{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:48:57Z","timestamp":1791935337335,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82402466"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82402466"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004032","name":"Jilin University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025B08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025B08"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025JJ60749"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025JJ60749"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFE0210200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFE0210200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011789","name":"Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YDZJ202401191ZYTS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YDZJ202401191ZYTS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011789","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013290","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013290","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biosensors and Bioelectronics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T15:21:22Z","timestamp":1790608882000},"page":"119276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Quantitative and multimodal kinetic modulation of DNA strand displacement using side-arm structures"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"315","author":[{"given":"Huajing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanpei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renpeng","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihao","family":"Ming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianjin","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.202000372","article-title":"Self-assembled, programmable DNA nanodevices for biological and biomedical applications","volume":"22","author":"Bhatia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chembiochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1021\/ja206690a","article-title":"Expanding the rule set of DNA circuitry with associative toehold activation","volume":"134","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.202300123","article-title":"A strand displacement signal amplification-assisted fluorescence assay for sensitive detection of microRNA","volume":"46","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Separ. Sci."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202201929","article-title":"Dissipative control over the toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement reaction","volume":"61","author":"Del Grosso","year":"2022","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4055","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac1152","article-title":"Toehold clipping: a mechanism for remote control of DNA strand displacement","volume":"51","author":"Faheem","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.1021\/ja1073239","article-title":"Remote toehold: a mechanism for flexible control of DNA hybridization kinetics","volume":"133","author":"Genot","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2023.108706","article-title":"Transformation of remote toehold-mediated strand displacement for expanding the regulatory toolbox","volume":"190","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microchem. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.3c09506","article-title":"DNAzyme-Based dissipative DNA strand displacement for constructing temporal logic gates","volume":"18","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11451","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.0c03105","article-title":"Modeling DNA-Strand displacement reactions in the presence of base-pair mismatches","volume":"142","author":"Irmisch","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222-025-00303-8","article-title":"DNA-based biocomputing circuits and their biomedical applications","volume":"3","author":"Jia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Bioeng."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-021-00962-9","article-title":"Programming cell-free biosensors with DNA strand displacement circuits","volume":"18","author":"Jung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16502","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c05726","article-title":"DNA strand displacement driven by host-guest interactions","volume":"144","author":"Kankanamalage","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac1193","article-title":"A versatile and convenient tool for regulation of DNA strand displacement and post-modification on pre-fabricated DNA nanodevices","volume":"51","author":"Liao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fmre.2021.07.016","article-title":"Programming cell entry of molecules via reversible synthetic DNA circuits on cell membrane","volume":"1","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fundam. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11573","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c01763","article-title":"Multifunctional clip strand for the regulation of DNA strand displacement and construction of complex DNA nanodevices","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1039\/D0NR07865D","article-title":"Information processing based on DNA toehold-mediated strand displacement (TMSD) reaction","volume":"13","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.202100140","article-title":"Biocomputing based on DNA strand displacement reactions","volume":"22","author":"Lv","year":"2021","journal-title":"ChemPhysChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.720291","article-title":"DNA functional nanomaterials for controlled delivery of nucleic acid-based drugs","volume":"9","author":"Lv","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16691","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c04344","article-title":"Leveraging steric moieties for kinetic control of DNA strand displacement reactions","volume":"145","author":"Lysne","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6326","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.8b00580","article-title":"Principles and applications of nucleic acid strand displacement reactions","volume":"119","author":"Simmel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17624","DOI":"10.1039\/D4NR00542B","article-title":"Strong sequence-dependence in RNA\/DNA hybrid strand displacement kinetics","volume":"16","author":"Smith","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2021.113537","article-title":"Application of the Dimeric G-Quadruplex and toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction for fluorescence biosensing of ochratoxin A","volume":"192","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15907","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c19344","article-title":"Latent toehold-mediated DNA circuits based on a Bulge-loop structure for leakage reduction and its application to signal-amplifying DNA logic gates","volume":"16","author":"Sugawara","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1998.1991","article-title":"Sequence dependence of branch migratory minima","volume":"282","author":"Sun","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5060","DOI":"10.1039\/D3BM00476G","article-title":"Principles of nucleic acid toehold mediated strand displacement (TMSD) reaction model and its applications in cell environment","volume":"11","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026621666211105100240","article-title":"DNA nanodevices: from mechanical motions to biomedical applications","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3135","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c10797","article-title":"Cooperative branch migration: a mechanism for flexible control of DNA strand displacement","volume":"16","author":"Weng","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6516","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c09242","article-title":"Plug-and-Play module for reversible and continuous control of DNA strand displacement kinetics","volume":"146","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib29","first-page":"12213","article-title":"Binder-responsive DNA strand displacement enables high-throughput and high-fidelity discovering of small molecular DNA binders","volume":"96","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12401","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c01511","article-title":"Modified unit-mediated strand displacement reactions for direct detection of single nucleotide variants in active double-stranded DNA","volume":"18","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"6796","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1038\/35020524","article-title":"A DNA-fuelled molecular machine made of DNA","volume":"406","author":"Yurke","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21596","article-title":"NUPACK: analysis and design of nucleic acid systems","volume":"32","author":"Zadeh","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17303","DOI":"10.1021\/ja906987s","article-title":"Control of DNA strand displacement kinetics using toehold exchange","volume":"131","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2023.116943","article-title":"Updated toolkits for nucleic acid-based biosensors","volume":"159","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"TrAC, Trends Anal. Chem."}],"container-title":["Biosensors and Bioelectronics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0956566326009097?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0956566326009097?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:28:23Z","timestamp":1791934103000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0956566326009097"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S0956566326009097"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-5663"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-5663","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Quantitative and multimodal kinetic modulation of DNA strand displacement using side-arm structures","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bios.2026.119276","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"119276"}}