{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T07:01:19Z","timestamp":1777359679372,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014555","name":"Foundation for the Scientific and Technological Development in Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BIO 007 \\u2013 FIO 22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BIO 007 \\u2013 FIO 22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014555","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T13:19:43Z","timestamp":1774271983000},"page":"105807","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk factors for post-COVID-19 condition: A case-control study in municipalities of Para\u00edba and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6424-3266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clarice Monteiro","family":"Vianna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1433-088X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre Medeiros","family":"de Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4656-1914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Antonio Bastos","family":"Camacho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3069-3720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celia Menezes Cruz","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7686-6490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janaina Reis","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9573-5856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vitor Cardoso","family":"da Gama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8767-6282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geovanna de Lima Cunha","family":"Pizzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5671-9952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renan Marinho","family":"Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0264-9079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewerton Alves Portela dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4223-9151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria de Lourdes de Sousa","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0001","series-title":"Statement on the fifteenth meeting of the IHR","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0002","unstructured":"National Institutes of Health. What do we know about long COVID? [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health; 2023 [cited 2024 Aug 20]. Available from: https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/health\/covid-19\/what-do-we-know-about-long-covid."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0003","series-title":"COVID-19 Rapid guideline: Managing the Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e102","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00703-9","article-title":"A clinical case definition of post-COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus","volume":"22","author":"Soriano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00846-2","article-title":"Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms, and recommendations","volume":"21","author":"Davis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12010099","article-title":"Prevalence and factors associated with Long COVID symptoms among U.S. adults, 2022","volume":"12","author":"Nguyen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0007","article-title":"The prevalence and long-term health effects of Long Covid among hospitalized and non-hospitalized populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"O\u2019Mahoney","year":"2023","journal-title":"E Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.24095\/hpcdp.45.3.02","article-title":"Pr\u00e9valence mondiale du syndrome post-COVID-19: revue syst\u00e9matique et m\u00e9ta-analyse des donn\u00e9es prospectives","volume":"45","author":"Taher","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0009","series-title":"Guia de vigil\u00e2ncia epidemiol\u00f3gica: emerg\u00eancia de sa\u00fade p\u00fablica de import\u00e2ncia nacional pela doen\u00e7a pelo coronav\u00edrus 2019 \u2013 COVID-19","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9950","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-13495-5","article-title":"Long COVID in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Lopez-Leon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0011","unstructured":"Rede Gen\u00f4mica FIOCRUZ. Linhagens do SARS-CoV-2 em circula\u00e7\u00e3o [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz; [cited 2025 Mar 30]. Available from: https:\/\/www.genomahcov.fiocruz.br\/gisaid."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.28568","article-title":"Short-term and Long-Term Rates of postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review","volume":"4","author":"Groff","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2021.06.009","article-title":"Prevalence of post-COVID-19 symptoms in hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"92","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-de-las-Pe\u00f1as","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11040898","article-title":"Patterns of Long COVID Symptoms: A Multi-Center Cross Sectional Study","volume":"11","author":"Yelin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac136","article-title":"Global Prevalence of Post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Condition or Long COVID: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review","volume":"226","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95565-8","article-title":"More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Lopez-Leon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2011.06.016","article-title":"Chronic fatigue syndrome, the immune system and viral infection","volume":"26","author":"Bansal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain, Behav, and Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7314","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11247314","article-title":"Age, Sex and Previous Comorbidities as Risk Factors Not Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection for Long COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Notarte","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11020413","article-title":"Female Sex Is a Risk Factor Associated with Long-Term Post-COVID Related-Symptoms but Not with COVID-19 Symptoms: The LONG-COVID-EXP-CM Multicenter Study","volume":"11","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-De-las-pe\u00f1as","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-021-01083-7","article-title":"Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 is Associated with Long-term Clinical Outcome in Patients with COVID-19: a Longitudinal Study","volume":"41","author":"Garc\u00eda-Abell\u00e1n","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-07242-1","article-title":"Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in Outpatients: a Cohort Study","volume":"37","author":"Desgranges","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01909-w","article-title":"Symptoms