{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T08:15:34Z","timestamp":1783152934949,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008994","name":"Universidade de Bras\u00edlia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008994","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006366","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T12:23:14Z","timestamp":1777292594000},"page":"105819","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hospitalization costs of patients with severe acute respiratory infections due to COVID-19 in a public teaching hospital: a micro-costing approach"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9445-844X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Carolina Esteves da Silva","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8344-9951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana G.","family":"Gallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3210-1618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Fl\u00e1via de M.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Regina F.","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0448-8299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuelly Martins","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5982-8855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry M.","family":"Peixoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-023-2797-3","article-title":"Clinical characteristics, Diagnosis, and therapeutics of COVID-19: a review","volume":"43","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.12839","article-title":"Pathophysiology, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a review","volume":"324","author":"Wiersinga","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-1104202213302","article-title":"Gest\u00e3o de recursos humanos do SUS na pandemia: fragilidades nas iniciativas do Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade","volume":"46","author":"Lopes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sa\u00fade Em Debate"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30560-9","article-title":"Characterisation of the first 250,000 hospital admissions for COVID-19 in Brazil: a retrospective analysis of nationwide data","volume":"9","author":"Ranzani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/s0103-7331202434049pt","article-title":"Modelo l\u00f3gico para o plano de enfrentamento \u00e0 covid-19: contribui\u00e7\u00f5es para a avalia\u00e7\u00e3o","volume":"34","author":"Azevedo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Physis: Revista de Sa\u00fade Coletiva"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0006","unstructured":"Empresa Brasileira de Servi\u00e7os Hospitalares. HUB-UnB - Hospital Universit\u00e1rio De Bras\u00edlia [Internet]. Bras\u00edlia: EBSERH; [Cited 2025 Fev 20]. Available at: https:\/\/www.gov.br\/ebserh\/pt-br\/hospitais-universitarios\/regiao-centro-oeste\/hub-unb."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2008.00475.x","article-title":"Comparing methodologies for the allocation of overhead and capital costs to hospital services","volume":"12","author":"Tan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-042945","article-title":"Hospital bed capacity and usage across secondary healthcare providers in England during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a descriptive analysis","volume":"11","author":"Mateen","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"Suppl 9","key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0009","first-page":"S23","article-title":"Hospital costs of COVID-19, post-COVID-19 condition and other viral pneumonias: a cost comparison analysis","volume":"221","author":"Hitch","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0010","article-title":"Risk prediction of covid-19 related death and hospital admission in adults after covid-19 vaccination: national prospective cohort study","volume":"374","author":"Hippisley-Cox","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0011","series-title":"Minist\u00e9rio Da Sa\u00fade. Diretriz Metodol\u00f3gica: Estudos de Microcusteio Aplicados a Avalia\u00e7\u00f5es Econ\u00f4micas Em Sa\u00fade","author":"Brasil","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0012","first-page":"205","article-title":"Estudos de avalia\u00e7\u00e3o econ\u00f4mica em sa\u00fade: defini\u00e7\u00e3o e aplicabilidade aos sistemas e servi\u00e7os de sa\u00fade","volume":"25","author":"Silva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epidemiol v Saude"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0013","series-title":"Methods For the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes","author":"Drummond","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2020.1828982","article-title":"Sociocultural, behavioural and political factors shaping the COVID-19 pandemic: the need for a biocultural approach to understanding pandemics and (re)emerging pathogens","volume":"16","author":"Friedler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2021.111676","article-title":"COVID-19 and emerging infectious diseases: the society is still unprepared for the next pandemic","volume":"202","author":"Frutos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Env Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2024.103744","article-title":"Costs of hospital admissions due to COVID-19 in the federal capital of Brazil: a study based on hospital admission authorizations","volume":"28","author":"Pereira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-019-01085-8","article-title":"An 8-step framework for implementing time-driven activity-based costing in healthcare studies","volume":"20","author":"Etges","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0018","unstructured":"Brasil. Portal Da Transpar\u00eancia do Governo Federal. Consulta de Licita\u00e7\u00f5es [Internet]. Bras\u00edlia: Controladoria-Geral da Uni\u00e3o; [acessed 2025 Mai 29]. Available at: https:\/\/portaldatransparencia.gov.br\/licitacoes\/consulta?ordenarPor=dataResultadoCompra&direcao=desc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pereira A.C.E.S., Guerra G.L., Oliveira A.F.M., Oliveira M.R.F., Peixoto H.M. Professional care costs for patients with SARI due to COVID-19 in a Public Teaching Hospital in Brazil\u2019s Federal district: a time-driven activity-based costing analysis. 2025. doi: 10.1590\/SciELOPreprints.13588.","DOI":"10.1590\/SciELOPreprints.13588"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0020","unstructured":"Medical equipment depreciation life (Rules, Rates & Lifespan) [Internet]. [Assed May 21, 2025]. Available at: https:\/\/timly.com\/en\/medical-equipment-useful-tax-depreciation-life\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00678.x","article-title":"Cost savings of home nocturnal versus conventional in-center hemodialysis","volume":"62","author":"McFarlane","year":"2002","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6296(98)00032-0","article-title":"Modeling risk using generalized linear models","volume":"18","author":"Blough","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1258\/1355819042250249","article-title":"Multiple regression of cost data: use of generalised linear models","volume":"9","author":"Barber","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Health V Res Polic"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2014.02.005","article-title":"Keep it simple? Predicting primary health care costs with clinical morbidity measures","volume":"35","author":"Brilleman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154262","article-title":"Severe obesity, increasing