{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T16:10:41Z","timestamp":1778083841769,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010002","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CGMH-NYCU-114-CORPG2P0072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CGMH-NYCU-114-CORPG2P0072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC 111-2628-E-A49-026-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 111-2628-E-A49-026-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSTC 111-2320-B-182A-002-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 111-2320-B-182A-002-MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG3L1011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3L1011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CORPG2P0072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CORPG2P0072"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG3M0851"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3M0851"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003625","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005799","name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005799","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100024990","name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100024990","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015674","name":"Health and Welfare Data Science Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015674","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomedical Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T22:26:56Z","timestamp":1752964016000},"page":"100890","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Discrepant treponemal test results: Identification of associated risk factors through machine learning technology in 18-year electronic medical records and national claims data"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Hsin-Yao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ru-Fang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting-Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wan-Ying","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jang-Jih","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1814-5553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Ju","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2019.01.007","article-title":"Syphilis: a great imitator","volume":"37","author":"\u00c7akmak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268819000281","article-title":"The resurgence of syphilis in high-income countries in the 2000s: a focus on Europe","volume":"147","author":"Spiteri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1901593","article-title":"The modern epidemic of syphilis","volume":"382","author":"Ghanem","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-4850-1","article-title":"Prevalence of syphilis in female sex workers in three countryside cities of the state of Par\u00e1, Brazilian Amazon","volume":"20","author":"de Souza","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib5","first-page":"21","article-title":"A growing concern","volume":"44","author":"Harmon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nurse Pract Am J Prim Health Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1901593","article-title":"The modern epidemic of syphilis","volume":"382","author":"Ghanem","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-017-0595-3","article-title":"Syphilis in the Americas: a protocol for a systematic review of syphilis prevalence and incidence in four high-risk groups, 1980-2016","volume":"6","author":"Kitayama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib9","first-page":"460","article-title":"Epidemiology of syphilis and gonorrhea in taiwan_ 2005\u20132016","volume":"33","author":"Lai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Taiwan Epidemiol Bull"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00681-14","article-title":"Recent trends in the serologic diagnosis of syphilis","volume":"22","author":"Morshed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S52","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa350","article-title":"Clinical test performance of a rapid point-of-care syphilis treponemal antibody test: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Bristow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1980.01640250086025","article-title":"Syphilis serology today","volume":"116","author":"Felman","year":"1980","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.02.074","article-title":"Sexually acquired syphilis: laboratory diagnosis, management, and prevention","volume":"82","author":"Forrestel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"10078","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32411-4","article-title":"3rd. Syphilis","volume":"389","author":"Hook","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4713","article-title":"The Chang Gung Research Database\u2014a multi-institutional electronic medical records database for real-world epidemiological studies in Taiwan","volume":"28","author":"Shao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2018062","article-title":"Data resource profile: the national health insurance research database (NHIRD)","volume":"40","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epidemiol Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S196293","article-title":"Taiwan\u2019s national health insurance research database: past and future","volume":"11","author":"Hsieh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2018062","article-title":"Data resource profile: the national health insurance research database (NHIRD)","volume":"40","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epidemiol Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S196293","article-title":"Taiwan\u2019s national health insurance research database: past and future","volume":"11","author":"Hsieh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31819432e5","article-title":"A modification of the elixhauser comorbidity measures into a point system for hospital death using administrative data","volume":"47","author":"Walraven","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2878","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3686-7","article-title":"The Elixhauser comorbidity method outperforms the Charlson index in predicting inpatient death after orthopaedic surgery","volume":"472","author":"Menendez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199801000-00004","article-title":"Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data methods defining important comorbidities","volume":"36","author":"Elixhauser","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83","article-title":"Coding algorithms for defining comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data","volume":"43","author":"Quan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3109\/13814789609162146","article-title":"Comorbidity or multimorbidity","volume":"2","author":"van den Akker","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Gen Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(97)00306-5","article-title":"Multimorbidity in general practice: prevalence, incidence, and determinants of co-occurring chronic and recurrent diseases","volume":"51","author":"Van den Akker","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.15256\/joc.2016.6.72","article-title":"Multimorbidity: what do we know? What should we do?","volume":"6","author":"Navickas","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Comorb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj-cs.520","article-title":"Dxpr\u202f: an R package for