{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T16:35:11Z","timestamp":1793205311478,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:27:19Z","timestamp":1790393239000},"page":"105970","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Persistent low-level viremia and symptomatic HIV cerebrospinal fluid escape in a person living with HIV receiving darunavir: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2931-0200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico Stefano","family":"Suriano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3345-6461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Kuslevicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7460-3521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana Martins dos Santos","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1930-8466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Fernando Degrecci","family":"Relvas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8689-0539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo Arthur Reis","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2534","article-title":"Unravelling the triad of neuroinvasion, neurodissemination, and neuroinflammation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the central nervous system","volume":"34","author":"Calado","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.3390\/v17040572","article-title":"Neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier, and HIV reservoirs in the CNS: an in-depth exploration of latency mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies","volume":"17","author":"Said","year":"2025","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S159","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002266","article-title":"Symptomatic cerebrospinal fluid escape","volume":"33","author":"Mastrangelo","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0004","unstructured":"The Ontario HIV Treatment Network. (2022). Rapid response service. Low-level HIV viremia: definitions, predictors, mechanisms, and clinical outcomes. https:\/\/www.ohtn.on.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/RR166_Low-level-viremia_version2.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001362","article-title":"Temporal patterns and drug resistance in CSF viral escape among ART-experienced HIV-1-infected adults","volume":"75","author":"Mukerji","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1086\/378300","article-title":"Acute meningoencephalitis in chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: putative central nervous system escape of HIV replication","volume":"37","author":"Wendel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.3390\/v15091829","article-title":"CSF inflammation markers associated with asymptomatic viral escape in cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-positive individuals","volume":"15","author":"Guha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-7-147","article-title":"Factors influencing cerebrospinal fluid and plasma HIV-1 RNA detection rate in patients with and without opportunistic neurological disease during the HAART era","volume":"7","author":"Christo","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002992","article-title":"The symptomatology of cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA escape: a large case-series","volume":"35","author":"Chan","year":"2021","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12552","article-title":"Brain MRI features of CSF human immunodeficiency virus escape","volume":"28","author":"Narvid","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0011","first-page":"87","article-title":"Neurological manifestations in people living with HIV\/AIDS in the late cART era: a prospective observational study at a tertiary healthcare center in S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","volume":"22","author":"Telles","year":"2021","journal-title":"HIV Res Clin Pr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI176358","article-title":"Neurosymptomatic HIV-1 CSF escape is associated with replication in CNS T cells and inflammation","volume":"134","author":"Kincer","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-017-0605-1","article-title":"Symptomatic cerebrospinal fluid HIV-1 escape with no resistance-associated mutations following low-level plasma viremia","volume":"24","author":"Trunfio","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy267","article-title":"Impact of antiretroviral regimens on cerebrospinal fluid viral escape in a prospective multicohort study of antiretroviral therapy-experienced human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected adults in the United States","volume":"67","author":"Mukerji","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu773","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid inhibitory quotients of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-infected patients are associated with compartmental viral control","volume":"60","author":"Calcagno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa473","article-title":"Improvement of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders after antiretroviral therapy intensification: the Neuro+3 study","volume":"76","author":"Force","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000020516","article-title":"Two treatment strategies for management of neurosymptomatic cerebrospinal fluid HIV escape in Pune, India","volume":"99","author":"Dravid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002091","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid HIV-1 escape according to different thresholds and underlying comorbidities","volume":"33","author":"Trunfio","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S107","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000002252","article-title":"Defining cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA escape","volume":"33","author":"Winston","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab943","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid viral load across the spectrum of untreated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection: a cross-sectional multicenter study","volume":"75","author":"Ulfhammer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1413867026013607?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1413867026013607?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T15:41:00Z","timestamp":1793202060000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1413867026013607"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1413867026013607"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970","relation":{},"ISSN":["1413-8670"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1413-8670","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Persistent low-level viremia and symptomatic HIV cerebrospinal fluid escape in a person living with HIV receiving darunavir: a case report","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjid.2026.105970","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105970"}}