age and male sex are independently associated with worse in-hospital outcomes, and higher in-hospital mortality, in a cohort of patients with COVID-19 in the Bronx, New York","volume":"108","author":"Palaiodimos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-311xpt261921","article-title":"Vulnerabilidade social, sobrevida e letalidade hospitalar pela COVID-19 em pacientes com 50 anos ou mais: coorte retrospectiva de casos no Brasil em 2020 e 2021","volume":"38","author":"Santos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cad Saude Publica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2021.1923777","article-title":"A review of environmental risks and vulnerability factors of indigenous populations from Latin America and the Caribbean in the face of the COVID-19","volume":"16","author":"Flores-Ram\u00edrez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Glob Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0028","series-title":"IPEDF. Relat\u00f3rio - A COVID-19 No Distrito Federal","year":"2023"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0029","article-title":"Incid\u00eancia e letalidade por COVID-19 na popula\u00e7\u00e3o do Distrito Federal: um estudo ecol\u00f3gico","volume":"12","author":"Teixeira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Revista de Epidemiologia e Controle de Infec\u00e7\u00e3o"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0030","series-title":"Secretaria De Estado de Sa\u00fade do Distrito Federal. Boletim Epidemiol\u00f3gico Anual - Edi\u00e7\u00e3o Especial \u2013 COVID-19","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0031","article-title":"In-hospital mortality, comorbidities, and costs of one million mechanically ventilated patients in Germany: a nationwide observational study before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"42","author":"Karagiannidis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health - Eur"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofab561","article-title":"Estimation of coronavirus disease 2019 hospitalization costs from a large electronic administrative discharge database, March 2020-July 2021","volume":"8","author":"Shrestha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30316-7","article-title":"Case characteristics, resource use, and outcomes of 10\u2008021 patients with COVID-19 admitted to 920 German hospitals: an observational study","volume":"8","author":"Karagiannidis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0034","first-page":"936","article-title":"Direct health care costs associated with COVID-19 in the United States","volume":"28","author":"DeMartino","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-40727-z","article-title":"Big data evidence of the impact of COVID-19 hospitalizations on mortality rates of non-COVID-19 critically ill patients","volume":"13","author":"Wichmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.3373","article-title":"Health effects of economic crises","volume":"25","author":"Ruhm","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.03.017","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron and Delta variant: systematic review and meta-analysis of 33 studies covering 6 037 144 coronavirus disease 2019\u2013positive patients","volume":"29","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clini Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-023-08939-w","article-title":"Characteristics, outcome, duration of hospitalization, and cycle threshold of patients with COVID-19 referred to four hospitals in Babol City: a multicenter retrospective observational study on the fourth, fifth, and sixth waves","volume":"24","author":"Sadeghi","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2021.101609","article-title":"COVID-19-related hospital cost-outcome analysis: the impact of clinical and demographic factors","volume":"25","author":"Miethke-Morais","year":"2021","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0040","article-title":"First and second COVID-19 waves in Brazil: a cross-sectional study of patients\u2019 characteristics related to hospitalization and in-hospital mortality","volume":"6","author":"Zeiser","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.01.019","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Brazil: results from the Brazilian COVID-19 registry","volume":"107","author":"Marcolino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trac074","article-title":"Clinical and epidemiological aspects of severe acute respiratory infection: before and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil","volume":"117","author":"Carvalho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2020.100180","article-title":"The impact of COVID-19 on globalization","volume":"11","author":"Shrestha","year":"2020","journal-title":"One Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-023-02037-8","article-title":"COVID-19 inpatient mortality in Brazil from 2020 to 2022: a cross-sectional overview study based on secondary data","volume":"22","author":"Portela","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-44533-5","article-title":"Shift in hospital opioid use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: a time-series analysis of one million prescriptions","volume":"13","author":"Carvalho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066620951426","article-title":"Sedation, analgesia, and paralysis in COVID-19 patients in the setting of drug shortages","volume":"36","author":"Ammar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0047","article-title":"O subfinanciamento do Sistema \u00danico de Sa\u00fade e seus rebatimentos no enfrentamento da COVID-19","volume":"30","author":"Souza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Revista de Sa\u00fade Coletiva"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4405","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-812320182412.25892019","article-title":"Underfunding and federal budget of SUS: preliminary references for additional resource allocation","volume":"24","author":"Funcia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cien Saude Colet"},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0049","first-page":"35","article-title":"Notas explorat\u00f3rias sobre as raz\u00f5es do subfinanciamento estrutural do SUS","author":"Marques","year":"2017","journal-title":"Planejamento e Pol\u00edticas P\u00fablicas. IPEA Planejamento e Pol\u00edticas P\u00fablicas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819_bib0050","first-page":"162","article-title":"Revis\u00e3o de remunera\u00e7\u00e3o do SUS para linha de cuidado do AVC isqu\u00eamico por meio de microcusteio","volume":"14","author":"Etges","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Bras Econ Sa\u00fade"}],"container-title":["The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1413867026012092?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1413867026012092?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T07:20:16Z","timestamp":1783149616000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1413867026012092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1413867026012092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819","relation":{},"ISSN":["1413-8670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1413-8670","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hospitalization costs of patients with severe acute respiratory infections due to COVID-19 in a public teaching hospital: a micro-costing approach","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105819","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105819"}}