{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T02:05:07Z","timestamp":1782439507405,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomedical Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T17:05:40Z","timestamp":1754413540000},"page":"100894","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impact of vertical facial patterns on three-dimensional surgical outcomes and stability in skeletal Class II malocclusion"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Wasuthorn","family":"Poolsin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4358-2322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen Wen-Ching","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol Yi-Hsuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng-Hui","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2020.09.001","article-title":"Evaluation of long-term hard tissue relapse following surgical-orthodontic treatment in skeletal class II patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Gaitan-Romero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2011.02.086","article-title":"Dental or skeletal relapse after sagittal split osteotomy advancement surgery? long-term follow-up","volume":"69","author":"Moen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-160X-3-21","article-title":"The hierarchy of stability and predictability in orthognathic surgery with rigid fixation: an update and extension","volume":"3","author":"Proffit","year":"2007","journal-title":"Head Face Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2016.05.008","article-title":"Surgical treatment of class II dento-facial deformity during adolescence: long-term follow-up","volume":"44","author":"Marangoni","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.05.023","article-title":"Long-term stability of mandibular advancement with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy","volume":"46","author":"Paunonen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2004.01.004","article-title":"Skeletal stability following maxillary impaction and mandibular advancement","volume":"33","author":"Arpornmaeklong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1054\/ijom.2002.0315","article-title":"Stability after rigid fixation of simultaneous maxillary impaction and mandibular advancement osteotomies","volume":"32","author":"Emshoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2014.01.016","article-title":"Accuracy of maxillary positioning after standard and inverted orthognathic sequencing","volume":"117","author":"Ritto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2001.110983","article-title":"Mandibular advancement surgery in high-angle and low-angle class II patients: different long-term skeletal responses","volume":"119","author":"Mobarak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2006.12.023","article-title":"Alteration of the mandibular plane during sagittal split advancement: short- and long-term stability","volume":"104","author":"Frey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2008.06.060","article-title":"Stability after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy advancement surgery with rigid internal fixation: a systematic review","volume":"67","author":"Joss","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2021.02.005","article-title":"One-year stability of the mandibular advancement and counterclockwise rotation for correction of the skeletal class II malocclusion and high mandibular plane angle: dental and skeletal aspect","volume":"45","author":"Ruslin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2005.04.008","article-title":"Short- and long-term skeletal relapse after mandibular advancement surgery","volume":"35","author":"Eggensperger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjm080","article-title":"Stability of the hard and soft tissue profile after mandibular advancement in sagittal split osteotomies: a longitudinal and long-term follow-up study","volume":"30","author":"Joss","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2004.07.007","article-title":"Skeletal relapse after mandibular advancement and setback in single-jaw surgery","volume":"62","author":"Eggensperger","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2022.02.002","article-title":"A three-dimensional cephalometric analysis of Japanese adults and its usefulness in orthognathic surgery: a retrospective study","volume":"50","author":"Yoshikawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2011.02.045","article-title":"Three-dimensional cephalometric norms of Chinese adults in Hong Kong with balanced facial profile","volume":"112","author":"Cheung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(69)90036-0","article-title":"Prediction of mandibular growth rotation","volume":"55","author":"Bj\u00f6rk","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9416(84)90028-9","article-title":"Prediction of mandibular growth rotation evaluated from a longitudinal implant sample","volume":"86","author":"Skieller","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12677","article-title":"3D analysis of maxillomandibular morphology in hyperdivergent and hypodivergent individuals: a cross-sectional study","volume":"26","author":"Reis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdsr.2013.07.004","article-title":"Growth of the mandible and biological characteristics of the mandibular condylar cartilage","volume":"49","author":"Mizoguchi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Japan Dent Sci Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2022.05.016","article-title":"Relapse patterns of two-jaw surgical correction in patients with skeletal class III malocclusion and different vertical facial types","volume":"51","author":"Kuo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjx003","article-title":"Short-term hard and soft tissue changes after mandibular advancement surgery in class II patients: a retrospective cephalometric study","volume":"39","author":"Storms","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib24","first-page":"213","article-title":"Combine the orthodontic-orthognathic surgical correction on class II division 2 malocclusion","volume":"29","author":"Hasprayoon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Taiwanese J of Orthod"},{"issue":"4 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib25","article-title":"Three-dimensional assessment of mandibular advancement 1 year after surgery","volume":"137","author":"Carvalho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3683","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-04984-6","article-title":"Assessment of condylar positional changes in severe skeletal class II malocclusion after surgical-orthodontic treatment","volume":"27","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Oral Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.5125\/jkaoms.2017.43.3.152","article-title":"Skeletal stability following mandibular advancement: is it influenced by the magnitude of advancement or changes of the mandibular plane angle?","volume":"43","author":"Tabrizi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-019-03040-6","article-title":"Large versus small mandibular counterclockwise rotation during bimaxillary surgical correction of class II deformities-a retrospective CBCT study on skeletal stability","volume":"24","author":"Hasprayoon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Oral Invest"}],"container-title":["Biomedical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S231941702500068X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S231941702500068X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T15:14:16Z","timestamp":1778080456000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S231941702500068X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S231941702500068X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894","relation":{},"ISSN":["2319-4170"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2319-4170","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impact of vertical facial patterns on three-dimensional surgical outcomes and stability in skeletal Class II malocclusion","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biomedical Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bj.2025.100894","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chang Gung University.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100894"}}