{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T04:06:35Z","timestamp":1789531595517,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006249","name":"Donghua University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CUSF-DH-D-2024031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUSF-DH-D-2024031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006249","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Bioresource Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:02:35Z","timestamp":1789052555000},"page":"135838","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"PA","title":["Distinct accumulation and dissemination of intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes in nitrifying sludge under different microplastic stresses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"464","author":[{"given":"Peikun","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8762-5844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.118284","article-title":"Enhanced propagation of intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes in municipal wastewater by microplastics","volume":"292","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.1.46-50.2005","article-title":"Simultaneous recovery of extracellular and intracellular DNA suitable for molecular studies from marine sediments","volume":"71","author":"Corinaldesi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"issue":"7583","key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16461","article-title":"Complete nitrification by Nitrospira bacteria","volume":"528","author":"Daims","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.01.050","article-title":"Assessment of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (eARGs) in typical environmental samples and the transforming ability of eARG","volume":"125","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.136053","article-title":"Aging of biodegradable microplastics and their effect on soil properties: control from soil water","volume":"480","author":"Gong","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.107938","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance genes proliferation under anaerobic degradation of polylactic acid and polyhydroxy butyrate bioplastics","volume":"175","author":"Haffiez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.164068","article-title":"Variation in microplastic concentration, characteristics and distribution in sewage sludge & biosolids around the world","volume":"891","author":"Harley-Nyang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2021.111972","article-title":"Effect of microplastic particle size to the nutrients removal in activated sludge system","volume":"163","author":"He","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adr8243","article-title":"Microplastics in the bloodstream can induce cerebral thrombosis by causing cell obstruction and lead to neurobehavioral abnormalities","volume":"11","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1254065","article-title":"Microplastics in the seas","volume":"345","author":"Law","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0050","article-title":"Fates of intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes during a pilot-scale aerobic granular sludge cultivation process","volume":"421","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.123285","article-title":"Insights into the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in the spread of antibiotic resistance genes","volume":"343","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2026.141825","article-title":"Atmospheric microplastic deposition in 24 Chinese cities with different socio-economic development levels","volume":"508","author":"Liao","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135159","article-title":"Mechanistic insights into superior biofilm formation with heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria under polypropylene microplastic stress","volume":"458","author":"Lin","year":"2026","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.167544","article-title":"Deterioration of sludge characteristics and promotion of antibiotic resistance genes spread with the co-existing of polyvinylchloride microplastics and tetracycline in the sequencing batch reactor","volume":"906","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.119356","article-title":"Different microplastics distinctively enriched the antibiotic resistance genes in anaerobic sludge digestion through shifting specific hosts and promoting horizontal gene flow","volume":"228","author":"Luo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1021\/es404280v","article-title":"Persistence of extracellular DNA in river sediment facilitates antibiotic resistance gene propagation","volume":"48","author":"Mao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.142536","article-title":"Microplastics in wastewater and sludge from centralized and decentralized wastewater treatment plants: effects of treatment systems and microplastic characteristics","volume":"361","author":"Maw","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03388-7","article-title":"Health impacts of microplastic exposure","volume":"30","author":"O\u2019Leary","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.119884","article-title":"P, N, and C-related functional genes in SBR system promoted antibiotics resistance gene transmission under polystyrene microplastics stress","volume":"235","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16235-3","article-title":"Microplastics affect sedimentary microbial communities and nitrogen cycling","volume":"11","author":"Seeley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.178306","article-title":"Microplastics accelerate nitrificaiton, shape the microbial community, and alter antibiotic resistance during the nitrifying process","volume":"959","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.133925","article-title":"Occurrence, fate, and ecological risk of antibiotics in wastewater treatment plants in China: a review","volume":"469","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-020-0679-2","article-title":"Non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals enhance the transmission of exogenous antibiotic resistance genes through bacterial transformation","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124981","article-title":"Microplastics affect the ammonia oxidation performance of aerobic granular sludge and enrich the intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes","volume":"409","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2023.120752","article-title":"Fates of extracellular and intracellular antibiotic resistance genes in activated sludge and plastisphere under sulfadiazine pressure","volume":"247","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.118825","article-title":"Wastewater treatment plants act as essential sources of microplastic formation in aquatic environments:a critical review","volume":"221","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.140526","article-title":"Ecological implications of biodegradable and conventional microplastics: dissolved organic matter bioavailability and microbial response in marine systems","volume":"500","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2948","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c08265","article-title":"Bacterium-phage symbiosis facilitates the enrichment of bacterial pathogens and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the plastisphere","volume":"59","author":"Xia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2024.131358","article-title":"Effects of polypropylene microplastics on digestion performance, microbial community, and antibiotic resistance during microbial anaerobic digestion","volume":"411","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioresource Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2026.141673","article-title":"Elucidating the role of overlooked environmentally persistent free radicals and reactive chlorine species on photoaged chlorine-containing microplastics: New insights into formation mechanisms and health risks","volume":"506","author":"Xie","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2025.107800","article-title":"Regulating organic loading to mitigate the impact of microplastics on nitrogen removal and microbial communities in SBR systems","volume":"74","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Water Process Eng."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.0c00212","article-title":"Dynamics of ionic interactions at protein\u2013nucleic acid interfaces","volume":"53","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.122568","article-title":"Microplastics provide new niches for nitrifiers to maintain nitrification performance in nitrifying bioreactors","volume":"285","author":"Yuan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.168986","article-title":"An overview of microplastic pollution in the environment over the megacity of Shanghai during 2013-2022","volume":"912","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.140193","article-title":"Microplastics affect nitrogen cycling and antibiotic resistance genes transfer of sediment","volume":"454","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4248","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b07905","article-title":"An overlooked entry pathway of microplastics into agricultural soils from application of sludge-based fertilizers","volume":"54","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2024.123800","article-title":"Prevalence of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes, and their associations in municipal wastewater treatment plants along the Yangtze River basin, China","volume":"348","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2022.10.051","article-title":"Effects of combined antibiotics on nitrification, bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in activated sludge: Insights from legacy effect of antibiotics","volume":"131","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2022.139166","article-title":"Short-term stress of quaternary ammonium compounds on intracellular and extracellular resistance genes in denitrification systems","volume":"452","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2020.116318","article-title":"Deciphering the mobility and bacterial hosts of antibiotic resistance genes under antibiotic selection pressure by metagenomic assembly and binning approaches","volume":"186","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2024.141032","article-title":"Long-term effect of microplastics on anammox systems: from macro efficiency to micro metabolic mechanisms and antibiotic resistance genes proliferation","volume":"440","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.128715","article-title":"Responses of nitrogen removal under microplastics versus nanoplastics stress in SBR: Toxicity, microbial community and functional genes","volume":"432","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.06.048","article-title":"Deciphering extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (eARGs) in activated sludge by metagenome","volume":"161","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16270","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.270","article-title":"Continental-scale pollution of estuaries with antibiotic resistance genes","volume":"2","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Bioresource Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960852426019206?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960852426019206?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T03:23:22Z","timestamp":1789529002000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0960852426019206"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S0960852426019206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-8524"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-8524","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Distinct accumulation and dissemination of intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes in nitrifying sludge under different microplastic stresses","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Bioresource Technology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biortech.2026.135838","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"135838"}}