{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:46:52Z","timestamp":1786117612607,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009330","name":"Medical Science and Technology Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A2020507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A2020507"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010096","name":"Southern Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018MM10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018MM10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010096","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012151","name":"Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzen Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SZSM201612023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SZSM201612023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012151","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82103504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82103504"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T02:39:25Z","timestamp":1774579165000},"page":"101799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CXCR4+ cells in NPC tumor sphere have metastatic potential"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Zhenwei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingxian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaitai","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0005","first-page":"566","article-title":"Incidence and mortality of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China, 2014","volume":"40","author":"Fu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30956-0","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"394","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1097\/01.cco.0000156197.29872.8e","article-title":"Advances in nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"17","author":"O\u2019Meara","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080926","article-title":"Cancer stem cells and targeting strategies","volume":"8","author":"Barbato","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-012615-044438","article-title":"Cancer stem cells: basic concepts and therapeutic implications","volume":"11","author":"Nassar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146052","article-title":"What do we learn from spheroid culture systems? Insights from tumorspheres derived from primary colon cancer tissue","volume":"11","author":"Qureshi-Baig","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2014.12.004","article-title":"Spherical cancer models in tumor biology","volume":"17","author":"Weiswald","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neoplasia."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1694","article-title":"Opinion: migrating cancer stem cells \u2012 an integrated concept of malignant tumour progression","volume":"5","author":"Brabletz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2014.02.002","article-title":"Metastatic stem cells: sources, niches, and vital pathways","volume":"14","author":"Oskarsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm5040041","article-title":"Signal transduction pathways of EMT induced by TGF-\u03b2, SHH, and WNT and their crosstalks","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-10-85","article-title":"CD133(+)CXCR4(+) colon cancer cells exhibit metastatic potential and predict poor prognosis of patients","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2007.06.002","article-title":"Distinct populations of cancer stem cells determine tumor growth and metastatic activity in human pancreatic cancer","volume":"1","author":"Hermann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9724","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.28253","article-title":"CXCL12\/CXCR4 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas via PI3K\/AKT signal pathway","volume":"120","author":"Yin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0070","first-page":"1508","article-title":"Hypoxiainduced expression of CXCR4 favors trophoblast cell migration and invasion via the activation of HIF1alpha","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-017-0995-9","article-title":"PAX3 promotes cell migration and CXCR4 gene expression in neural crest cells","volume":"64","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-411638-2.00002-1","article-title":"The intricate role of CXCR4 in cancer","volume":"124","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3897","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27163","article-title":"Role of CXCL12-CXCR4 axis in ovarian cancer metastasis and CXCL12-CXCR4 blockade with AMD3100 suppresses tumor cell migration and invasion in vitro","volume":"234","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-019-05129-8","article-title":"Tumor microenvironmental plasmacytoid dendritic cells contribute to breast cancer lymph node metastasis via CXCR4\/SDF-1 axis","volume":"174","author":"Gadalla","year":"2019","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3636","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-14-3781","article-title":"Microenvironment-modulated metastatic CD133+\/CXCR4+\/EpCAM- lung cancer-initiating cells sustain tumor dissemination and correlate with poor prognosis","volume":"75","author":"Bertolini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8169","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-015-4686-2","article-title":"Inflammatory CXCL12-CXCR4\/CXCR7 axis mediates G-protein signaling pathway to influence the invasion and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells","volume":"37","author":"Qiao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tumour Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20170144","article-title":"Role of SDF-1alpha\/CXCR4 signaling pathway in clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"37","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biosci Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6099","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-015-4464-1","article-title":"Expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 is closely correlated with clinical outcome in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"37","author":"Tao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tumour Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19990924)83:1<121::AID-IJC21>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line (C666-1) consistently harbouring Epstein-Barr virus","volume":"83","author":"Cheung","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Cancer."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2576","article-title":"Identification of a population of blood circulating tumor cells from breast cancer patients that initiates metastasis in a xenograft assay","volume":"31","author":"Baccelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2013.2408","article-title":"Biological characteristics of CD133(+) cells in nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"30","author":"Zhuang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncol Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2927","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-09-2329","article-title":"CXCL12 (SDF-1)\/CXCR4 pathway in cancer","volume":"16","author":"Teicher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.574667","article-title":"The role of the CXCL12\/CXCR4\/CXCR7 chemokine axis in cancer","volume":"11","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-001588","article-title":"EBV-EBNA1 constructs an immunosuppressive microenvironment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma by promoting the chemoattraction of Treg cells","volume":"8","author":"Huo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4658","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-1798","article-title":"The expression of functional chemokine receptor CXCR4 is associated with the metastatic potential of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"11","author":"Hu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0150","first-page":"1098","article-title":"Downregulation of miR-204 facilitates the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting CXCR4 through NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"25","author":"Zong","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Buon."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1080\/15384047.2019.1685157","article-title":"CXCR4\/TGF-\u03b21 mediated hepatic stellate cells differentiation into carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and promoted liver metastasis of colon cancer","volume":"21","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1002\/1878-0261.12533","article-title":"The identification of a TNBC liver metastasis gene signature by sequential CTC-xenograft modeling","volume":"13","author":"Vishnoi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0165","first-page":"5167","article-title":"Evidence that intravenously derived murine pulmonary melanoma metastases can originate from the expansion of a single tumor cell","volume":"46","author":"Fidler","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8101145","article-title":"CTC-derived models: a window into the seeding capacity of circulating tumor cells (CTCs)","volume":"8","author":"Tayoun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/651580","article-title":"Cellular plasticity in prostate cancer bone metastasis","volume":"2015","author":"Jadaan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prostate Cancer."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0080-4","article-title":"New insights into the mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and implications for cancer","volume":"20","author":"Dongre","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2020.03.011","article-title":"Emerging mechanisms by which EMT programs control stemness","volume":"6","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Cancer."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110909","article-title":"EMT, cancer stem cells and autophagy; The three main axes of metastasis","volume":"133","author":"Babaei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.08.009","article-title":"EMT: mechanisms and therapeutic implications","volume":"182","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-023-01129-w","article-title":"The role of tumor microenvironment on cancer stem cell fate in solid tumors","volume":"21","author":"Razi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Commun Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2022.07.004","article-title":"The epigenetic state of EED-Gli3-Gli1 regulatory axis controls embryonic cortical neurogenesis","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stem Cell Reports."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6664","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-020-01460-3","article-title":"LncRNA SLC26A4-AS1 suppresses the MRN complex-mediated DNA repair signaling and thyroid cancer metastasis by destabilizing DDX5","volume":"39","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncogene."}],"container-title":["Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1808869426000480?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1808869426000480?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T14:13:37Z","timestamp":1786025617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1808869426000480"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1808869426000480"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799","relation":{},"ISSN":["1808-8694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1808-8694","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"CXCR4+ cells in NPC tumor sphere have metastatic potential","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjorl.2026.101799","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U. on behalf of Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia C\u00e9rvico-Facial.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101799"}}