{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T22:38:44Z","timestamp":1793572724089,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683072000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004963","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HEALTH-F2-2014-602461"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HEALTH-F2-2014-602461"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjanaesthesia.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T01:20:15Z","timestamp":1687224015000},"page":"338-347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Metabolic syndrome and the risk of postoperative delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a multi-centre cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0307-1862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Insa","family":"Feinkohl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Janke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjen J.C.","family":"Slooter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Winterer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Spies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Pischon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00223-4","volume":"6","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Delirium Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.01.035","article-title":"Methodology of measuring postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review","volume":"126","author":"Borchers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60806-6","article-title":"Estimate of the global volume of surgery in 2012: an assessment supporting improved health outcomes","volume":"385","author":"Weiser","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.7243\/2052-5966-2-2","article-title":"Epidemiology of obesity in developing countries: challenges and prevention","volume":"2","author":"Ellulu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Glob Epidemic Obes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70102-0","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors from 1980 to 2010: a comparative risk assessment","volume":"2","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldn042","article-title":"The relationship between type 2 diabetes and dementia","volume":"88","author":"Strachan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-019-1073-7","article-title":"Associations of the metabolic syndrome and its components with cognitive impairment in older adults","volume":"19","author":"Feinkohl","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.06.2637","article-title":"Obesity trajectories and risk of dementia: 28 years of follow-up in the Whitehall II Study","volume":"14","author":"Singh-Manoux","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-017-0724-3","article-title":"Defining the relationship between hypertension, cognitive decline, and dementia: a review","volume":"19","author":"Walker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644","volume":"120","author":"Alberti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2020.935","article-title":"Cumulative exposure to metabolic syndrome components and the risk of dementia: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"36","author":"Cho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-1060-0","article-title":"Risk factors for delirium after on-pump cardiac surgery: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Gosselt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2786","article-title":"Obesity and post-operative cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review and\u00a0meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Feinkohl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2884","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2884","article-title":"Diabetes is associated\u00a0with risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Feinkohl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2174\/1745017901713010027","article-title":"Hypertension and risk of post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD): a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Feinkohl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2017-210338","article-title":"Associations of dyslipidaemia and lipid-lowering treatment with risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"72","author":"Feinkohl","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2017.10.004","article-title":"Personalized risk prediction of postoperative cognitive impairment - rationale for the EU-funded BioCog project","volume":"50","author":"Winterer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2018.08.005","article-title":"Basal forebrain cholinergic system volume is associated with general cognitive ability in the elderly","volume":"119","author":"Lammers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-020-4919-3","article-title":"Stability of\u00a0neuropsychological test performance in older adults\u00a0serving as normative controls for a study on postoperative cognitive dysfunction","volume":"13","author":"Feinkohl","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib20","first-page":"110","article-title":"Cognitive reserve and the risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction","volume":"114","author":"Feinkohl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2016.09.001","article-title":"Risk factors of post-operative delirium after elective vascular surgery in the elderly: a systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Raats","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.23736\/S0375-9393.19.13748-0","article-title":"Intraoperative hyperglycemia increases the incidence of postoperative delirium","volume":"85","author":"Windmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2013.06.032","article-title":"Diabetes and life-long cognitive ability","volume":"75","author":"M\u00f5ttus","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000077920.38307.5f","article-title":"Predicting delirium after vascular surgery: a model based on pre- and intraoperative data","volume":"238","author":"B\u00f6hner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3400\/avd.oa.15-00054","article-title":"Pre- and intraoperative predictors of delirium after open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair","volume":"8","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000026156","article-title":"The risk factors of postoperative delirium in general anesthesia patients with hip fracture: attention needed","volume":"100","author":"Chu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2021.03.034","article-title":"Risk factors for delirium after vascular surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"76","author":"Visser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1017\/S147895152000139X","article-title":"Delirium is associated with an increased morbidity and in-hospital mortality in cancer patients: results from a prospective cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Seiler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Palliat Support Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2008.43.3.143","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of acute postoperative delirium in geriatric neurosurgical patients","volume":"43","author":"Oh","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8191.2012.01472.x","article-title":"Meta-analysis of factors which influence delirium following cardiac surgery","volume":"27","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Card Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.06.026","article-title":"Impact of intraoperative blood pressure, blood pressure fluctuation, and pulse pressure on postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture: a prospective cohort study","volume":"50","author":"Radinovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2534","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2534","article-title":"The relationship between body mass\u00a0index and postoperative delirium","volume":"12","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4233","article-title":"Preoperative risk factors\u00a0for postoperative delirium following hip fracture repair: a systematic review","volume":"30","author":"Oh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.13441","article-title":"C-reactive protein for risk prediction of post-operative delirium and post-operative neurocognitive disorder","volume":"63","author":"Knaak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib35","first-page":"1049","article-title":"[Incidence and risk factors of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery]","volume":"39","author":"Ge","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2019.106558","article-title":"The impact of cerebrovascular risk factors on postoperative memory decline in patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"102","author":"Reyes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1159\/000492962","article-title":"Diabetes, but not hypertension and obesity, is associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction","volume":"46","author":"Lachmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib38","first-page":"35","article-title":"A\u00a0case of postoperative cognitive decline, with a highly elevated C- reactive protein, status post left ventricular assist device insertion: a review of the neuroinflammatory hypothesis of delirium","volume":"9","author":"Spiegel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Innov Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2012.00351","article-title":"Dysfunction of inflammation-resolving pathways is associated with exaggerated postoperative cognitive decline in a rat model of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Su","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2010.06.008","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome exacerbates short-term postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: results of a pilot study","volume":"25","author":"Hudetz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70148-2","article-title":"Glucose regulation, cognition, and brain MRI in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review","volume":"3","author":"Geijselaers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib42","article-title":"Assessment of long-term cognitive dysfunction in older patients who undergo heart surgery","author":"Florido-Santiago","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurologia (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/00031305.2016.1154108","article-title":"The ASA statement on p-values: context, process, and purpose","volume":"70","author":"Wasserstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am Stat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110496","article-title":"Association of postoperative delirium with cognitive outcomes: a meta-analysis","volume":"75","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg074","article-title":"Estimating the relative risk in cohort studies and clinical trials of common outcomes","volume":"157","author":"McNutt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091223002064?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091223002064?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T19:07:20Z","timestamp":1757790440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0007091223002064"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007091223002064"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0912","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Metabolic syndrome and the risk of postoperative delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a multi-centre cohort study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"British Journal of Anaesthesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2023.04.031","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of British Journal of Anaesthesia.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}