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-8986.3960707","article-title":"Pericranial muscular, respiratory: and heart rate components of the orienting response","volume":"39","author":"Stekelenburg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1132028","article-title":"Predictive codes for forthcoming perception in the frontal cortex","volume":"314","author":"Summerfield","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7916(94)00072-T","article-title":"Fear of spiders questionnaire","volume":"26","author":"Szymanski","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8260.1994.tb01108.x","article-title":"Stimulus estimation and the overprediction of fear","volume":"33","author":"Taylor","year":"1994","journal-title":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2015.03.018","article-title":"A circuit for pupil orienting responses: implications for cognitive modulation of pupil size","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0380","series-title":"Cognitive psychology and emotional disorders","author":"Williams","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1080\/13506280444000193","article-title":"Look at me, I\u2019m smiling: visual search for threatening and nonthreatening facial expressions","volume":"12","author":"Williams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Visual Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0390","first-page":"483","article-title":"Changing your mind: on the contributions of the top-down and bottom-up guidance in visual search for feature singletons","volume":"29","author":"Wolfe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.02.016","article-title":"Visual search","volume":"20","author":"Wolfe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0400","series-title":"International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (10th rev.)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0405","first-page":"18","article-title":"Proposed revision of the Declaration of Helsinki","volume":"147","author":"World Medical Association","year":"1999","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1080\/713755991","article-title":"Anxiety and attention to threatening pictures","volume":"54","author":"Yiend","year":"2001","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930903205698","article-title":"The effects of emotion on attention: a review of attentional processing of emotional information","volume":"24","author":"Yiend","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.08.010","article-title":"Olfactory predictive codes and stimulus templates in piriform cortex","volume":"72","author":"Zelano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"}],"container-title":["Biological Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301051116302095?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0301051116302095?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T04:51:17Z","timestamp":1759553477000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0301051116302095"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"references-count":84,"alternative-id":["S0301051116302095"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-0511"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-0511","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Expectancy influences on attention to threat are only weak and transient: Behavioral and physiological evidence","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biological Psychology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}