{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T13:40:32Z","timestamp":1783690832195,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022963","name":"Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bjanaesthesia.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T08:12:41Z","timestamp":1709194361000},"page":"877-885","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Assessment of sedation by automated pupillometry in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"132","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9985-4943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan-Ni","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia-Jing","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Jie","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1966-841X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.23736\/S0375-9393.19.13437-2","article-title":"Role of automated pupillometry in critically ill patients","volume":"85","author":"Morelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066619881124","article-title":"Quantitative pupillometry in the intensive care unit","volume":"36","author":"Bower","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeg178","article-title":"Effect site concentrations of remifentanil and pupil response to noxious stimulation","volume":"91","author":"Barvais","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000384","article-title":"Pupillary effects of high-dose opioid quantified with infrared pupillometry","volume":"121","author":"Rollins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib5","first-page":"250","article-title":"Use of digital pupillometry to measure sedative response to propofol","volume":"17","author":"Haddock","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ochsner J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-023-01261-7","article-title":"Modern sedation and analgesia strategies in neurocritical care","volume":"23","author":"Bauerschmidt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004362","article-title":"Effect of different concentrations of propofol used as a sole anesthetic on pupillary diameter: a randomized trial","volume":"131","author":"Sabourdin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/2110-5820-3-5","article-title":"Evaluation of the depth of sedation in an intensive care unit based on the photo motor reflex variations measured by video pupillometry","volume":"3","author":"Rouche","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib9","first-page":"CD011240","article-title":"BIS monitoring versus clinical assessment for sedation in mechanically ventilated adults in the intensive care unit and its impact on clinical outcomes and resource utilization","volume":"2","author":"Shetty","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2983","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.22.2983","article-title":"Monitoring sedation status over time in ICU patients: reliability and validity of the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS)","volume":"289","author":"Ely","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.07.417","article-title":"Electroencephalogram dynamics in children during different levels of anaesthetic depth","volume":"128","author":"Koch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-022-01565-5","article-title":"Processed electroencephalogram-based monitoring to guide sedation in critically ill adult patients: recommendations from an international expert panel-based consensus","volume":"38","author":"Rasulo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib13","article-title":"Spectral edge frequency during general anaesthesia: a narrative literature review","volume":"50","author":"Jildenstal","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Int Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2009.01.011","article-title":"Cholinergic deficiency in Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease: evaluation with pupillometry","volume":"73","author":"Fotiou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Psychophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000116924.16535.BA","article-title":"The pupillary effects of intravenous morphine, codeine, and tramadol in volunteers","volume":"99","author":"Knaggs","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2001.01311.x","article-title":"Effect of dexmedetomidine, an alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, on human pupillary reflexes during general anaesthesia","volume":"51","author":"Larson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2009.10.004","article-title":"The effect of ketamine and nitrous oxide on the human pupillary light reflex during general anesthesia","volume":"152","author":"Eilers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000090011.19809.93","article-title":"The effect of antiemetics on pupillary reflex dilation during epidural\/general anesthesia","volume":"97","author":"Larson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2018.00021","article-title":"Neuromodulatory correlates of pupil dilation","volume":"12","author":"Larsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neural Circuits"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-022-00807-3","article-title":"Usability of the SedLine(R) electroencephalographic monitor of depth of anaesthesia in pigs: a pilot study","volume":"36","author":"Mirra","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Monit Comput"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib21","first-page":"394","article-title":"Bispectral index correlates well with Richmond agitation sedation scale in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients","volume":"24","author":"Karamchandani","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1906759","article-title":"Nonsedation or light sedation in critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients","volume":"382","author":"Olsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e825","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003299","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of pain, agitation\/sedation, delirium, immobility, and sleep disruption in adult patients in the ICU","volume":"46","author":"Devlin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2107138","article-title":"The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale: validity and reliability in adult intensive care unit patients","volume":"166","author":"Sessler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib25","first-page":"205","article-title":"Quantitative pupillometry, a new technology: normative data and preliminary observations in patients with acute head injury. Technical note","volume":"98","author":"Taylor","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(71)90133-4","article-title":"Iris mechanics. II. Influence of pupil size on details of iris structure","volume":"71","author":"Newsome","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199710000-00019","article-title":"Alfentanil blocks reflex pupillary dilation in response to noxious stimulation but does not diminish the light reflex","volume":"87","author":"Larson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2021.102869","article-title":"Detection of opioid effect with pupillometry","volume":"235","author":"McKay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2015.58.4.363","article-title":"Clinical utility of an automated pupillometer in patients with acute brain lesion","volume":"58","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-016-9839-3","article-title":"The effects of anesthetic agents on pupillary function during general\u00a0anesthesia using the automated infrared quantitative pupillometer","volume":"31","author":"Shirozu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Monit Comput"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000609","article-title":"The relevance of pupillometry for evaluation of analgesia before noxious procedures in the intensive care unit","volume":"120","author":"Lukaszewicz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.1.303","article-title":"Concomitant assessment of depth of sedation by changes in bispectral index and changes in autonomic variables (heart rate and\/or BP) in pediatric critically ill patients receiving neuromuscular blockade","volume":"128","author":"Trope","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200307000-00006","article-title":"Overestimation of Bispectral Index in sedated intensive care unit patients revealed by administration of muscle relaxant","volume":"99","author":"Vivien","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-020-00618-4","article-title":"Normative values for SedLine-based processed electroencephalography parameters in awake volunteers: a prospective observational study","volume":"35","author":"Belletti","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Monit Comput"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000841","article-title":"Clinical electroencephalography for anesthesiologists: Part I: background and basic signatures","volume":"123","author":"Purdon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00271-5","article-title":"The Neurological Pupil index for outcome prognostication in people with acute brain injury (ORANGE): a prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Oddo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.5847\/wjem.j.1920-8642.2023.020","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of remimazolam-based sedation for intensive care unit patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-020-00936-0","article-title":"Neurological pupil index as an indicator of neurological worsening in large hemispheric strokes","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1997.00550170055014","article-title":"Neuromuscular blocking drugs do not alter the pupillary light reflex of anesthetized humans","volume":"54","author":"Gray","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2506","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1904710","article-title":"Early sedation with dexmedetomidine in critically ill patients","volume":"380","author":"Shehabi","year":"2019","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Anaesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091224000527?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0007091224000527?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T01:25:17Z","timestamp":1770168317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0007091224000527"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007091224000527"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0912"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0912","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Assessment of sedation by automated pupillometry in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"British Journal of Anaesthesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 British Journal of Anaesthesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}