generating analysis-ready data from electronic health records\u2014diagnoses and procedures","volume":"7","author":"Tseng","year":"2021","journal-title":"PeerJ Comput Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib28","series-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD international conference on knowledge discovery and data mining(KDD \u201916), New York","first-page":"785","article-title":"XGBoost\u202f: A Scalable Tree Boosting System","author":"Chen","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib29","first-page":"3147","article-title":"LightGBM: a highly efficient gradient boosting decision tree","author":"Ke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib30","series-title":"Applied Logistic Regression","author":"Hosmer","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2005.00503.x","article-title":"Regularization and variable selection via the elastic net","volume":"67","author":"Zou","year":"2005","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Series B Stat Methodol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2021.104562","article-title":"Machine-learning-based predictions of direct-acting antiviral therapy duration for patients with hepatitis C","volume":"154","author":"Feldman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Med Inform"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/28036","article-title":"Lin TW,et al. Energy efficiency of inference algorithms for clinical laboratory data sets: green artificial intelligence study","volume":"24","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-022-02607-2","article-title":"Development and validation of machine learning-based risk prediction models of oral squamous cell carcinoma using salivary autoantibody biomarkers","volume":"22","author":"Tseng","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4150","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.9b00633","article-title":"LightGBM: an effective and scalable algorithm for prediction of chemical toxicity-application to the Tox21 and mutagenicity data sets","volume":"59","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Chem Inf Model"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2019.2948734","article-title":"A resampling based grid search method to improve reliability and robustness of mixture-item response theory models of multimorbid high-risk patients","volume":"24","author":"Batten","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE J Biomed Health Inform"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.16489","article-title":"How to read articles that use machine learning: users\u2019 guides to the medical literature","volume":"322","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-019-1004-8","article-title":"Comparing different supervised machine learning algorithms for disease prediction","volume":"19","author":"Uddin","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib39","article-title":"Increase Trichomonas vaginalis detection based on urine routine analysis through a machine learning approach","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib40","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO guidelines for the treatment of treponema pallidum (Syphilis), https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/who-guidelines-for-the-treatment-of-treponema-pallidum-(syphilis)."},{"issue":"29","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5062","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.5899","article-title":"Confidence intervals after multiple imputation: combining profile likelihood information from logistic regressions","volume":"32","author":"Heinze","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W163","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010-w1","article-title":"Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration","volume":"147","author":"Vandenbroucke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac843","article-title":"Changes in the syphilis rapid plasma reagin titer between diagnosis and treatment","volume":"76","author":"Pandey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000233709.93891.e5","article-title":"Rising rates of syphilis in the era of syphilis elimination","volume":"34","author":"Kerani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000012539","article-title":"Risk of sexually transmitted infections following depressive disorder","volume":"97","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-017-0411-y","article-title":"Immune contributions to osteoarthritis","volume":"15","author":"Lopes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-215325","article-title":"Discovery of an autoantibody signature for the early diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative","volume":"78","author":"Camacho-Encina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.02.431","article-title":"Analysis of circulating immune complexes containing pain-associated molecules in patients with knee osteoarthritis: from the laboratory to the clinic","volume":"20","author":"Savitskaya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2021-1288","article-title":"Interferences in immunoassays: review and practical algorithm","volume":"60","author":"Wauthier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-018-0772-3","article-title":"The GUIDES checklist: development of a tool to improve the successful use of guideline-based computerised clinical decision support","volume":"13","author":"Van de Velde","year":"2018","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.76.5.403","article-title":"Guidelines for serological testing for syphilis","volume":"76","author":"Young","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis850","article-title":"Response of treponema pallidum particle agglutination test titers to treatment of syphilis","volume":"56","author":"Bosshard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1312","article-title":"Out\u2010of\u2010pocket payment for medical care under Taiwan\u2019s National Health Insurance system","volume":"17","author":"Chi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib54","first-page":"157","article-title":"Accuracy of diabetes diagnosis in health insurance claims data in Taiwan","volume":"104","author":"Lin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.4103\/tjo.tjo_79_20","article-title":"Chen KJ,et al. Proposed measures to be taken by ophthalmologists during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: experience from Chang Gung memorial hospital, Linkou, taiwan","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Taiwan J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Biomedical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2319417025000642?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2319417025000642?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T15:13:22Z","timestamp":1778080402000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2319417025000642"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S2319417025000642"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890","relation":{},"ISSN":["2319-4170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2319-4170","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Discrepant treponemal test results: Identification of associated risk factors through machine learning technology in 18-year electronic medical records and national claims data","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biomedical Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100890","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chang Gung University.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100890"}}