and risk factors for long COVID in non-hospitalized adults","volume":"28","author":"Subramanian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11020269","article-title":"Long-Term Sequelae of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of One-Year Follow-Up Studies on Post-COVID Symptoms","volume":"11","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611.e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.11.002","article-title":"Female gender is associated with long COVID syndrome: a prospective cohort study","volume":"28","author":"Bai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infec"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa284","article-title":"Higher mortality of COVID-19 in males: sex differences in immune response and cardiovascular comorbidities","volume":"116","author":"Bienvenu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02536-6","article-title":"Sex differences in COVID-19: the role of androgens in disease severity and progression","volume":"71","author":"Mohamed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3528","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30836-0","article-title":"Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records","volume":"13","author":"Thompson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.0750","article-title":"Risk Factors Associated with Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"183","author":"Tsampasian","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-025-03974-7","article-title":"Risk, determinants, and persistence of long-COVID in a population-based cohort study in Catalonia","volume":"23","author":"Kogevinas","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-16916-w","article-title":"Risk factors associated with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: an N3C and NIH RECOVER study","volume":"23","author":"Hill","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11061541","article-title":"Prognostic Factors for Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Maglietta","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4896","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-30583-2","article-title":"A prospective cohort study assessing the relationship between long-COVID symptom incidence in COVID-19 patients and COVID-19 vaccination","volume":"13","author":"Abu Hamdh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-47218-1","article-title":"Functionality, physical activity, fatigue and quality of life in patients with acute COVID-19 and Long COVID infection","volume":"13","author":"V\u00e9lez-Santamar\u00eda","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0034","article-title":"Post-COVID-19 syndrome: persistent symptoms, functional impact, quality of life, return to work, and indirect costs \u2012 a prospective case study 12 months after COVID-19 infection","volume":"40","author":"Ida","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cad Saude Publica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2790","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11202790","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Health-Related Quality of Life, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment by Symptom-Based Long COVID Status and Age in the US","volume":"11","author":"Di Fusco","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa815","article-title":"The Disproportionate Impact of COVID-19 on Racial and Ethnic Minorities in the United States","volume":"72","author":"Tai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276771","article-title":"Metabolic disorders and post-acute hospitalization in black\/mixed-race patients with long COVID in Brazil: A cross-sectional analysis","volume":"17","author":"Barreto","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0038","article-title":"Psychological factors associated with Long COVID: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Engelmann","year":"2024","journal-title":"E Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000001280","article-title":"Preexisting Psychiatric Conditions as Risk Factors for Diagnosed Long COVID-19 Syndrome Within Aggregated Electronic Health Record Data","volume":"86","author":"Bobak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2021.102512","article-title":"Examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic through the lens of the network approach to psychopathology: Analysis of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Health (ELSA-Brazil) cohort over a 12-year timespan","volume":"85","author":"Suen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0041","series-title":"A New Agenda for Mental Health in the Americas: Report of the High-Level Commission on Mental Health and COVID-19","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010848","article-title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in a Brazilian Cohort after 3 and 6 Months of Hospital Discharge","volume":"20","author":"Lapa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1103","DOI":"10.23938\/ASSN.1103","article-title":"Association between pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 in older adults","volume":"48","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2025","journal-title":"An Sist Sanit Navar"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semerg.2023.102187","article-title":"Genetic factors associated with long COVID","volume":"50","author":"Gamero-de-Luna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Semergen"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-023-01256-1","article-title":"The demographic, laboratory and genetic factors associated with long COVID-19 syndrome: a case-control study","volume":"24","author":"Torki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27404","article-title":"Long COVID syndrome-associated brain fog","volume":"94","author":"Asadi-Pooya","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2024.106358","article-title":"The effect of pre-COVID and post-COVID vaccination on long COVID: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"89","author":"Chow","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Infect"}],"container-title":["The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1413867026011979?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1413867026011979?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T06:23:04Z","timestamp":1777357384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1413867026011979"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1413867026011979"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807","relation":{},"ISSN":["1413-8670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1413-8670","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk factors for post-COVID-19 condition: A case-control study in municipalities of Para\u00edba and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105807","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105807"}}