{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:11:21Z","timestamp":1790626281673,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjanaesthesia.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]],"date-time":"2021-12-04T00:37:42Z","timestamp":1638578262000},"page":"584-595","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Mechanisms of respiratory depression induced by the combination of buprenorphine and diazepam in rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Dominique","family":"Vodovar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Chevillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabien","family":"Caill\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Ris\u00e8de","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00e9raldine","family":"Pottier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Auvity","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"M\u00e9garbane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Tournier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6911a4","article-title":"Drug and opioid-involved overdose deaths \u2013 United States, 2017\u20132018","volume":"69","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael051","article-title":"Buprenorphine induces ceiling in respiratory depression but not in analgesia","volume":"96","author":"Dahan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.18913","article-title":"Trends in buprenorphine treatment in the United States, 2009\u20132018","volume":"323","author":"Olfson","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.07.004","article-title":"Polydrug abuse: a review of opioid and benzodiazepine combination use","volume":"125","author":"Jones","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2010.01.006","article-title":"Prospective comparative assessment of buprenorphine overdose with heroin and methadone: clinical characteristics and response to antidotal treatment","volume":"38","author":"M\u00e9garbane","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Subst Abuse Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.05.017","article-title":"Trends in gabapentinoid prescribing, co-prescribing of opioids and benzodiazepines, and associated deaths in Scotland","volume":"125","author":"Torrance","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.112.193433","article-title":"P-glycoprotein is a major determinant of norbuprenorphine brain exposure and antinociception","volume":"343","author":"Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145709990848","article-title":"Interaction of drugs of abuse and maintenance treatments with human P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)","volume":"13","author":"Tournier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3215","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318265680a","article-title":"Respiratory toxicity of buprenorphine results from the blockage of P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux of norbuprenorphine at the blood-brain barrier in mice","volume":"40","author":"Alhaddad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2014.04.009","article-title":"Respiratory effects of buprenorphine\/naloxone alone and in combination with diazepam in naive and tolerant rats","volume":"228","author":"Cohier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2005.01.004","article-title":"The effect of buprenorphine and benzodiazepines on respiration in the rat","volume":"79","author":"Nielsen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2009.09.017","article-title":"Characteristics and comparative severity of respiratory response to toxic doses of fentanyl, methadone, morphine, and buprenorphine in rats","volume":"191","author":"Chevillard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-2889(87)90239-5","article-title":"Preparation of [11C]buprenorphine \u2013 a potential radioligand for the study of the opiate receptor system in\u00a0vivo","volume":"38","author":"Luthra","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Rad Appl Instrum A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.09.016","article-title":"Analgesic properties of the novel compound M43068 in rat models of acute and neuropathic pain","volume":"523","author":"Akada","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00132-A","article-title":"Interaction between flumazenil and the anesthetic effects of hexobarbital in the rat","volume":"676","author":"Korkmaz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-021-00976-w","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic neuroimaging to study the dose-related brain kinetics and target engagement of buprenorphine in\u00a0vivo","volume":"46","author":"Auvity","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2008.00273.x","article-title":"Effects of various combinations of benzodiazepines with buprenorphine on arterial blood gases in rats","volume":"103","author":"Pirnay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(70)90056-3","article-title":"Control of breathing in experimental anemia","volume":"10","author":"Bartlett","year":"1970","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21180","article-title":"Needle electromyography","volume":"39","author":"Daube","year":"2009","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(89)90112-3","article-title":"A\u00a0procedure for chronic recording of diaphragmatic electromyographic activity","volume":"22","author":"Chang","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib21","first-page":"3","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of [3H]-buprenorphine in the rat","volume":"64","author":"Holland","year":"1989","journal-title":"Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1996.0066","article-title":"Simplified reference tissue\u00a0model for PET receptor studies","volume":"4","author":"Lammertsma","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.1998.0655","article-title":"The statistics of synergism","volume":"30","author":"Slinker","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei145","article-title":"Comparison of the respiratory effects of intravenous buprenorphine and fentanyl in humans and rats","volume":"94","author":"Dahan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/62.1.148","article-title":"Lack of effect of single high doses of buprenorphine on arterial blood gases in the rat","volume":"62","author":"Gueye","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/65.1.107","article-title":"Buprenorphine and midazolam act in combination to depress respiration in rats","volume":"65","author":"Gueye","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)36604-2","article-title":"Kinetics of respiratory depression in rats induced by buprenorphine and its metabolite, norbuprenorphine","volume":"281","author":"Ohtani","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-007-9440-z","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of the effectiveness and safety of buprenorphine and fentanyl in rats","volume":"25","author":"Yassen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2005.02.002","article-title":"Flunitrazepam does not alter cerebral distribution of buprenorphine in the rat","volume":"157","author":"Megarbane","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2013.34","article-title":"Why clinical modulation of efflux transport at the human blood-brain barrier is unlikely: the ITC evidence-based position","volume":"94","author":"Kalvass","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.08249FP","article-title":"Comparison of five benzodiazepine-receptor agonists on buprenorphine-induced mu-opioid receptor regulation","volume":"110","author":"Poisnel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.06.027","article-title":"Acute and chronic administration of clorazepate modifies the cell surface regulation of mu opioid receptors induced by buprenorphine in specific regions of the rat brain","volume":"1052","author":"Debruyne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-018-0003-6","article-title":"Breathing matters","volume":"19","author":"Del Negro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200008210-00004","article-title":"Opioid- and GABA(A)-receptors are co-expressed by neurons in rat brain","volume":"11","author":"Kalyuzhny","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01763.x","article-title":"Role of \u03b11- and \u03b12-GABA(A) receptors in mediating the respiratory changes associated with benzodiazepine sedation","volume":"166","author":"Masneuf","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-020-00203-2","article-title":"The physiology and maintenance of respiration: a narrative review","volume":"9","author":"Webster","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(94)00119-K","article-title":"Alterations in diaphragm EMG activity during opiate-induced respiratory depression","volume":"100","author":"Campbell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199309000-00029","article-title":"Effects of midazolam on respiratory muscles in humans","volume":"77","author":"Molliex","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.03.056","article-title":"GABAergic and glycinergic inhibitory mechanisms in the lamprey respiratory control","volume":"1090","author":"Bongianni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(86)90333-X","article-title":"Naloxonazine actions in\u00a0vivo","volume":"129","author":"Ling","year":"1986","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1989.tb14620.x","article-title":"Differential cardiovascular and respiratory responses to central administration of selective opioid agonists in conscious rabbits: correlation with receptor distribution","volume":"98","author":"May","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001530","article-title":"Opioid-type respiratory depressant side effects of cebranopadol in rats are limited by its nociceptin\/orphanin FQ peptide receptor agonist activity","volume":"126","author":"Linz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200746110-00004","article-title":"Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of the reversal of buprenorphine-induced respiratory depression by naloxone: a study in healthy volunteers","volume":"46","author":"Yassen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091221007017?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091221007017?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T19:01:51Z","timestamp":1757790111000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0007091221007017"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007091221007017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0912","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mechanisms of respiratory depression induced by the combination of buprenorphine and diazepam in rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"British Journal of Anaesthesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2021.10.029","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 British Journal of Anaesthesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}