{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T16:53:34Z","timestamp":1788800014942,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":114,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjanaesthesia.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T23:59:40Z","timestamp":1646438380000},"page":"796-805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Randomised open-label trial comparing intravenous iron and an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent versus oral iron to treat preoperative anaemia in cardiac surgery (INITIATE trial)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nevil","family":"Hutchinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Ingoldby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5691-8492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Skipper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7065-1157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Bremner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1099-8121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chloe","family":"Bruce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliet","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2466-4867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanton","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8672-1906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy","family":"Chevassut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hildick-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.9861","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the association between preoperative anaemia and mortality after surgery","volume":"102","author":"Fowler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5714.71","article-title":"Anaemia and surgery","volume":"3","author":"Lunn","year":"1970","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13623","article-title":"British Committee for Standards in Haematology Guidelines on the identification and management of pre-operative anaemia","volume":"171","author":"Kotz\u00e9","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib5","first-page":"97","article-title":"The impact of preoperative intravenous iron therapy on perioperative outcomes in cardiac surgery: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Tankard","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.653501","article-title":"Impact of preoperative anemia on outcome in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery","volume":"116","author":"Kulier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.04.042","article-title":"Impact of preoperative anemia on outcome in adult cardiac surgery: a propensity-matched analysis","volume":"94","author":"Ranucci","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8090-9-137","article-title":"Preoperative anemia increases mortality and postoperative morbidity after cardiac surgery","volume":"9","author":"Miceli","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-014-0302-y","article-title":"Interrelationship of preoperative anemia, intraoperative anemia, and red blood cell transfusion as potentially modifiable risk factors for acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery: a historical multicentre cohort study","volume":"62","author":"Karkouti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.11.078","article-title":"Blood transfusion and infection after cardiac surgery","volume":"95","author":"Horvath","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib11","first-page":"488","article-title":"Transfusion of red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, or platelets is associated with mortality and infection after cardiac surgery in a dose-dependent manner","volume":"130","author":"Ming","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e32830dd087","article-title":"Increased mortality, morbidity, and cost associated with red blood cell transfusion after cardiac surgery","volume":"21","author":"Reeves","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01490506","article-title":"Assessing iron status: beyond serum ferritin and transferrin saturation","volume":"1","author":"Wish","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib14","series-title":"Simple randomisation service","author":"Sealed Envelope Ltd","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a2390","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a2390","article-title":"Improving the reporting of pragmatic trials: an extension of the CONSORT statement","volume":"337","author":"Zwarenstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh090","article-title":"A\u00a0Modified Poisson regression approach to prospective studies with binary data","volume":"159","author":"Zou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev456","article-title":"Intraoperative transfusion practices in Europe","volume":"116","author":"Meier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.13773","article-title":"International consensus statement on the peri-operative management of anaemia and iron deficiency","volume":"72","author":"Munoz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2016.04.018","article-title":"Intravenous versus oral iron supplementation for the treatment of anemia in CKD: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"68","author":"Shepshelovich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.12.016","article-title":"Oral vs intravenous iron therapy for postpartum anemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"221","author":"Sultan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23354","article-title":"Hepcidin levels predict nonresponsiveness to oral iron therapy in patients with iron deficiency anemia","volume":"88","author":"Bregman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib22","first-page":"1127","article-title":"Serum hepcidin reference range, gender differences, menopausal dependence and biochemical correlates in healthy subjects","volume":"22","author":"Ilkovska","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0IMAB"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2018-0551","article-title":"Baseline hepcidin measurement in the differential diagnosis of anaemia for elderly patients and its correlation with the increment of transferrin saturation following an oral iron absorption test","volume":"57","author":"Wolff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.52198\/21.STI.39.CV1512","article-title":"Preoperative sucrosomial iron supplementation increases haemoglobin and reduces transfusion requirements in elective heart surgery patients: a prospective randomized study","volume":"39","author":"Pierelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg Technol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763576","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/763576","article-title":"Intravenous iron therapy in patients with iron deficiency anemia: dosing considerations","volume":"2015","author":"Koch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anemia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivy226","article-title":"Intravenous iron does not effectively correct preoperative anaemia in cardiac surgery: a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"Padmanabhan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2019.11.023","article-title":"Preoperative intravenous iron before cardiac surgery: a prospective multicentre feasibility study","volume":"124","author":"Klein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2846","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq336","article-title":"Target haemoglobin to aim for with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents: a position statement by ERBP following publication of the Trial to reduce cardiovascular events with Aranesp therapy (TREAT) study","volume":"25","author":"Locatelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002376","article-title":"Preoperative epoetin-alpha with intravenous or oral iron for major orthopedic surgery: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"129","author":"Biboulet","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32555-8","article-title":"Effect of ultra-short-term treatment of patients with iron deficiency or anaemia undergoing cardiac surgery: a prospective randomised trial","volume":"393","author":"Spahn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10328","article-title":"Randomized clinical trial of preoperative oral versus intravenous iron in anaemic patients with colorectal cancer","volume":"104","author":"Keeler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31539-7","article-title":"Preoperative intravenous iron to treat anaemia before major abdominal surgery (PREVENTT): a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial","volume":"396","author":"Richards","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2009.05.013","article-title":"Preoperative anemia in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting predicts acute kidney injury","volume":"138","author":"De Santo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2011.02.076","article-title":"Anemia before coronary artery bypass surgery as additional risk factor increases the perioperative risk","volume":"92","author":"Boening","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2016.06.010","article-title":"Does the severity of preoperative anemia or blood transfusion have a stronger impact on long-term survival after cardiac surgery?","volume":"152","author":"von Heymann","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2018.03.109","article-title":"Preoperative anemia versus blood transfusion: which is the culprit for worse outcomes in cardiac surgery?","volume":"156","author":"LaPar","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1403612","article-title":"Liberal or restrictive transfusion after cardiac surgery","volume":"372","author":"Murphy","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2576","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1808561","article-title":"Restrictive versus liberal transfusion for cardiac surgery","volume":"379","author":"Mazer","year":"2018","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2021.03.033","article-title":"STS\/SCA\/AmSECT\/SABM update to the clinical practice guidelines on patient blood management","volume":"112","author":"Tibi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.04.087","article-title":"Patient blood management interventions do not lead to important clinical benefits or cost-effectiveness for major surgery: a network meta-analysis","volume":"126","author":"Roman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091222000654?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091222000654?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T19:02:33Z","timestamp":1757790153000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0007091222000654"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007091222000654"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0912","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Randomised open-label trial comparing intravenous iron and an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent versus oral iron to treat preoperative anaemia in cardiac surgery (INITIATE trial)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"British Journal of Anaesthesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2022.01.034","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of British Journal of Anaesthesia.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}