{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T14:06:05Z","timestamp":1776434765662,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,1]],"date-time":"2018-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543622400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjanaesthesia.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,16]],"date-time":"2018-08-16T09:51:47Z","timestamp":1534413107000},"page":"1282-1289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Remifentanil as an adjunct to anaesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy fails to confer long-term benefits"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"U.","family":"Kessler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Bjorke-Bertheussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"S\u00f8reide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.A.","family":"Hunderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Bache-Mathiesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.J.","family":"Oedegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sartorius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Schoeyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.12050648","article-title":"ECT in treatment-resistant depression","volume":"169","author":"Kellner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1960.tb08351.x","article-title":"Experimental studies of the therapeutic action of electroconvulsive therapy in endogenous depression. The role of the electrical stimulation and of the seizure studied by variation of stimulus intensity and modification by lidocaine of seizure discharge","volume":"35","author":"Cronholm","year":"1960","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib3","first-page":"153","article-title":"ECT seizure therapeutic adequacy","volume":"10","author":"Krystal","year":"1994","journal-title":"Convuls Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib4","first-page":"213","article-title":"Ictal electroencephalographic characteristics during electroconvulsive therapy: a review of determination and clinical relevance","volume":"22","author":"Mayur","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib5","first-page":"208","article-title":"Effects of general anesthetic agents in adults receiving electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Hooten","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1017\/neu.2017.12","article-title":"Anaesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy\u2014new tricks for old drugs: a systematic review","volume":"30","author":"Stripp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropsychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib7","first-page":"323","article-title":"Remifentanil: a review of its use in electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib8","first-page":"203","article-title":"Effects of the addition of remifentanil to propofol anesthesia on seizure length and postictal suppression index in electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"24","author":"Porter","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2005.00766.x","article-title":"Effects of remifentanil and alfentanil on seizure duration, stimulus amplitudes and recovery parameters during ECT","volume":"49","author":"Akcaboy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2001.045007830.x","article-title":"Effects of combined methohexitone-remifentanil anaesthesia in electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"45","author":"Andersen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1304100209","article-title":"Sevoflurane alone and propofol with or without remifentanil for electroconvulsive therapy\u2014a randomised, crossover study","volume":"41","author":"Begec","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib12","first-page":"31","article-title":"Remifentanil\/thiopental combination and seizure length in electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"25","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2011.06.008","article-title":"The effect of propofol-remifentanil anesthesia on selected seizure quality indices in electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"5","author":"Dinwiddie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1604400215","article-title":"The effect of adjuvant remifentanil with propofol or thiopentone on seizure quality during electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"44","author":"MacPherson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib15","first-page":"170","article-title":"Effects of remifentanil on convulsion duration and hemodynamic responses during electroconvulsive therapy: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial","volume":"25","author":"Nasseri","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000054002.65040.B3","article-title":"The effect of remifentanil on seizure duration and acute hemodynamic responses to electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"96","author":"Recart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-016-0690-9","article-title":"Does remifentanil improve ECT seizure quality?","volume":"266","author":"Galvez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2003.00162.x","article-title":"Seizure duration with remifentanil\/methohexital vs. methohexital alone in middle-aged patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"47","author":"Smith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib19","first-page":"235","article-title":"Remifentanil supplementation of propofol during electroconvulsive therapy: effect on seizure duration and cardiovascular stability","volume":"21","author":"Vishne","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2016.11.006","volume":"37","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(13)76598-2","article-title":"Establishment of a Regional register for neurostimulation treatment in Western Norway","volume":"28","author":"Schoeyen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-10-16","article-title":"The study protocol of the Norwegian randomized controlled trial of electroconvulsive therapy in treatment resistant depression in bipolar disorder","volume":"10","author":"Kessler","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib23","series-title":"Electroconvulsive therapy","author":"Abrams","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.134.4.382","article-title":"A\u00a0new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change","volume":"134","author":"Montgomery","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib25","first-page":"179","article-title":"Modified mini-mental state examination: validity and reliability","volume":"37","author":"Stern","year":"1987","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib26","series-title":"ECDEU assessment manual for psychopharmacology","author":"Guy","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib27","unstructured":"Therneau TM. A package for survival analysis in S, version 2.38. Available from: https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=survival."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib28","series-title":"Modeling survival data: extending the Cox mode","author":"Therneau","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib29","first-page":"1","article-title":"icenReg: regression models for interval censored data in R","volume":"81","author":"Anderson-Bergman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Stat Softw"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib30","series-title":"ggplot2: elegant graphics for data analysis","author":"Wickham","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib31","first-page":"273","article-title":"The trend of adding remifentanil in ECT anesthesia: what are we doing?","volume":"32","author":"Bortolotti","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12251","article-title":"What was learned: studies by the consortium for research in ECT (CORE) 1997-2011","volume":"129","author":"Fink","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib33","first-page":"219","article-title":"A\u00a0retrospective comparison of remifentanil versus methohexital for anesthesia in electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"20","author":"Sullivan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.07.011","article-title":"The difficult-to-treat electroconvulsive therapy patient\u2014strategies for augmenting outcomes","volume":"124","author":"Loo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2016.04.018","article-title":"Dose of intraoperative remifentanil administration is independently associated with increase in the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting in elective mastectomy under general anesthesia","volume":"34","author":"Hozumi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.09.005","article-title":"The anaesthetic-ECT time interval in electroconvulsive therapy practice\u2014is it time to time?","volume":"9","author":"Galvez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04971gre","article-title":"Influence of anesthetic drugs and concurrent psychiatric medication on seizure adequacy during electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"71","author":"Bundy","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091218305841?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091218305841?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T18:52:12Z","timestamp":1757789532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0007091218305841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007091218305841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0912","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Remifentanil as an adjunct to anaesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy fails to confer long-term benefits","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"British Journal of Anaesthesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2018.07.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 British Journal of Anaesthesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}